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Journal : lentera perawat

Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Holistic Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale (HDSES) in Indonesia Saltar, La Ode; Sahar, Junaiti; Etty, Rekawati; Ayubi, Dian; Akbar, M Agung
Lentera Perawat Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Lentera Perawat
Publisher : School of Health Sciences Al-Ma'arif

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52235/lp.v3i2.756

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus requires consistent self-management, and successful disease control is strongly influenced by patients’ self-efficacy in performing daily care behaviors. Existing instruments mainly emphasize behavioral and treatment-related aspects and may not adequately capture broader holistic dimensions, including psychosocial adaptation and spiritual coping.Objective: This study aimed to develop and psychometrically evaluate the Holistic Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale (HDSES) among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Indonesia.Methods: This methodological study followed four stages of instrument development, namely construct definition, item pool generation, scale design, and psychometric evaluation. The HDSES was conceptualized across six dimensions: nutrition, physical exercise, treatment adherence, blood glucose check, psychosocial adaptation, and spiritual coping. The initial questionnaire consisted of 30 items and was reviewed by three nurse lecturers specializing in diabetic care. Data were collected from patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the working areas of public health centers in Kendari City using simple random sampling. The final instrument consisted of 28 items rated on a five-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (very uncertain) to 5 (very confident). Validity was assessed using Pearson correlation, and reliability was examined using Cronbach’s alpha.Results: The findings showed that all six HDSES dimensions demonstrated adequate item validity and good internal consistency. The dimensions of nutrition, physical exercise, treatment adherence, blood glucose check, psychosocial adaptation, and spiritual coping were all found to be valid and reliable for assessing holistic diabetes self-efficacy.Conclusion: The HDSES is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring holistic diabetes self-efficacy among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Indonesia. The scale may support more comprehensive nursing assessment, health education, and tailored interventions in primary care settings.
Co-Authors Adhanty, Shania Adriani, Miranda Agung Waluyo Akbar, M. Agung Alfiandary, Amalia Ratna Allenidekania Allenidekania Alwi, Puspita Amirudin, Ikhwan Amrul Hasan Anshari, Dien Aprilianti, Ririn Citra Ardi Findyartini, Ardi Ari Purwohandoyo Astuti Yuni Nursasi Belinda Meliana Elisabet Bernand Gamaliel Fa Atulo Bowalaksono, Anom Bunga Pelangi Citra Trisna Dahlia, Debie - Damayanthie, Nasriah Danang Wahansa Sugiarto Dayan Hisni Dewi Gemilang Sari Diantha Soemantri Dwiyantama, Yusuf Donner Edy Gunawan Edy Gunawan, Edy Ella Nurlaella Hadi Ellya Niken Prastiwi Endah Purwanti Endang Purwaningsih Endro Dwi Iswanto Ervina, Lissa Etty, Rekawati Evi Martha Fa Atulo, Bernand Gamaliel Fadilla Rizky Prameshwari Galuh Meifika Fathiyani Giri Inayah Abdullah Giri Inayah Abdullah Hanny Handiyani Ifroh, Riza Hayati Isnaeni, Ineu Julia Christy Labetubun Junaiti Sahar Karimah Azzahra Karjoso, Tri Krianto Khairunnisa’, Rifdah Yuri Krisna Yetti Lutfiah Lutfiah Marfian, Kenvin Mayangsari, Awallokita Mirnawaty Muhammad, Banu Nani Nurhaeni Nasruddin Nasruddin Nur Fadhilah, Alifah Nuraeni Nurdianaturrahma Budi Rahayu Pakpahan, Martina Paramita Boni Lestari Pertiwi, Sarah Islamiati Pradana Soewondo Putri, Tsalitsa Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika Raya Faiha Calista Reza Pertiwi Ria Andriani Riza Hayati Ifroh Rooslanda, Elfrida Rostiani Dewi Saltar, La Ode Santi Purna Sari Seilatu, Hestilin Kartini Shania Adhanty Sugiarto, Danang Wahansa Tri Krianto Trisni Handayani Trisni Handayani, Trisni Untung Sujianto Warsito, Tri Danu Y Yulianti