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ETHNOBOTANICAL ANALYSIS OF PHYTONYMS AND PLANT-RELATED GLOSSES MENTIONED IN BUJANGGA MANIK, A PRE-ISLAMIC SUNDANESE TEXT (15TH CENTURY JAVA, INDONESIA) Dede Mulyanto; Budiawati Supangkat Iskandar; Johan Iskandar; Ira Indrawardana; Ari Abi Aufa
REINWARDTIA Vol 22, No 2 (2023): Volume 22, No 2 (2023): Reinwardtia
Publisher : Research Center for Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/reinwardtia.2023.4608

This study aimed to identify and analyze ethnobotanical data on phytonym, utilization, and cultural value of plants mentioned in an Old Sundanese text. Since plants are mentioned with their vernacular names, identification was based on an exhaustive bibliographical search of the respective scientific name. A comprehensive investigation led to the identification of a total of 85 Old Sundanese phytonyms, which represented vernacular names for 79 distinct plant species. Furthermore, by considering the number of identified species from the plant-related glosses, 93 species belonging to 57 genera and 44 plant families were registered. Among these plant families, Arecaceae (12 species), Poaceae (nine species), and Fabaceae (six species) exhibited the highest number of identified species. In addition to the phytonyms, 36 phytotoponyms, which utilize vernacular phytonyms to designate settlements, hermitages, ports, mountains, and rivers were identified. It was worth noting that the majority of the plants associated with these phytotoponyms were indigenous. Meanwhile, only 13 species were traced back to the pre-Columbian exchange period during the Austronesian migration and the Indianization-Sinicization era in IndoMalayan history. The result showed that the predominantly mentioned utilization included beverage production, textile manufacturing, vessel craftsmanship, betel quid preparation, perfume creation, and incense production. Among the identified species, Areca catechu emerges as the most frequently mentioned in the text, along with Graptophyllum pictum and Cordyline fruticosa, which were also considered as possessing profound spiritual value due to association with heavenly realms. Furthermore, the text highlighted that the production of plant-based fragrance products, also referenced in the celestial domain, held significant prominence in global trade during the 15th century

Ethnobotanical Knowledge on Vegetable Plants Among Traders in Ujungberung Market, Bandung, West Java Iskandar, Budiawati S.; Mulyanto, Dede; Iskandar, Johan; Yustiadi, Taufik
Media Konservasi Vol. 28 No. 3 (2023): Media Konservasi Vol 28 No 3 December 2023
Publisher : Department of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism - IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/medkon.28.3.296-304

Various edible plants, including vegetable are commonly traded in traditional markets of Indonesian cities. Three main objectives of this study: firstly, the elaborate local knowledge of traders on species and landraces of vegetable plants that are traded in the traditional market; secondly the origin supply of vegetable plants that are traded in the traditional market; and thirdly, the utilization of various vegetable plants that are traditionally used as the dietary diversity of the households. The research site was located in the Ujungberung traditional market, Bandung City, West Java. The mixed method of qualitative and quantitative with an ethnobotanical approach was applied in this research. The results of the study showed that based on local knowledge of the vegetable traders, it was documented that total 62 species and landraces representing 18 families of the vegetable plants were commonly traded. While based on a botanical taxonomy, it revealed 48 species representing 18 families. Of the 48 species, 9 species have landraces that are used as vegetable. Various vegetable plants that are commonly traded in the market come from the Bandung and surrounding areas. Traditionally, various vegetable plants are generally used as fresh vegetables and processed into special dishes. The benefit of this research is to development of ethnobotany science aspects, including the influence of human culture on edible plants traded in the traditional market of the cities.

PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP MANFAAT KEGIATAN URBAN FARMING Wulandari, Indri; Abdoellah, Oekan Soekotjo; Suparman, Yusep; Mulyanto, Dede; Basagevan, Rahma Maulia Fadli; Fianti, Nafa Destri
Kumawula: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol 6, No 2 (2023): Kumawula: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kumawula.v6i2.45634

