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Cellulase activity of bacteria isolated from water of mangrove ecosystem in Aceh Province Irma Dewiyanti; Darmawi Darmawi; Zainal Abidin Muchlisin; Teuku Zahrial Helmi; Iko Imelda Arisa; Cut Nanda Defira; Fitriyani Fitriyani; Sawva Yura
Depik Vol 10, No 3 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.10.3.22964

Cellulolytic bacteria that produce cellulase enzymes play an essential role in degrading cellulose in their habitat. The presence of cellulolytic bacteria strongly supports the fertility and productivity in mangrove waters. The objectives of the study are to analyze the activity of cellulase enzyme qualitatively through the cellulolytic index and quantitatively through the activity and specific activity of the cellulase enzyme from bacteria isolated from the water of mangrove ecosystems in Aceh Province. The qualitative experiment of enzyme activity was carried out at the Microbiology laboratory SKIPM Aceh, and a quantitative experiment of enzyme activity was conducted at the Microbiology Laboratory, Biology Department, IPB. Isolation of cellulolytic bacteria isolated from mangrove water used Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (1% CMC) selective media and carried out by spread plate method. The ability of bacteria to produce cellulase was tested qualitatively using the spot technique, this test was carried out using 1% Congo Red. Furthermore, the quantitative testing of cellulase enzymes activity adopted the DNS spectrophotometric method. The specific activity of the cellulase enzyme can be determined by using the Lowry method. There were 21 isolates that had a clear zone and had the ability to produce cellulase enzymes from 49 isolates that were successfully purified. The highest cellulolytic index (CI) produced using BAM421 isolate with the value of 5.50 was included in the high category, followed by BAM326 and BAM132 isolates, with values of 1.55 and 1.05 were categorized into the medium category. The other isolates were in the low cellulolytic index category. The isolate with the highest CI value was further tested using the quantitative enzyme activity test. The highest cellulase enzyme activity of BAM421 occurred at 24hr (0.0029 U/ml). The highest specific cellulase activity of BAM421 was at 24hr with the value of 0.210 U/mg. The result concluded that the qualitative test showed CI values can be categorized into low, medium, and high. Moreover, the value of the quantitative assay described that the cellulase enzyme and the specific enzyme activities of the bacteria were low in the study area.Keywords:Cellulolytic indexQuantitative testMangrove watersCellulase enzymeMicroorganismTRANSLATE with x EnglishArabicHebrewPolishBulgarianHindiPortugueseCatalanHmong DawRomanianChinese SimplifiedHungarianRussianChinese TraditionalIndonesianSlovakCzechItalianSlovenianDanishJapaneseSpanishDutchKlingonSwedishEnglishKoreanThaiEstonianLatvianTurkishFinnishLithuanianUkrainianFrenchMalayUrduGermanMalteseVietnameseGreekNorwegianWelshHaitian CreolePersian // TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster PortalBack//

Cellulase activity of bacteria isolated from water of mangrove ecosystem in Aceh Province Irma Dewiyanti; Darmawi Darmawi; Zainal Abidin Muchlisin; Teuku Zahrial Helmi; Iko Imelda Arisa; Cut Nanda Defira; Fitriyani Fitriyani; Sawva Yura
Depik Vol 10, No 3 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.10.3.22964

