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Analysis of Risk Factors for Length of Hospitalization in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Koesnadi, Grace Lucyana; Sihotang, Raja Van Den Bosch; Suwarno, Michelle Adelia; Ibrahim, Auron Saka; Ariyawan, Jovansha; Saifudin, Toha
Critical Medical and Surgical Nursing Journal Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): APRIL 2026
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

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Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. This study aimed to analyze risk factors influencing the length of hospital stay (LOS) among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) at Universitas Airlangga Hospital in 2023.   Methods: A quantitative observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted using secondary data from 75 inpatient medical records. Survival analysis methods, including Kaplan–Meier estimation and Cox proportional hazards regression, were applied to evaluate factors associated with LOS.   Results: The mean LOS was 3.89 ± 3.22 days, and the mean age was 58.37 ± 11.16 years. Patients aged >65 years had a longer LOS (5.64 days) compared to younger groups. Based on the Cox regression model, age was identified as the only variable that significantly influenced LOS (p < 0.05), with younger patients having a higher probability of earlier discharge.   Conclusion: In conclusion, age is a significant predictor of hospitalization duration in T2DM patients. These findings highlight the importance of age-specific management strategies to optimize hospital resource utilization and patient outcomes
Advanced inferential statistics and data mining for chlorophyll distribution clustering Felix Reba; Toha Saifudin; Rimuljo Hendradi
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol 15, No 3: June 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijai.v15.i3.pp2081-2091

Abstract

This study proposes an integrated statistical framework to analyze chlorophyll distribution in marine environments by combining probability distribution modeling, goodness-of-fit (GoF) evaluation, and machine learning-based clustering. Eight probability distribution models—half normal, inverse Gaussian, Rician, Birnbaum–Saunders, Nakagami, extreme value, t location-scale, and stable—were evaluated using observational chlorophyll-a data from the Copernicus Marine Service. Model performance was assessed through the Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KS) and Anderson Darling (AD) GoF tests, along with five statistical information criteria. The results indicate that the inverse Gaussian and extreme value distributions consistently offered the best statistical fit and ecological relevance across varying sample sizes. Clustering analysis, performed using the k-means algorithm and validated via the silhouette index, further confirmed the robustness of these two models in forming stable and well-separated clusters. In contrast, the half-normal distribution showed poor performance and instability, especially with smaller sample sizes. The proposed taxonomy and spatial visualizations enable empirical classification of model behavior and support integration into real-time marine decision support systems (DSS) for ecosystem monitoring. Overall, the study contributes to the development of accurate, data-driven analytical tools that aid sustainable marine resource management, aligned with sustainable development goal (SDG) 14 on marine ecosystem protection.
TRAINING ON EARLY STUNTING DETECTION USING WEB AND R-SHINY APPLICATIONS FOR COMMUNITY HEALTH WORKERS (POSYANDU) IN THE SONGGON COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER CATCHMENT AREA, BANYUWANGI REGENCY Nur Chamidah; Ardi Kurniawan; Toha Saifudin; Raaulia Gita Nafsi; Mia Khoirunnisa; Fa’iqotus Zuqna Dwi Syauqie; Dwika Maya Harsanti; Verina Tita Nabila; Naufal Ramadhan Al Akhwal Siregar
Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat (Journal of Public Services) Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL LAYANAN MASYARAKAT
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

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Abstract

Stunting is a condition that reflects the nutritional status of toddlers and serves as a crucial indicator for monitoring their growth and development. The prevalence of stunting in East Java Province was recorded at 19.2% in 2022, indicating that the province still faces serious challenges requiring sustained intervention. However, monitoring efforts at the local level, particularly within the Songgon Public Health Center (Puskesmas) working area, still encounter technical obstacles such as inconsistent and inaccurate nutritional data recording systems, which risk compromising the validity of early detection. To address these issues, this community service activity aimed to equip Posyandu cadres with nutritional knowledge and technical skills in utilizing a Web-based and R-Shiny early detection application. The application allows users to input toddler anthropometric data (Weight-for-Age, Height-for-Age, and BMI-for-Age) and automatically generates growth charts based on reference standards. It also integrates National Identification Number (NIK) inputs to ensure data validity and prevent duplication. The activity was conducted on August 2, 2025, involving 49 cadres from the Songgon Health Center working area. Evaluation results showed a significant increase in competence, marked by a higher average post-test score (90.204) compared to the pre-test score (77.007), with a paired t-test p-value of 0.000. Participants' satisfaction levels were also categorized as excellent, with average scores exceeding 85 across all indicators. Through intensive mentoring and an accurate local data-driven approach, this program is expected to serve as an adaptive, modern community service model that can be replicated to accelerate stunting reduction.
Nonlinear Ordinal Logistic Regression and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (NORL-MARS) for Prediction of Diabetes Mellitus Risk Any Tsalasatul Fitriyah; Maylita Hasyim; Nur Chamidah; Toha Saifudin; Vita Fibriyani
ZERO: Jurnal Sains, Matematika dan Terapan Vol 10, No 1 (2026): Zero: Jurnal Sains Matematika dan Terapan
Publisher : UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/zero.v10i1.28733

