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All Journal Resona : Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian Masyarakat Jurnal Sains Agribisnis Jurnal Agribis SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah JIA (Jurnal Ilmiah Agribisnis) : Jurnal Agribisnis dan Ilmu Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Indonesian Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Analytics Maneggio Agricultural Power Journal
Amruddin Amruddin
Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar
Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Health Professions Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Physics Social Sciences Veterinary

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Livelihood Strategies of Porang Farming Households in Bontolempangan Village, Bontolempangan Sub-district, Gowa Regency, Indonesia Nurwahidah Nurwahidah; Jumiati Jumiati; Nadir Nadir; Amruddin Amruddin; Firmansyah Firmansyah
Indonesian Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Analytics Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): July 2026
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/ijaea.v5i2.16244

Abstract

Porang cultivation is characterized by delayed economic returns and high exposure to market and climate uncertainties, requiring farming households to adopt adaptive livelihood strategies. Understanding how households manage income volatility and welfare stability in such conditions is critical for rural development policy. This study examines how porang-farming households in Bontolempangang Village construct and organize their livelihood strategies to manage risk, stabilize income, and reduce vulnerability. Using a qualitative case-study approach, the study analyzes household livelihood structures, income sources, and adaptive strategies across on-farm, off-farm, and non-farm sectors. Data were examined through a sustainable livelihoods framework to identify patterns of diversification and risk management. The findings reveal that livelihood patterns are multi-stranded and risk-oriented. Households adopt adaptive strategies grounded in a combination of multiple income sources, including: (i) agricultural livelihood engineering (intensification and extensification), (ii) occupational and institutional diversification, and (iii) spatial strategies such as temporary/circular migration and remittances. Agriculture remains the primary livelihood base, with maize functioning as a short-cycle cash-flow bridge, rice as a subsistence anchor with marketable surplus, and cattle raising as a precautionary liquid asset. These strategies are reinforced by off-farm bamboo crafts and non-farm income (e.g., construction work and village institutional honoraria), which improve cash-flow stability and facilitate consumption smoothing. Porang-farming households construct resilient livelihood systems through strategic diversification and cross-sectoral income buffering. The integration of agricultural and non-agricultural activities serves as an adaptive mechanism to manage delayed returns and mitigate economic vulnerability under uncertain market and environmental conditions.
Co-Authors A. St. Fatmawaty Ahmad Syafii Akbar Akbar Alfira Nurafni Kaharuddin Amin, Jumiati Anis Noviya Ardi Rumallang Ayu Cahya Ningsih Dzulfitri Ramadhani Kadir Erina Riak Asie Firayani Firayani Firmansyah Firmansyah Hanny Hafiar Mohammad Natsir Muh Ikmal Saleh Nadir Nadir Nadir Nadir Nurdin Nurdin Nurwahidah Nurwahidah Olyvia Rosalia Sadly Ashari Said Sahara Sahara Siti Wardah Sri Mardiyanti Sumarni Baking