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Reduction of Formaldehyde Emission from Phenol Formaldehyde Treated Oil Palm Wood through Improvement of Resin Curing State Mohamad Amarullah; Edi S. Bakar; Zaidon Ashaari; Mohd. H. Sahri; Fauzi Febrianto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 8, No 1 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/jitkt.v8i1.504

Abstract

Oil palm wood (OPW) has several imperfections, and impregnation with low molecular- weight phenol formaldehyde resin through a modified compreg method can practically enhance these properties. The treated OPW, however,  releases  a considerable  amount  of free formaldehyde and thus is unhealthy for the human being. To make it applicable  for indoor material, formaldehyde emission (FE) should  be lowered  to 0.1 ppm  or lower. The FE level of the treated OPW was reduced from 0.3 to 0.1 ppm or lower by improving the resin curing state through two approaches, i.e. modifying the hot pressing compression schedule during the process and adopting an extended drying after the process. It is acknowledged that the extended drying gave more effect on the FE reduction than that of modifying hot-pressing schedule. The combination pressing  schedule  of 12.5%®25%®50% and extended drying of 48 h emits the lowest, safe formaldehyde of 0.08-0.10 ppm, which is considered  safe  according  to  American  National  Standard Institute (ANSI) standard. The improving resin curing state through modifying the hot pressing schedule and adopting extended drying could be used as a practical  way to reduce the FE level of the treated OPW to a safe level suitable for various furniture and indoor applications.
Properties Enhancement of Rubber Wood Particleboard Laminated with Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) Resin Fauzi Febrianto; See P Hwee; Ching K Man; Wahyu Hidayat
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 10, No 2 (2012): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (176.26 KB) | DOI: 10.51850/jitkt.v10i2.118

Abstract

The main weaknesses of particleboard are that it has a lower strength and a lower dimensional stability compared to solid wood. Therefore, in order to gain excellent properties prior to be used, it needs some treatments, i.e., resin thermoplastic laminated. The objectives of this study were to improve the physical and mechanical properties of rubber wood particleboard laminated with low density ethylene (LDPE) resin. Rubber wood particleboard was laminated with 4 different concentrations of LDPE resins (i.e., 5, 10, 15, and 20%). The physical and mechanical properties of board were evaluated both in dry and wet states. The results indicated that the dimensional stability of board after laminated with LDPE resin showed significant improvement in term of water absorption and thickness swelling. Modulus of rupture and srew resistant of resulted particle board were increased with addition of LDPE resin. Modulus of elasticity and surface hardness of the particleboard were slightly decreased with addition of LDPE resin. The intenal bond was unchanged. The best treatment was found on lamination the surface of particleboard with 5% LDPE resin. All the physical and mechanical properties of particleboard laminated with 5% LDPE resin met the requirements of JIS A 5908-2003 standard.Key words: dimensional stabilization, low density polyethylene, mechanical properties, particleboard
Sifat Anti Jamur Kayu Kupa (Syzygium polycephalum (Mig)) (Antifungal Properties of Kupa Wood (Syzygium polycephalum Mig.)) Renhart Jemi; Wasrin Syafii; Fauzi Febrianto; Muhammad Hanafi
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 8, No 2 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (579.91 KB) | DOI: 10.51850/jitkt.v8i2.224

Abstract

The objectives of this research were to evaluate the extractive substances of heartwood of Kupa wood (Syzygium polycephalum (Mig)) and its potention as bio-active substance to wood destroying fungi i.e., Schizophyllum commune Fr and Pleurotus sp. Successive extraction method was used in this experiment. The heartwood part was then converted into 40 mesh wood flour and followed by extraction using methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-hexane and buthanol solvents. The extractives obtained were subjected to wood destroying fungi S. commune and Pleurotus sp. The results indicated that the extractive content of S. polychephalum mostly dominated by substance diluted in chloroform (2.87%), followed by ethyl acetate (0.38%), n-hexane (0.33%) and buthanol (0.05%). All the wood extracts of S. polychephalum potentially contain anti-fungal compound to inhibit the growth of S. commune Fr and Pleurotus sp fungi. N-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of S. polychephalum are the most active extracts. Isolation of ethyl acetate fraction resulted in nine (9) active compounds (G.1-G.9) that could inhibit the growth both S. commune and Pleurotus sp with IC(50) values 49.33-61.71 ppm and 48.84-64.61 ppm, respectively. It was found that G.2 compound of ethyl acetate has anti fungal substance namely 3-O-glucosyl-3’,4’ 5-trihydroxyflavonol.
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Particleboard Made from Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) Fruit Hulls Reinforced with Wood Particle Apri H Iswanto; Fauzi Febrianto; Yusuf Sudo Hadi; Surdiding Ruhendi; Dede Hermawan
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 10, No 2 (2012): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (177.937 KB) | DOI: 10.51850/jitkt.v10i2.109