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a high-risk metabolic disease with increasing prevalence in Indonesia, requiring an effective classification model based on significant risk factors. This study uses Nonparametric Ordinal Logistic Regression based on the Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline estimator (NOLR-MARS). Unlike conventional parametric ordinal regression, this model does not assume a fixed functional pattern but rather determines the form of the relationship based on data patterns through basis functions, making it more flexible in handling complex predictor variable interactions. Using 664 records from the Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) cohort, we explore the relationship between metabolic factors, included age, sex, Body Mass Index (BMI), LDL cholesterol, and hypertension—and DM risk. This NOLR-MARS integration addresses the nonlinear relationship while maintaining the ordinal nature of DM stages, a combination often overlooked in traditional models. Based on Generalized Cross Validation (GCV) selection, the best model achieved 74.92% accuracy for in-sample data and 80.30% for out-sample data. Furthermore, a sensitivity of 70% and a specificity of 92.86% were obtained for stage 2 DM. Factors such as age, BMI, LDL cholesterol, and hypertension significantly influenced DM status. The results showed that the NORL-MARS model had good predictive performance. The novelty of this study lies in the integration of the MARS estimator into an ordinal logistic regression framework for more granular DM risk assessment. Although this model shows potential as a screening tool in high-risk metabolic cohorts, further clinical application requires external validation to ensure broader generalizability.
Co-Authors Abdul Aziz Aditya Syarifudin Akbar Adyatma, Isryad Yoga Afifa, Fitriana Nur Aflaha, Nabila Shafa Aisharezka, Mutiara Aisyah, Arlisya Shafwan Al Hasri, Ilham Maulana Aldawiyah, Najwa Khoir Alfi Nur Nitasari Alfredi Yoani Alpandi, Gaos Tipki Ameliatul 'Iffah Ana, Elly Andini Putri Mediani Angga Kusuma Bayu Viargo Angga Kusuma Bayu Viargo Aniq Atiqi Any Tsalasatul Fitriyah Ardi Kurniawan Ardi Kurniawan Ariani, Fildzah Tri Januar Ariyawan, Jovansha Arrofah, Aini Divayanti Aulia, Niswa Faizah Auliyah, Nina Ayuning Dwis Cahyasari Azis, Aurelia Islami Azizah, Khansa Baihaqi, Mochamad Belindha Ayu Ardhani Budijono, Gabriella Agnes Chaerobby Fakhri Fauzaan Purwoko Christiano Ginzel, Bryan Given Christopher Andreas Dewanti, Maria Setya Dewanty, Sanda Insania Diah Puspita Ningrum Dita Amelia Dita Amelia Dita Amelia, Dita Dwika Maya Harsanti Easyfa Wieldyanisa, Ezha Elly Pusporani Erfiana Erfiana Faiza, Atikah Fajrina, Sofia Falasifah, Sabrina Fatmawati Fatmawati Fauzi, Doni Muhammad Fauziah, Nathania Fa’iqotus Zuqna Dwi Syauqie Felix Reba Fina Insyiroh Firmansyah, Mochamad FIRMANSYAH, MOCHAMMAD Fitriani, Mubadi'ul Fortunata, Regina Gaos Tipki Alpandi Gaos Tipki Alpandi Hardiansyah, Fernanda Rizky Hasyim, Maylita Herdianto, Muhammad Hendra Ibrahim, Auron Saka Ilma Amira Rahmayanti Indrasta, Irma Ayu Insania Dewanty, Sanda Januarta, R. Arya Johanna Tania Victory Khairian, Farhan Aldan Kholidiyah, Azizatul Koesnadi, Grace Lucyana Leni Sartika Panjaitan Lensa Rosdiana Safitri M. Fariz Fadillah Mardianto Maelcardino Christopher Justin Mahadesyawardani, Arinda Maharani, Prima Makhbubah, Karina Rubita Marisa Rifada Marpaung, Josua Ronaldo Davico Marshanda Aprilia Marthabakti, CitraWani Marwanda, Nadia Dwi Mediani, Andini Putri Mia Khoirunnisa Mochamad Firmansyah Mochamad Rasyid Aditya Putra Muhammad Rosyid Ridho Az Zuhro Mutiara Aisharezka Muzakki, Naufal Nahar, Muhammad Hafidzuddin Naufal Ramadhan Al Akhwal Siregar Naura, Sheila Sevira Asteriska Novianti, Dita Aris Nugraha, Galuh Cahya Nur Chamidah Nur chamnidah Nur Rahmah Miftakhul Jannah Nurdin, Nabila Nurrohmah, Zidni 'Ilmatun Oktavia, Sabrina Salsa Panjaitan, Leni Sartika Pratama, Fachriza Yosa Purnama, Titania Faisha Puspasari, Laili Raaulia Gita Nafsi Rahayu, Rizky Dwi Kurnia Ramadhani, Azzah Nazhifa Wina Ramadhanti, Aulia Ramadhanty, Devira Thania Ramadhina, Fidela Sahda Ilona Recylia, Rien Rimuljo Hendradi Risky Wahyuningsih Sa'idah, Andini Safitri, Lensa Rosdiana Salma Bethari Andjani Sumarto Salsabila, Fatiha Nadia Sa’idah Zahrotul Jannah Sediono, Sediono Sentosa, Martha Ayu Setyawan, Muhammad Daffa Bintang Shalwa Oktavrilia Kusuma Siagian, Kimberly Maserati Sihite, Rivaldi Sihotang, Raja Van Den Bosch Siti Maghfirotul Ulyah Sugha Faiz Al Maula Suliyanto Suliyanto Suliyanto Suwarno, Michelle Adelia Syaugi Sungkar, Salman Teguh Susanto Teguh Susanto Tiani Wahyu Utami Trisa, Nadya Lovita Hana Ubadah, Mohammad Noufal Valida, Hanny Verina Tita Nabila Victory, Johanna Tania VITA FIBRIYANI Wahyuli, Diana Widyawati, Ayu Wieldyanisa, Ezha Easyfa Wulandari, Indana Zulfa Yan Dwi Zhafira, Azizah Atsariyyah