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EVOLUSI KEJAHATAN DAN PEMIDANAAN: TANTANGAN DALAM PENEGAKAN HUKUM DAN PENOLOGI MODERN: The Evolution of Crime and Punishment: Challenges in Law Enforcement and Modern Penology Situmeang, Sahat Maruli Tua; Meilan, Krusitha
Res Nullius Law Journal Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): Volume 7 No. 2 Juli 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Komputer Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34010/rnlj.v7i2.15913

Abstract

Perkembangan bentuk dan pola kejahatan di era digital telah memunculkan tantangan serius bagi sistem hukum pidana dan penologi modern. Kejahatan tidak lagi bersifat konvensional, melainkan meluas menjadi kejahatan siber dan transnasional yang kompleks, terorganisir, dan seringkali melintasi yurisdiksi negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji evolusi konsep pemidanaan dari pendekatan represif menuju pendekatan yang lebih humanis melalui rehabilitasi dan keadilan restoratif. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka (library research) dengan pendekatan normatif dan deskriptif-analitis, melalui analisis literatur hukum, regulasi, dan studi empiris yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem pemidanaan masa kini dituntut untuk lebih adaptif terhadap perubahan bentuk kejahatan, dengan menekankan nilai-nilai keadilan substantif, proporsionalitas, dan perlindungan hak asasi manusia. Pendekatan pemidanaan yang integratif dan kolaboratif, baik secara nasional maupun internasional, menjadi kunci dalam menjawab tantangan kompleksitas kejahatan modern. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan reformasi kebijakan pemidanaan yang tidak hanya menitikberatkan pada pembalasan, tetapi juga pada pemulihan sosial, rehabilitasi pelaku, dan keadilan bagi korban.  
The Role of the Community in Strengthening the Functionsof Witness and Victim Protection Agencies in Indonesia Situmeang, Sahat Maruli Tua; Pane, Musa Darwin; Mile, Tiara; Rachim, Rizal Aulia
LEGAL BRIEF Vol. 13 No. 4 (2024): October: Law Science and Field
Publisher : IHSA Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/legal.v13i4.1084

Abstract

Active community engagement and participation in witness and victim protection programs in Indonesia remain low due to a lack of understanding of program benefits and difficulties accessing information. This study aims to identify the primary barriers and develop strategies to enhance community participation in the witness and victim protection programs managed by the Witness and Victim Protection Agency (LPSK). A descriptive-qualitative research method was employed, utilizing primary data collected through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, along with secondary data from official documents and literature reviews. The findings indicate that reforming communication strategies, utilizing digital platforms, and strengthening partnerships with civil society organizations and higher education institutions can address these barriers. The implications of this research highlight the need for adapting informational materials to local contexts and improving information accessibility to bolster community participation. These recommendations aim to enhance program effectiveness and ensure the benefits are maximized for the community
Adequacy of Indonesian Cybercriminal Law Against Generative AI-Based Social Engineering Attacks Sahat Maruli Tua Situmeang; Diah Pudjiastuti; Sutarjo
Res Nullius Law Journal Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Volume 6 No 1 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Komputer Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34010/rnlj.v6i1.19927

Abstract

The rapid proliferation of generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies has significantly amplified the sophistication and scale of social engineering attacks, posing unprecedented challenges to legal systems worldwide, including Indonesia. This article examines whether the existing Indonesian cyber criminal law framework primarily Law No. 11 of 2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions (UU ITE) as amended by Law No. 1 of 2024, along with Law No. 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection (UU PDP) and the new Criminal Code (KUHP 2023) is adequate to address AI-driven social engineering attacks such as deepfake-assisted phishing, AI-generated vishing, and automated pretexting schemes. Employing a normative legal research methodology with a comparative approach, this study analyses the applicable legal provisions against the technical characteristics of generative AI-enabled social engineering and compares Indonesia’s regulatory posture with the European Union’s AI Act and the United States’ sector-based frameworks. The findings reveal three critical legislative gaps: the absence of AI-specific criminal provisions, insufficient evidentiary standards for AI-generated content, and inadequate mechanisms for attributing criminal liability in multi-actor AI-mediated offences. This article concludes that Indonesia’s current legal framework is structurally inadequate and recommends the enactment of a dedicated AI Criminal Liability Law and targeted amendments to the UU ITE to incorporate AI-specific definitional, evidentiary, and liability provisions commensurate with the contemporary threat landscape.
Perlindungan Hukum Korban Kejahatan Siber dalam Tindak Pidana Perjudian Online di Indonesia Sahat Maruli Tua Situmeang; Wahyudi Wahyudi; Musa Darwin Pane
Birokrasi: JURNAL ILMU HUKUM DAN TATA NEGARA Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Birokrasi: JURNAL ILMU HUKUM DAN TATA NEGARA
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Administrasi (STIA) Yappi Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/birokrasi.v2i1.1942

Abstract

Online gambling in Indonesia has become a massive cybercrime, with financial turnover reaching IDR 976.8 trillion during 2017–2025. Behind these figures lie individual and family victims suffering material and immaterial losses, yet they are often positioned as offenders rather than protected parties. This study aims to analyze the legal framework for protecting online gambling victims, identify juridical and factual constraints in its implementation, and formulate an ideal protection model. The research employs a normative juridical method with statutory, case, and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that Indonesian positive law does not recognize online gambling players as "victims" entitled to restitution and rehabilitation; instead, they face criminal threats under Article 303 bis of the Criminal Code and Article 27 of the ITE Law. Key constraints include the absence of an explicit definition, social stigma, weak recovery mechanisms, and minimal inter-agency coordination. This study recommends regulatory revision to distinguish between operators and victim-players, expansion of the victim definition under the Witness and Victim Protection Law (UU LPSK), and the establishment of integrated complaint and rehabilitation services under the coordination of the Ministry of Communication and Informatics (Kemenkominfo) and BSSN.