Abstract

The objective of this research was to evaluate the properties of particleboard made from mixtures of jatropha fruit hulls (JFH) and wood particle in several mixture ratios. JFH, and mangium wood (Acacia mangium Wild) particle were untreated and treated with 1% acetic acid solution for 24 h. Urea formaldehyde (UF) resin with 10% resin content (SC: 63%) was used as binder. The ratio of JFH and wood particles were set at 100:0, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50, and 0:100. The target density of particleboard was set at 0.70 g cm-3. The temperature and pressure of hot pressing were set at 130 ºC and 2.544 N mm-2 for 10 minutes. The physical and mechanical properties of particleboard were evaluated according to JIS A 5908-2003 standard. The result indicated that addition of untreated mangium wood particle onto JFH particles improved mechanical properties of board especially modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) parameters. However, the internal bond (IB) parameter was found to decrease with addition of wood particle. The higher amount of wood particle added resulted in the better the MOR and MOE parameters. Addition of acetic acid treated mangium wood particle onto JFH particleboard resulted in lower physical and mechanical properties.Key words: Jatropha curcas, fruit hulls, particleboard, wood particle
Natural Durability of Nine Woods Species Grown in Dramaga Campus Bogor Agricultural University against Termite Attacked fauzi Febrianto; Andi Z Pranata; Arinana Arinana; Adiyantara Gumilang
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 11, No 1 (2013): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (426.818 KB) | DOI: 10.51850/jitkt.v11i1.100

Abstract

The objective of this research was to evaluate the natural durability of nine Indonesia lesser known species against subterranean termite (Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren) and dry wood termite (Cryptotermes cynocephalus Light) attacked grown in Dramaga campus, Bogor Agricultural University. Sap and hearth wood parts of mangium, durian, nangka, angsana, afrika, rukam, trembesi, bisbul, and ki sampang woods with diameter around 13-30 cm were used in this experiment. Evaluation of natural durability of wood referred to SNI 01-7207-2006. The hearth wood of nangka wood was the most durable wood against C. curvignathus attacked and it was classified into 2nd class. Bisbul, rukam and trembesi woods both sap and herath wood and heart wood of angsana wood were classified into 3rd class. Mangium and afrika woods both sap and hearth woods were classified into 4th class. Ki sampang and durian woods both sap and hearth woods and sap wood of nangka and angsana woods were classified into 5th class. All the 9 woods species (i.e. rukam, bisbul, mangium, ki sampang, afrika, nangka, durian, angsana and trembesi woods) both sap and hearth wood parts were moderately resistance to C. cynocephalus and they were classified into 3rd class.Key words: dry wood termite, hearth wood, lesser known species, natural durability, sap wood, subterranean termite
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Samama Wood (Antocephalus macropylus Roxb.) Grown in Mollucas Island Tekat D Cahyono; Syarif Ohorella; Fauzi Febrianto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 10, No 1 (2012): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (229.039 KB) | DOI: 10.51850/jitkt.v10i1.123

Abstract

People are less interest to the fast growing species since the quality is inferior compared to commercial wood. A research has been done to identify the physical and mechanical properties of samama wood (Antocephalus macrophylus (Roxb.)) from Mollucas island. Eight years old samama wood with diameter of 30 - 45 cm and height of 8 – 11 meter were used as samples. The parameters measured were moisture content (MC), specific gravity (SG), tangential and radial shrinkages, bending strength (MOR and MOE), tension and compression strengths parallel to grain and hardness. The result showed that the MC of samama wood decreased from bottom to upper and from outer to inner parts, while SG decreased from bottom to upper and from inner to outer part. Tangential and radial shrinkages of samama wood were much affected by vertical position. The MOE and MOR of samama wood decreased from bottom to upper part, while tension and compression strengths parallel to grain direction decreased form inner to outer part. On the other hand, hardness of samama wood decreased from bottom to upper and from inner to outer parts. Based on PKK NI5-1961 classification, samama wood belonged to strength class of III and IV.Key words: mechanical properties, Mollucas Island, physical properties, samama wood
Pengaruh Perlakuan Steam pada Strand dan Shelling Ratio terhadap Sifat Fisis dan Mekanis Oriented Strand Board Bambu (Effect of Steam Treatment on Strand and Shelling Ratio on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Oriented Strand Board) Sena Maulana; Byantara D Purusatama; Nyoman J Wistara; Ihak Sumardi; Fauzi Febrianto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 14, No 2 (2016): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/jitkt.v14i2.206