Cellulolytic bacteria that produce cellulase enzymes play an essential role in degrading cellulose in their habitat. The presence of cellulolytic bacteria strongly supports the fertility and productivity in mangrove waters. The objectives of the study are to analyze the activity of cellulase enzyme qualitatively through the cellulolytic index and quantitatively through the activity and specific activity of the cellulase enzyme from bacteria isolated from the water of mangrove ecosystems in Aceh Province. The qualitative experiment of enzyme activity was carried out at the Microbiology laboratory SKIPM Aceh, and a quantitative experiment of enzyme activity was conducted at the Microbiology Laboratory, Biology Department, IPB. Isolation of cellulolytic bacteria isolated from mangrove water used Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (1% CMC) selective media and carried out by spread plate method. The ability of bacteria to produce cellulase was tested qualitatively using the spot technique, this test was carried out using 1% Congo Red. Furthermore, the quantitative testing of cellulase enzymes activity adopted the DNS spectrophotometric method. The specific activity of the cellulase enzyme can be determined by using the Lowry method. There were 21 isolates that had a clear zone and had the ability to produce cellulase enzymes from 49 isolates that were successfully purified. The highest cellulolytic index (CI) produced using BAM421 isolate with the value of 5.50 was included in the high category, followed by BAM326 and BAM132 isolates, with values of 1.55 and 1.05 were categorized into the medium category. The other isolates were in the low cellulolytic index category. The isolate with the highest CI value was further tested using the quantitative enzyme activity test. The highest cellulase enzyme activity of BAM421 occurred at 24hr (0.0029 U/ml). The highest specific cellulase activity of BAM421 was at 24hr with the value of 0.210 U/mg. The result concluded that the qualitative test showed CI values can be categorized into low, medium, and high. Moreover, the value of the quantitative assay described that the cellulase enzyme and the specific enzyme activities of the bacteria were low in the study area.Keywords:Cellulolytic indexQuantitative testMangrove watersCellulase enzymeMicroorganismTRANSLATE with x EnglishArabicHebrewPolishBulgarianHindiPortugueseCatalanHmong DawRomanianChinese SimplifiedHungarianRussianChinese TraditionalIndonesianSlovakCzechItalianSlovenianDanishJapaneseSpanishDutchKlingonSwedishEnglishKoreanThaiEstonianLatvianTurkishFinnishLithuanianUkrainianFrenchMalayUrduGermanMalteseVietnameseGreekNorwegianWelshHaitian CreolePersian // TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster PortalBack//

18. Phytochemistry and Antibacterial Activity Test of Ethanol Extracts of Soursop flower (Annona muricata L.) against Salmonella enteritidis Zuraidawati Zuraidawati; Maryulia Dewi; Darmawi Darmawi; Sugito Sugito; Abdullah Hamzah; Winaruddin Winaruddin
Jurnal Medika Veterinaria Vol 13, No 1 (2019): J. Med. Vet.
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21157/j.med.vet..v13i1.8885

The purpose of this research was to identified the compounds in ethanol extract of soursop flower and determined the antibacterial activity of the soursop flower extract on Salmonella enteritidis. The phytochemistry screening was done to identify the secondary metabolite compounds of this extract. The concentrations used of ethanol extract of soursop flower were 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, with ampicillin 10 μg/disc as the positive control and 10% Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) as the negative control. The antibacterial activity test of soursop flower ethanol extract against Salmonella enteritidis was held in vitro using the paper disc diffusion method by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone. The phytochemistry screening showed that the ethanol extract of soursop flower had secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, phenolic, and flavonoid. The result of the antibacterial activity test showed that there was no inhibition zone (bright zone) at various concentrations. So, it can be concluded that soursop flower ethanol extract (Annona muricata L.) contained the secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, phenolic, and flavonoid, and also this extract had no antibacterial activity against Salmonella enteritidis

17. Oxytetracycline Activities To Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Inhibition Of Aceh Cattle Preputium Isolate Maryulia Dewi; Darmawi Darmawi; T. Zahrial Helmi; Erina Erina; Basri Gani; Eliawardani Eliawardani; Azhar Azhar
Jurnal Medika Veterinaria Vol 13, No 1 (2019): J. Med. Vet.
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21157/j.med.vet..v13i1.8884

The aim of this study was to see the antimicrobial activities of oxytetracycline to the inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm of Aceh’s cattle preputium isolates. The parameters measured in this study were the percentage of antimicrobial and biofilm inhibitory power. The antimicrobial activities were tested on Nutrient Broth using U-bottom polystyrene microplate 96 wells. The Biofilm stained using 1% of crystalviolet. Then, Optical Density (OD) read at λ 595 nm. The results showed that the oxytetracycline of 10%, 20% and 30% (μg / μL) had the antimicrobial abilities of 28.60% ± 13.23%; 36.30% ± 5.37%; and 57.70% ± 2.23%. In addition, The biofilm inhibitory capacity of oxytetracycline 10%, 20% and 30% (μg / μL) were 2.20% ± 8.77%; 2.70% ± 4.17%; and 3.73% ± 14.14%. Therefore, it can be concluded that the oxytetracycline had the ability to inhibit the biofilm of Staphylococcus aureus.