Pangan merupakan kebutuhan mendasar bagi manusia. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pangan di wilayah perkotaan, umumnya mengandalkan hasil produksi pertanian dari wilayah pedesaan. Namun, hal ini menyebabkan alih fungsi lahan di wilayah pedesaan, yang berdampak pada penurunan kualitas lingkungan. Dengan demikian, masyarakat di wilayah perkotaan dituntut untuk dapat memenuhi kebutuhan pangannya sendiri. Upaya yang dapat dilakuakn ileh masyarakat perkotaan adalah dengan melakukan kegiatan urban farming. Disamping memberikan manfaat untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pangan sebagai bentuk ketahanan pangan, urban farming juga memberikan manfaat lain dan belum banyak dipahami oleh masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan penyuluhan ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memberikan atau meningkatkan pemahaman pada masyarakat terhadap manfat urban farming. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode campuran (mix method) antara metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data kualitatif adalah dengan wawancara mendalam pada informan dan untuk data kuantitatif dengan menyelenggarakan pre-test dan post-test pada responden, yang akhirnya dilakukan penilaian terhadap masing-masing tes. Masyarakat memahami pentingnya kegiatan pertanian untuk ketahanan pangan dan memiliki keingintahuan untuk melakukannya. Akan tetapi, masyarakat belum memahami manfaat kegiatan urban farming lainnya, selain untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pangan. Setelah dilakukan pemberian materi dan informasi mengenai tujuan dan manfaat urban farming, melalui skema penyuluhan, terjadi peningkatan pemahaman pada responden. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan meningkatnya hasil penilaian post-test dibandingkan pre-test sebesar 20%. Dengan mengikuti kegiatan penyuluhan ini masyarakat memahami bahwa urban farming penting untuk ketahanan pangan serta juga memberikan pendapatan rumah tangga dan meningkatkan kualitas lingkungan di wilayah perkotaan.

ETHNOBOTANICAL ANALYSIS OF PHYTONYMS AND PLANT-RELATED GLOSSES MENTIONED IN BUJANGGA MANIK, A PRE-ISLAMIC SUNDANESE TEXT (15TH CENTURY JAVA, INDONESIA) Mulyanto, Dede; Iskandar, Budiawati Supangkat; Iskandar, Johan; Indrawardana, Ira; Aufa, Ari Abi
REINWARDTIA Vol 22, No 2 (2023): Volume 22, No 2 (2023): Reinwardtia
Publisher : Research Center for Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/reinwardtia.2023.4608

This study aimed to identify and analyze ethnobotanical data on phytonym, utilization, and cultural value of plants mentioned in an Old Sundanese text. Since plants are mentioned with their vernacular names, identification was based on an exhaustive bibliographical search of the respective scientific name. A comprehensive investigation led to the identification of a total of 85 Old Sundanese phytonyms, which represented vernacular names for 79 distinct plant species. Furthermore, by considering the number of identified species from the plant-related glosses, 93 species belonging to 57 genera and 44 plant families were registered. Among these plant families, Arecaceae (12 species), Poaceae (nine species), and Fabaceae (six species) exhibited the highest number of identified species. In addition to the phytonyms, 36 phytotoponyms, which utilize vernacular phytonyms to designate settlements, hermitages, ports, mountains, and rivers were identified. It was worth noting that the majority of the plants associated with these phytotoponyms were indigenous. Meanwhile, only 13 species were traced back to the pre-Columbian exchange period during the Austronesian migration and the Indianization-Sinicization era in IndoMalayan history. The result showed that the predominantly mentioned utilization included beverage production, textile manufacturing, vessel craftsmanship, betel quid preparation, perfume creation, and incense production. Among the identified species, Areca catechu emerges as the most frequently mentioned in the text, along with Graptophyllum pictum and Cordyline fruticosa, which were also considered as possessing profound spiritual value due to association with heavenly realms. Furthermore, the text highlighted that the production of plant-based fragrance products, also referenced in the celestial domain, held significant prominence in global trade during the 15th century

DAM DEVELOPMENT AND FOOD SECURITY OF DIRECTLY AFFECTED HOUSEHOLDS: A CASE STUDY IN JATIGEDE DAM, SUMEDANG, WEST JAVA Suwartapradja, Opan Suhendi; Iskandar, Budiawati Supangkat; Mulyanto, Dede; Iskandar, Johan
Agrisocionomics: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Vol 8, No 2 (2024): June 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Science, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/agrisocionomics.v8i2.20702

The Jatigede Dam construction project has caused many residents in the inundation area of the Jatigede reservoir to move to new areas. The affected households by the Jatigede Dam in new places must adapt to obtain sources of income for food and other necessities. This research aims to elucidate the agroecosystem production, off-farm jobs, and food adequacy and food security of the affected people of Jatigede Dam in Jatimekar Hamlet, Jemah Village. The research method used was a combination of qualitative and quantitative. The results revealed that the affected households of the Jatigede Dam Development Project who live in Jatimekar Hamlet, Jemaah Village, have less agricultural land ownership such as rice fields, mixed gardens and home gardens than before the Jatigede Dam existed. Consequently, some of the affected households of Jatigede Dam, they are also involved in various off-farm jobs. Based on food security, it shows that the affected people of Jatigede Dam in Jatimekar Hamlet, Jemah Village are in a vulnerable condition, due to low family income, and farming also faces various problems, such as water scarcity in the dry season and agricultural inputs, such as inorganic fertilizers, pesticides, and plant seeds have high price.