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of bamboo oriented strand board (OSB) from andong (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea) with steam treatment on strand at various shelling ratios. Strands were steam-treated at 126 ºC for 1 h under 0.14 MPa pressure. Three-layer OBSB with the core layer perpendicular to the surface at various shelling ratio (15/70/15, 20/60/20, 25/50/25, 30/40/30) was formed and bonded with 8% of phenol formaldehyde resin. Wax was added amount of 1% based on oven dry strand. The evaluation of physical and mechanical properties of the boards was conducted in accordance to the JIS A 5908:2003 standard. Steam treatment tended to increase the dimensional stability and mechanical properties of OBSB from andong. The higher shelling ratio increased the parallel flexural properties, but decreased the perpendicular flexural properties.
Perubahan Kadar Komponen Kimia Bambu Andong akibat Perlakuan Steam (Change of Chemical Components Content in Andong Bamboo due to Steam Treatment) Muhammad I Maulana; Deded S Nawawi; Nyoman J Wistara; Rita K Sari; Siti Nikmatin; Sena Maulana; Se-Hwi Park; Fauzi Febrianto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 16, No 1 (2018): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1210.827 KB) | DOI: 10.51850/jitkt.v16i1.444

Abstract

Steam and rinsing treatment with water and 1% NaOH solution of andong bamboo strands have been known to improve physical and mechanical properties of its oriented strand board (OSB). The improvement of bamboo OSB properties might be caused by the change of  chemical components content during steam and rinsing process. This study aims to measure the changes of chemical components content in andong bamboo (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea) due to steam treatment and rinsing with water or sodium hydroxide solution. Samples was taken from andong bamboo stem without bark and node part. The treatments of samples were steam at 126 ° C for 1 hour, steam and rinsing with water, and, steam and rinsing with 1% NaOH, respectively. Air-dried samples were, then, subjected to mill in order to get 40-60 mesh particles size, which was used for  chemical components analyses. The results showed that steam and rinsing with water or 1% NaOH solution treatment reduced hemicellulose and extractive contents (dissolved in cold water, hot water, ethanol-benzene and NaOH 1% solution), whereas alpha-cellulose and lignin were relatively stable. Steam and rinsing treatment generally increased the pH value of bamboo samples.
Morphology of Microfibrillated Cellulose from Primary Sludge Iwan Risnasari; Fauzi Febrianto; Nyoman J Wistara; Sucahyo Sadiyo; Siti Nikmatin
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 11, No 2 (2013): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1108.247 KB) | DOI: 10.51850/jitkt.v11i2.96

Abstract

Sewage sludge is the largest waste produced from the pulp and paper mill, consist of fibers (50-60%) and inorganic materials.The aim of this study was to obtain the microfibrillated cellulose of sludge through extraction and cellulose disintegration. The cellulose disintegration conducted by a combinations of the refining and ultrasonication treatment. The results showed that after extraction process the mass of C and O were increased. Conversely the mass of Al, Ca, Si and S were decreased. The mass of C and O was further increased after refining and ultrasonication treatment. The process of extraction on sludge could remove lignin, hemicellulose and inorganic materials to obtain more pure cellulose. Cellulose disintegration by a combination of the refining 30 times followed by ultrasonication for 120 min produced microfibrillated cellulose with diameter of 284 nm.Key words: extraction, microfibrillated cellulose, morphology, sludge
Ketahanan Oriented Strand Board Bambu Betung dengan Perlakuan Steam pada Strand terhadap Cuaca (Durability of Oriented Strand Board Prepared from Steam -treated Betung Bamboo to Natural Weathering) Sena Maulana; Muhammad QA Damanik; Marwanto Marwanto; Muhammad I Maulana; Adesna Fatrawana; Ihak Sumardi; Nyoman J Wistara; Fauzi Febrianto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 17, No 1 (2019): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (311.296 KB) | DOI: 10.51850/jitkt.v17i1.459