Dinamika Pertumbuhan Lactobacillus casei dan Karakteristik Susu Fermentasi Berdasarkan Suhu dan Lama Penyimpanan Siti Rani Ayuti; Nurliana Nurliana; Yurliasni Yurliasni; Sugito Sugito; Darmawi Darmawi
Jurnal Agripet Vol 16, No 1 (2016): Volume 16, N0. 1, April 2016
Publisher : Agricultural Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17969/agripet.v16i1.3476

ABSTRAK. Mutu susu fermentasi sangat dipengaruhi oleh bahan baku, proses pengolahan, proses fermentasi, dan penyimpanan. Perubahan nilai gizi dapat terjadi karena variasi dan fluktuasi suhu dan penyimpanan akan mempercepat kerusakan susu fermentasi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh suhu dan lama penyimpanan yang berbeda pada susu fermentasi terhadap pertumbuhan L. casei dan karakteristik susu fermentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial yang terdiri dari 2 faktor yaitu faktor A (suhu) terdiri dari a1=4-10C, a2=10-16C. Faktor B (lama penyimpanan) terdiri b1=0 hari b2=30 hari, b3=60 hari, b4=90 hari dan dianalisis meliputi jumlah total bakteri L. casei, nilai derajat keasaman (pH), kadar asam laktat, sineresis, dan kadar alkohol. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan suhu dan lama penyimpanan berpengaruh sangat nyata (P0.01) terhadap total bakteri, sineresis, kadar alkohol, asam laktat, tetapi pada pH terjadi interaksi antara suhu dan penyimpanan. Disimpulkan bahwa suhu dan lama penyimpanan dapat mengakibatkan pertumbuhan L. casei tidak stabil dan terjadinya perubahan karakteristik fisik susu fermentasi L. casei.(Growth dynamics of Lactobacillus casei and characteristics of milk fermentation based on temperature and storage time)ABSTRACT. Fermented milk quality is strongly influenced by raw materials, processing, fermentation and storage. Changes in nutritional value may occur due to variations and fluctuations in temperature and storage will accelerate damage fermented milk. The research aimed to study the effect of temperature and different storage length of fermented milk on the growth of L. casei and characteristics of fermented milk. The study used completely randomized design (CRD) with factorial pattern which are consisted of two factors. Factor A (storage temperature) they were a1=4-10C, a2=10-16C. Factor B (storage time) they were b1=0 days, b2=30 days, b3=60 days, b4=90 days and analyzed include the total number of bacteria L. casei, the value of the degree of acidity (pH), lactic acid levels, syneresis, and alcohol content. The results showed that the temperature and storage time was highly significant (P0.01) effect the total bacteria, syneresis, alcohol level, lactic acid level, and there was interaction between temperature and storage time on pH. It can conclude that the temperature and storage time affect the growth of L. casei unstable and changes in the physical characteristics of L. casei fermented milk.

Motilitas Ascaridia galli Dewasa dalam Larutan Ekstrak Etanol Biji Palem Putri (Veitchia merrillii) Ummu Balqis; Darmawi Darmawi; Maryam Maryam; Muslina Muslina; Abdullah Hamzah; Razali Daud; Muhammad Hambal; Rinidar Rinidar; Abdul Harris; Muttaqien Muttaqien; Azhar Azhar; Eliawardani Eliawardani
Jurnal Agripet Vol 16, No 1 (2016): Volume 16, N0. 1, April 2016
Publisher : Agricultural Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17969/agripet.v16i1.3022