MITIGASI PERUBAHAN IKLIM: PENGUATAN PENGETAHUAN DAN KAPASITAS MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH ORGANIK Wulandari, Indri; Abdoellah, Oekan S.; Suparman, Yusep; Mulyanto, Dede; Utama, Gemilang Lara
Kumawula: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol 7, No 3 (2024): Kumawula: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kumawula.v7i3.51351

Waste is something that is always produced daily. Therefore, its management is a challenge, both on a micro and macro scale. Human activities related to household waste management contribute to climate change and this is a concern for farmers, including urban farmers. Climate change that occurs can have a negative impact on agricultural activities. On the other hand, farmers also need to manage their urban agricultural land efficiently. This extension aims to increase public understanding of how to process household waste into liquid organic fertilizer independently. The method used is quantitative, using a questionnaire during the extension to assess community knowledge. The extension also demonstrated the processing of waste into liquid organic fertilizer, by showing simple tools, materials, and procedures. In addition, post-extension assistance was also provided to increase community capacity in managing waste into liquid organic fertilizer. The results showed that there was an increase in community knowledge regarding waste management. Ultimately, this initiative provides ongoing support to the community, helping them successfully process household organic waste into liquid organic fertilizer. Thus, the efforts made by the community in processing waste can potentially mitigate climate change. Sampah merupakan sesuatu yang selalu dihasilkan dalam kehidupan. Oleh karena itu, pengelolaannya menjadi tantangan, baik dalam skala mikro maupun makro. Aktivitas manusia terkait pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga berkontribusi terhadap perubahan iklim dan hal ini menjadi perhatian bagi para petani, termasuk petani perkotaan. Perubahan iklim yang terjadi dapat memberikan dampak negatif terhadap kegiatan pertanian. Di sisi lain, para petani juga perlu mengelola lahan pertanian perkotaannya secara efisien. Penyuluhan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat tentang cara mengolah sampah rumah tangga menjadi pupuk organik cair secara mandiri. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif, dengan menggunakan kuesioner saat penyuluhan untuk menilai pengetahuan masyarakat. Dalam penyuluhan juga didemonstrasikan pengolahan sampah menjadi pupuk organik cair, dengan memperlihatkan alat, bahan, dan prosedur sederhana. Disamping itu, juga dilakukan pendampingan pasca penyuluhan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas masyarakat dalam melakukan pengelolaan sampah menjadi pupuk organik cair. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat terkait pengelolaan sampah. Pada akhirnya, inisiatif ini memberikan dukungan berkelanjutan kepada masyarakat, membantunya berhasil memproses sampah organik rumah tangga menjadi pupuk organik cair. Dengan demikian, usaha yang dilakukan masyarakat dalam pengolahan sampah ini dapat berpotensi untuk memitigasi perubahan iklim.

Gathering Edible Wild Plants in a Mountain Village of West Java, Indonesia: Diversity of Species, Utilizations, and Local Perceptions Aulia, Shofia Azzahra; Mulyanto, Dede
Journal of Tropical Ethnobiology Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): July 2024
Publisher : The Ethnobiological Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46359/jte.v7i2.185

The main objective of this study was to collect local knowledge about edible wild plants among villagers in the mountainous region of West Java. Snowball sampling was used to identify informants who could be considered experts. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect ethnobotanical data. A total of 88 species of edible wild plants belonging to 70 genera and 45 plant families were recorded. Of these, approximately one-tenth belong to the Asteraceae family. More than half of the plants are herbaceous. The parts of each species considered food vary, from the vegetative structures to the immature reproductive organs. Fruits and leaves are mostly used. Most of the plants listed are eaten raw. Only half of all species are native. The remaining half is made up of exotic species. Among the exotic species, neophytes outnumber archaeophytes. 23 species of wild plants treat 22 medical conditions. Only 13 plants were available for sale in the local markets. In general, knowledge about edible wild plants is preserved among a small group of custodians and may be declining due to socio-economic and cultural changes, especially the development of tourism and the perception that wild plants are famine food which, in turn, associated with poverty.