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi ketahanan oriented strand board (OSB) dari bambu betung (Dendrocalamus asper) (BOSB) dengan perlakuan steam pada strand terhadap cuaca. Strand diberi perlakuan steam pada suhu 126 ºC di bawah tekanan 0,14 MPa selama 1 jam. Tiga lapis BOSB dibuat dengan kerapatan target 0,7 g cm-3 yang direkat dengan perekat fenol formaldehida (PF) dengan konsentrasi 8%. Parafin ditambahkan sebanyak 1% dari berat kering oven strand. Bamboo oriented strand board dipaparkan pada cuaca terbuka di Dramaga, Kabupaten Bogor Jawa Barat (6°34’15.72’’Selatan 106°44’17.30’’Timur). Evaluasi sifat fisis dan mekanis BOSB sebelum dan sesudah dipaparkan di udara selama 2 dan 3 bulan dilakukan berdasarkan standar JIS A 5908:2003. Penentuan nilai nisbah retensi MOE dan MOR dilakukan dengan membandingkan nilai MOE dan MOR sebelum dan sesudah pemaparan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan steam pada strand dapat meningkatkan stabilitas dimensi dan sifat mekanis BOSB. Pemaparan BOSB pada cuaca terbuka dapat menurunkan stabilitas dimensi dan kekuatan BOSB. Ketahanan BOSB dengan perlakuan steam pada strand terhadap pemaparan alami lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan tanpa perlakuan steam.
Co-Authors A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Abi K Arif Adesna Fatrawana Adesna Fatrawana Adiyantara Gumilang Adrin Adrin Aginsa T. Putri Agustina Purwaningsih Ahmad Zailani Andi D Yunianti Andi Z Pranata Anne Carolina Apri H Iswanto Apri Heri Iswanto Apri Iswanto Apri Iswanto, Apri Arif Nuryawan Arinana Arinana Barbara Ozarska Byantara D Purusatama Byantara Darsan Purusatama Ching K Man Christine Wulandari Dede Hermawan Deded Sarip Nawawi Denni Prasetia Doni Hapsoro Dwi R. Endriadilla Edi S. Bakar Elvara D Satria Fengky Satria Yoresta Go Un Yang Gustan Pari Gustan Pari Gustan Pari Gustan Pari Handian Purwawangsa Hanny Hafiar Hikma Yanti I Ketut N. Pandit I Nyoman Jaya Wistara I. Ketut N. Pandit Ihak Sumardi Ihak Sumardi Imam busyra Imam Wahyudi Indrawan, Imam Wahyudi Indra G Febryano Intan F Suri Intan Purnamasari Irawati AZHAR Ismail Budiman Iwan Risnasari Jemi, Renhart Jong Ho Kim Karliati, Tati Marwanto Marwanto Marwanto Marwanto Marwanto Marwanto Marwanto, Marwanto Maryam Jamilah Lubis Maulana, Mohammad I Maulana, Muhammad I Maulana, Sena Min Lee Mohamad Amarullah Mohamad I Sya'bani Mohd. H. Sahri Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis Muhammad Hanafi Muhammad Iqbal Adi Baskara Muhammad Iqbal Maulana Muhammad QA Damanik Nam H Kim Nam Hun Kim Nam Hun Kim Nam-Hun Kim Nicken O Putri Nurmadina Nurmadina Park, Se-Hwi Purnawati, Renny Rahmat Safe’i Ratih Damayanti Ratih Damayanti Renhart Jemi Rio Ardiansyah Murda Rita K Sari Rita K Sari Rita Kartika Sari Rudi Hartono Rynaldo Davinsy Se-Hwi Park See P Hwee Sehwi Park Setiowati Setiowati Seung Hwan Lee Siti Nikmatin Soleh Muhamad Subyakto Subyakto Sucahyo Sadiyo Sucipto, Tito Sudirman Sudirman Surdiding Ruhendi Surdiding Ruhendi Surdiding RUHENDI Syarif Ohorella Tekat D Cahyono Tekat Dwi Cahyono Tibertius A. Prayitno Trisna PRIADI Wahyu DWIANTO Wahyu Hidayat Wasrin Syafii Widya FATRIASARI Wisnu Satyajaya Wulan Starini Yusuf Hadi Yusuf Hadi, Yusuf Yusuf Sudo Hadi Zahrial COTO Zaidon Ashaari