ABSTRAK. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui motilitas Ascaridia galli dewasa dalam ekstrak etanol biji Veitchia merrillii. Ekstrak etanol V. merrillii dianalisis fitokimia. Sebanyak 16 ekor cacing A. galli dewasa dibagi kedalam empat kelompok. Cacing pada kelompok pertama adalah kelompok tanpa perlakuan. Cacing pada kelompok kedua diberi 0,6 mg/ml levamisole. Cacing pada masing-masing kelompok ketiga dan keempat diberi 50 dan 100 mg/ml crude ekstrak biji V. merrillii. Motilitas A. galli ditentukan dalam skor persentase setelah 12, 24, 36 jam dengan menggunakan kriteria: 3 (badan bergerak), 2 (hanya sebagian badan bergerak), 1 (tidak bergerak tetapi masih hidup), 0 (mati). Hasil fitokimia V. merrillii mengandung alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids. Ekstrak biji V. merrillii dosis 100 mg/ml secara in vitro dapat mempersingkat selama 12 jam waktu motilitas cacing A. galli dewasa. Penelitian ini mengindikasikan potensi anthelmintik berbasis herbal untuk pengendalian A. galli.(Motility of Ascaridia galli adult worms in vitro in ethanolic extracts of Nuts Veitchia merrillii)ABSTRACT. The purpose of this research was to know the motility of Ascaridia galli adult worms in aqueous ethanolic extracts of nuts Veitchia merrillii. The ethanolic extract of the V. merrillii was analyzed. Amount of sixteen head A. galli adult worms were divided into four groups. The first group, worms were left as un-treated normal controls. The second group, worms were treated with concentrations of 0,6 mg/ml levamisole. The third and fourth group, worms were treated with crude aqueous ethanolic extract of 50 and 100 mg/ml concentrations nuts of the V. merrillii, respectively. Motility of A. galli were determined after 12, 24, 36 hour by mean of persentage scored using the following criteria: 3 (moving whole body), 2 (moving only parts of the body), 1 (immobile but alive), and 0 (died). The result of phytochemical V. merrillii contains alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids. V. merrillii nuts extract concentrations of 100 mg/ml in vitro can shorten the time motility A. galli adult worms for 12 hours. The study indicated the potential for developing herbal-based anthelmintics to control A. galli.

Seroprevalensi Avian influenza H5N1 pada Unggas di Kabupaten Aceh Utara Darmawi Darmawi; Darniati Darniati; Maryulia Dewi; Fakhrurrazi Fakhrurrazi; Mahdi Abrar; Erina Erina
Jurnal Agripet Vol 13, No 2 (2013): Volume 13, No. 2, Oktober 2013
Publisher : Agricultural Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17969/agripet.v13i2.815

Seroprevalence of avian influenza H5N1 in birds in north aceh districtABSTRACT. Avian influenza virus H5N1 infections are an important cause of diseases in humans and several animal species, including birds. The present study conducted to investigate the seroprevalence Avian Influenza H5N1 in native birds from 15 sub-districts of North Aceh. This study utilized 1108 serum samples collected from the axilaris vein (left or right) of birds. The standard Hemaglutination Inhibition (HI) assay was conducted at Microbiology Laboratory Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Syiah Kuala University to determined serum antibody possitive or negative reaction against Avian influenza H5N1. The result showed that seroprevalence Avian influenza H5N1 virus was 4,7 % in North Aceh District. There were nine sub-districts were tested positively by HI test. However, the serum collected from six sub-districts did not react (negative) against Avian influenza H5N1. Based on the results we obtained, a conclusion that natural infection by Avian influenza virus in native birds occured in part of North Aceh District.

