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The Effect of Build Orientation on Liquid Absorption and Wear of 3D-Printed Denture Materials Ikhlas, Muhammad; Cahyono, Sukmaji Indro; Prayoga, Benidiktus Tulung; Dharmastiti, Rini; Arifvianto, Budi; Mahardika, Muslim
IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Pusat Publikasi Ilmiah, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Up till now, denture has been widely used for resolving dental problems, especially those due to attrition. The attrition of tooth enamel could lead to wear and lowering the functions of normal teeth. So far, denture is made conventionally by using heat curing method in a mold. However, the complex geometries of teeth and oral cavity has led to the use of the more advanced techniques, such as additive manufacturing. In this research, the denture material fabricated by using digital light processing (DLP) additive manufacturing was studied in term of their liquid absorption capability and wear behavior. The specimen was printed with three build orientations, namely 0°/180°, 90°/90°, and 45°/135°. These are the degree between printing direction against sliding direction. An immersion and wear test were carried out in artificial saliva liquid. The result showed the lowest weight gain and dimensional change in the specimens printed with 90°/90° and 45°/135°. Meanwhile, the specimens prepared with build orientation of 0°/180° or printed with layer parallel to sliding direction demonstrated the smallest value of wear factor, indicating a better wear resistance compared to the others. A visual examination of the worn surface indicated delamination, abrasion and cracking as the possible wear mechanisms of the printed denture materials.
Analysis of Fire Protection System Requirements in Onshore Oil and Gas Exploration and Production Gathering Stations Bening Pahli, Joewan; Dharmastiti, Rini
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains
Publisher : CV. Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/jiss.v7i3.2227

Abstract

This research aims to evaluate and analyze the technical requirements of the fire protection system at the facility to ensure compliance with international safety standards and actual field conditions. The theoretical framework and evaluation instruments are based on National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) standards, including NFPA 11 (Foam Systems), NFPA 15 (Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection), NFPA 20 (Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection), and NFPA 2001 (Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems), as well as standards from the American Petroleum Institute (API), such as API 2030 and API RP 2001. The research methodology uses an applied case study with a quantitative technical approach, consisting of field data collection, fire zone classification, determination of worst-case fire scenarios, and hydraulic calculations for water, foam, and pump pressure requirements. The analysis classifies the M-8 Gathering Station into eight fire zones, with Fire Zone 1 (Crude Oil Storage Tank Area) identified as the critical design case, having the highest fire-water demand of 1,195 GPM. The infrastructure analysis shows that the water pond capacity of 1,386 m³ and foam tank capacity of 5,151 liters are sufficient to meet a four-hour operational requirement. Hydraulic analysis indicates a required pump discharge pressure of 132.43 psig to ensure effective fire suppression. The study concludes that the designed fire protection system meets safety standards and recommends the installation of appropriate nozzles and clean agent systems to enhance fire safety and operational reliability at Gathering Station M-8.
Marigold Flower (Tagates erecta L.) as a Natural Yellow Food Colorant: Extraction Optimization and Stability Assessment Mukmin Sapto Pamungkas; Daffa Rafli Afrizal; Edia Rahayuningsih; Meiga Putri Wahyu Hardhianti; Rini Dharmastiti
Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik dan Sains Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): April : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik dan Sains (JITS)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat AKIPBA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62278/jits.v3i3.112

Abstract

Marigold flowers (Tagetes erecta L.) are especially rich in carotenoids and are widely used as natural yellow food colorants. Previous studies on extracting carotenoids from marigolds mainly relied on single-factor methods, with limited focus on variable interactions or extract stability. This study aimed to optimize extraction conditions using response surface methodology and to assess the stability of the carotenoid extract during storage with commercial salt and sugar. Following four days drying of fresh marigold flower petals in the laboratory with air convection, extraction was carried out using either a Soxhlet extractor or a three neck round bottom flask (extraction). The total amounts of flavonoids, phenolics, and carotenoids in the fresh flower material were determined initially by using visible spectroscopy. A Central Composite Design (CCD) with a two-factor interaction (2FI) model was used to optimize extraction conditions, considering three variables: pH, temperature, and time. The coefficient of determination (R2) was 80.25%. The best extraction conditions were pH 5.9, 62.9 °C, and 67.1 minutes, resulting in a TCC of 3490 mg/100 g DW with a desirability of 1.000. Carotenoids showed greater stability in the presence of 2% citric acid or 3% salt, while 3% sugar reduced stability during 76 hours of storage.
Co-Authors A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Abdullah, Muhammad J.Q. Amalia Kiswandari Andi Rahadiyan Wijaya, Andi Rahadiyan Ardiyanto Ardiyanto Arfan Fadilah Aria Fransiska Bambang Moyoretno Bambang Moyoretno, Bambang Benidiktus Tulung Prayoga Bening Pahli, Joewan Budi Arifvianto Catur Septommy Chancard Basumerda Daffa Rafli Afrizal Darmanto Darmanto Dewi Arsih Sulistiani Dhirga Harisa Edia Rahayuningsih Fadilah, Arfan Fajar Shodiq Permata Fitrianto, Taufik Ramadhan Frenky Satria Handoko Handoko Hapsoro Agung Jatmiko Hilya Mudrika Arini Ibnu Al-Taufiq Indah Pratiwi Indarto Indarto Indriany, Emmy Kurniasari, Fitri Leny Yuliatun Lientje Setyawati Lientje Setyawati Lusiana Pane Marcellino Aditya Mahendra Marsetyawan HNE Soesatyo Meiga Putri Wahyu Hardhianti Melita Puspitasari Mohammad Juffrie, Mohammad Muhamad Adhitya Nugroho Muhammad Ikhlas Muhammad Mirandy Pratama Sirat Mukmin Sapto Pamungkas Munim, Yulianda Sakinah Munim, Yulianda Sakinah Muslim Mahardika Nur Kaliwantoro Nuryono Nuryono Pararta, Wilhelmus A. Pipin Dwi Kartikasari Purnomo Purnomo Purnomo Purnomo Rahadyan Magetsari Rahmatika S, Devi Dwi Resti Efrata Eka Rethy Den Rina Susilowati Rusdaniaji, Danarwan Salim, Urip A. Salim, Urip Agus Salsabila, Zulfi Fathiya Saputro, Oktiyanto A. Setiyani, Rezki Siti Lestariningsih Siti Lestariningsih, Siti Siti Sunarintyas Sri Budi Barunawati Sukmaji Indro Cahyono, Sukmaji Indro Suprihatin Suprihatin Suyitno Suyitno Suyitno Suyitno Suyitno Suyitno W. Widjijono Wardoyo, Christianus Pigun Widasari, Putri Pratiwi Wijaya, Andi Rahadyan Yulianda Sakinah Munim