FLORA OF ANCIENT JAVA: IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIES, LANDSCAPE DISTRIBUTION, AND CULTURAL ASSOCIATION OF PLANTS MENTIONED IN OLD JAVANESE RAMAYANA MULYANTO, DEDE; ISKANDAR, BUDIAWATI SUPANGKAT; ISKANDAR, JOHAN; WIYANTI, DEDE TRESNA
REINWARDTIA Vol 23, No 2 (2024): Reinwardtia
Publisher : Research Center for Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/reinwardtia.2024.4821

We searched the Old Javanese Ramayana as historical ethnobotanical resource and identified all references to plants and their biological references. Our analysis of plant names, landscape distributions, uses, and cultural associations in Java more than 1,000 years ago, includes trees and shrubs that appear in descriptions of landscapes, urban environments, forest hermitages, and uninhabited forested mountains. Of the 2,802 stanzas, only 198 stanzas (7.06%) mention plant names, with a total of 466 plant citations. Of all plant citations, we found 232 Old Javanese plant names, of which 230 had botanical references identified. These identified plant names refer to 204 spe-cies belonging to 76 plant families. The plant families with the most described species are Fabaceae (20 species), Po-aceae (11 species), and Moraceae (11 species). Of the 204 species identified, 114 are native to Java Island, 90 are non-native plants. Of the 232 Old Javanese plant names, 190 (81.89%) are of Javanese origin or have Proto-Austronesian or Proto-Malayo-Polynesian roots and show lexical similarity to the plant names in modern languages closely related to the Javanese. The plant species with the highest SDR value related to landscape description are the non-native plants Saraca asoca and Mangifera indica. The author of Old Javanese Ramayana not only knows the names of many plants and their uses, but also the characteristics of plants such as size, colour, taste, and habitat. The discovery con-firms previous scholar’s speculation that while the place names in the Old Javanese epics are Indian, the botanic ele-ments of these places is primarily Javanese

Local knowledge of the Sundanese community on traditional foods to enhance the family food security Iskandar, Budiawati Supangkat; Iskandar, Johan; Mulyanto, Dede; Aliifah , Felicia
ETNOSIA : Jurnal Etnografi Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Hasanuddin University.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31947/etnosia.v8i1.24461

Sundanese people in rural West Java have a rich the local knowledge on a variety of traditional foods. However, studies on the local knowledge of Sundanese rural communities on the variety of traditional foods are still rare. The objective of this article is to elucidate the local knowledge of Cijambu Village community, Tanjungsari Sub-district, Sumedang District, West Java, on the traditional foods. The method used in this study was qualitative with Gastronomic Ethnobiological approach. It may be defined as the study of the complex interactions between human societies, food, and their environment. The result of study showed that there are at least 26 types of traditional foods that are usually created by the local community of Cijambu Village. The producing of a variety of traditional foods is based on local knowledge of the rural people as a result of inheritance from one generation to another. The basic ingredients for creating a variety of traditional foods are mainly used various plants that are produced from village agroecosystem. At least 39 species of plants representing 21 families are predominantly used to create 26 types of traditional food of Cijambu village community. Almost all of those plants are obtained from the production of various village agroecosystems of Cijambu, including homegarden, upland field, and wet-rice fields. The existence of a variety of traditional foods in rural areas, in addition to maintaining the identity of the village traditional food cultures, is also important to support food security in rural areas.

FLORA OF ANCIENT JAVA: IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIES, LANDSCAPE DISTRIBUTION, AND CULTURAL ASSOCIATION OF PLANTS MENTIONED IN OLD JAVANESE RAMAYANA MULYANTO, DEDE; ISKANDAR, BUDIAWATI SUPANGKAT; ISKANDAR, JOHAN; WIYANTI, DEDE TRESNA
REINWARDTIA Vol 23, No 2 (2024): Reinwardtia
Publisher : Research Center for Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/reinwardtia.2024.4821

We searched the Old Javanese Ramayana as historical ethnobotanical resource and identified all references to plants and their biological references. Our analysis of plant names, landscape distributions, uses, and cultural associations in Java more than 1,000 years ago, includes trees and shrubs that appear in descriptions of landscapes, urban environments, forest hermitages, and uninhabited forested mountains. Of the 2,802 stanzas, only 198 stanzas (7.06%) mention plant names, with a total of 466 plant citations. Of all plant citations, we found 232 Old Javanese plant names, of which 230 had botanical references identified. These identified plant names refer to 204 spe-cies belonging to 76 plant families. The plant families with the most described species are Fabaceae (20 species), Po-aceae (11 species), and Moraceae (11 species). Of the 204 species identified, 114 are native to Java Island, 90 are non-native plants. Of the 232 Old Javanese plant names, 190 (81.89%) are of Javanese origin or have Proto-Austronesian or Proto-Malayo-Polynesian roots and show lexical similarity to the plant names in modern languages closely related to the Javanese. The plant species with the highest SDR value related to landscape description are the non-native plants Saraca asoca and Mangifera indica. The author of Old Javanese Ramayana not only knows the names of many plants and their uses, but also the characteristics of plants such as size, colour, taste, and habitat. The discovery con-firms previous scholar’s speculation that while the place names in the Old Javanese epics are Indian, the botanic ele-ments of these places is primarily Javanese

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