Peningkatan Titer Antibodi Terhadap Avian Influenza Dalam Serum Ayam Petelur yang Divaksin Dengan Vaksin Komersial Ummu Balqis; Muhammad Hambal; Mulyadi Mulyadi; Samadi Samadi; Darmawi Darmawi
Jurnal Agripet Vol 11, No 1 (2011): Volume 11, No. 1, April 2011
Publisher : Agricultural Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17969/agripet.v11i1.647

Increasing of antibody titre against avian influenza in serum of vaccinated laying hens with commercial vaccineABSTRACT. The advantages of vaccination are that it reduces the risk of infection, and concurrently reduces morbidity, mortality and shedding of virus. The goal of the present study was to evaluate efficacy of Avian Influenza commercial vaccine based on humoral immunity responses of laying hens. Totally, 20 breakel silver layer hens were used in this research. The laying hens were vaccinated using Avian Influenza commercial vaccine (H5N1). Blood samples were collected from the axilaris vein (left or rigt) one time at prevaccination and repeated three times with an interval of one month at postvaccination. Antibody titres were examined using Hemaglutination Inhibition (HI). The result showed that Avian Influenza commercial vaccine (H5N1) was a good protection because the vaccine was able to trigger protective humoral immunity of laying hens indicated by increasing of antibody titre in serum of vaccinated laying hens during three months.

Purifikasi Imunoglobulin Yolk Pada Ayam yang Divaksin terhadap Ekskretori/Sekretori Stadium L3 Ascaridia galli Darmawi Darmawi; Ummu Balqis; Risa Tiuria; Muhammad Hambal; Samadi Samadi
Jurnal Agripet Vol 10, No 2 (2010): Volume 10, No. 2, Oktober 2010
Publisher : Agricultural Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17969/agripet.v10i2.638

Purification yolk immunoglobulin of hens vaccinated against excretory/secretory Ascaridia galli L3 larvae stageABSTRACT. The main immunoglobulin fraction of poultry is called IgY, in order to distinguish it from the mammalian IgG. This article focus on purification yolk immunoglobulin of hens vaccinated against excretory/secretory Ascaridia galli larvae to obtained purity IgY. Active vaccinations with excretory/secretory antigen were applied intra muscularly of chickens with an initial dose of 80 g. The vaccinations were repeated three times with dose of each 60 g with an interval of one week. The first vaccinations were excretory/secretory antigen mixed with Fruend Adjuvant Complete and subsequently mixed with Freund Adjuvant Incomplete. Antibody response in yolk was detected at weekly intervals by agar gel precipitation test (AGPT). The chickens eggs were collected from 49 day after vaccinations. IgY was extracted from egg yolks by means of ammonium sulphate and purified using fast performance liquid chromatography (FPLC). The purity of anti-ekscretory/secretory IgY protein was determined by Bradford method ( = 280 nm). The result showed that antibody in yolk was begun detect with AGPT at four weeks after vaccination. IgY concentration after purification was 0,875 0.251 mg/ml. This study has shown that the product released in vitro by L3 stage A. galli is capable of stimulating humoral immunity by mean of producing antibody through yolk as biologic manufacturer could be a good choice.

Kajian Titer Antibodi Pada Yolk dari Ayam yang Diimunisasi Dengan Antigen Ekskretori/Sekretori Stadium L3 Ascaridia galli Darmawi Darmawi; Ummu Balqis; Risa Tiuria; Muhammad Hambal; Samadi Samadi
Jurnal Agripet Vol 8, No 2 (2008): Volume 8, No. 2, Oktober 2008
Publisher : Agricultural Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17969/agripet.v8i2.611

Evaluation of antibody titre in yolk from immunized chickens with excretory/secretory antigen of L3 stage of Ascaridia galliABSTRACT. The purpose of the present study was to trigger humoral immunity of chickens egg yolk exposed to excretory/secretory released in vitro by L3 stage of Ascaridia galli. Amount of 6 head chickens were divided into two groups. First group, the chickens were not immunized. Second group, the chickens were immunized with excretory/ secretory. Active immunizations with excretory/ secretory antigen were applied intra muscularly of chickens with an initial dose of 80 g. The immunizations were repeated three times with dose of each 60 g with an interval of one week. The first immunizations were excretory/secretory antigen mixed with Fruend Adjuvant Complete and subsequently mixed with Freund Adjuvant Incomplete. Antibody response in yolk was detected at weekly intervals by enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). The result showed that antibody in yolk was begun detect with ELISA increased at two weeks after immunization, This study has shown that the excretory/secretory released in vitro by L3 stage A. galli is capable of stimulating humoral immunity by mean of producing IgY in yolk.

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