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Journal : TSAQAFAH

Liberalisasi Pemikiran Islam: Gerakan Bersama Missionaris, Orientalis dan Kolonialis Hamid Fahmy Zarkasyi
TSAQAFAH Vol 5, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (431.623 KB) | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v5i1.145

Abstract

Factually, liberalism in social sciences and politics in Western Civilization has marginalized religion or separated religion from social lives and politics step by step. When liberalism became parts of religious thought of Christianity, Catholic and Protestant, it had subordinated the church under the political interest and humanism, and reduced its theological role in almost all aspects of social lives. Therefore, in liberalism of religious thought, the main problem to be argued is the concept of God (Theology) then doctrine and religious dogma. After that, liberalism argued and separated the relationship between religion and politics (Secularism). Finally, liberalism of religious thought became secularism, and influenced by the wave of postmodernism thought which enhances pluralism, equality and relativism. In its expansive movement, through globalization, modernization, and westernization, the West subsequently becomes the challenge of all nations and other civilization include Islam. Specifically, Western Civilization could be seen from three cultural sources; missionaries, orientalism, and colonialism. These three movements essentially disseminate the principle or element of Western way of life.
Curriculum Design of Master Program on Islamic Economics in Indonesian, Pakistan, Turkish, and Malaysian Universities Hamid Fahmy Zarkasyi; Setiawan bin Lahuri; Khoirul Umam; Eko Nur Cahyo
TSAQAFAH Vol 12, No 1 (2016): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (545.313 KB) | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v12i1.368

Abstract

This research is aimed at finding the curriculum design of Islamic economic, especially on its epistemological basis, its method of integration and its method of teaching. The object of research is postgraduate program at universities that offer the degree of Islamic Economic. The universities that will be researched represent four outstanding countries that have serious concern on Islamic economic studies. Those universities are International Islamic University Islamabad Pakistan, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, International Islamic University of Malaysia and four Universities of Indonesia i.e. Islamic State University Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, Islamic State University Sunan Ampel, University of Airlangga, and STIE Tazkia. The data will be collected through documentary and interview method. To analyze the data the researchers employs descriptive, compare and contrast, and synthesis method. The curriculum design that includes the vision and mission where epistimological aspects are clearly stated, in most of Islamic economics departments. However, not all departments that state explicity their vision and mission and objective clearly have clear statement on the integration of conventional and Islamic economics. Islamic State University Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, Islamic State University Sunan Ampel, University of Airlangga, STIE Tazkia, and Istanbul Sabbahatain Zaim do not state clearly the vision and mission in relation the program of integration and Islamization. So the epistimological aspect is not taken into serious consideration as the vision and mission of the program. The Universities that clearly state the integration and Islamization are Islamic Science University of Malaysia, International Islamic University of Islamabad, and International Islamic University of Malaysia.
Worldview Islam dan Kapitalisme Barat Hamid Fahmy Zarkasyi
TSAQAFAH Vol 9, No 1 (2013): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (287.124 KB) | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v9i1.36

Abstract

In the era when the idea of similarity, equality and pluralism are disseminated in diversified area, one might face difficulty to distinguish one civilization from the other.Now capitalism is the most dominant system of economic in the world and even developed into a civilization that has a worldveiw. Capitalism also used to be claimed and accepted as universal system that could be applied to the whole world. In response to this state of mind, it is imperative that capitalism be studied and identified from its very basic concept, i.e worldview perspective, and then compared it with Islam. This paper is a preliminary attempt to identify capitalist worldview and prove that it differs fundamentally from the worldview of Islam. The capitalist vision on religion, world, life style, justice, freedom of thought, wealth, economic activities which are influenced by Western worldview is diametrically different from Islamic worldview. Based on this study it must be very clear that Muslim intellectual who intend to borrow certain concept of capitalism for the development of Islamic economic should realize there are fundamental principles of capitalism that are irreconciliable with that of Islamic economic.
Liberalism, Liberalization and Their Impacts of Muslim Education (Special Case of Indonesian Intellectuals) Hamid Fahmy Zarkasyi
TSAQAFAH Vol 8, No 1 (2012): Islamic Education
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (397.781 KB) | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v8i1.23

Abstract

This paper is aimed at elucidating the liberalization of Muslim world and its impact on education. For  that  purpose  the  author  traces  at  the  outset  the  origin  and  the  basic  concept  of liberalism, which  is of  postmodern Western worldview, including  the concept of  religious liberalism. The impact of  liberalism in general is as wider as the meaning of  liberalism in Western sense of the words. However,  this paper  confines only on  the study of  their  impact  on Muslim education with special emphasis on national education policy and on religious thought which in turn would affect curriculum development. Liberalization of religious thought appears, inter alia, through the introduction  of  the  doctrine  of  relativity  of  truth,  religious  pluralism,  gender  equality  and deconstruction  of  shari’ah  and  the  likes. All  those  religious  discourse  conceptually  hinder  the development of  curriculum and  the teaching strategy of  moral  inculcation  to the students.
Konsep Psikoterapi Badiuzzaman Said Nursi dalam Risale-i Nur Hamid Fahmy Zarkasyi; Jarman Arroisi; Amal Hizbullah Basa; Dahniar Maharani
TSAQAFAH Vol 15, No 2 (2019): Islamic Civilization
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (877.813 KB) | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v15i2.3379

Abstract

AbstractThis study discusses faith in Islamic psychotherapy. This study departs from the fact of moral degradation that occurs in many parts of the world caused by psyche illness. Moral degradation causes the erosion of faith, especially for Muslims. For this reason, an effort is needed as faith can be maintained and the soul remains healthy. The cause of treating mental illness is more difficult than treating physical pain. In this context, a well-known Turkish scholar, Badiuzzaman Said Nursi, has an interesting concept to address the problem of moral degradation. Nursi said the best solution to overcome mental illness is to improve one's faith as if the faith is correct then the behaviour will be right, and vice versa. Islam is not only limited to intellectual contemplation, but also as a direct answer from the various discussions that he experienced personally as well as a response to the problem being discussed by the Turkish community compilation. This research is a qualitative study (literature) of Nursi's work, Risale-i Nur. His ideas about psychotherapy are distributed in the book. His views on Islamic psychotherapy produce a deep understanding of the concept of faith and its influence in life. The authors hope this study can make scientific contributions and be able to provide solutions to the problems that are currently being approved.Keywords: Badiuzzaman Said Nursi, Risale-i Nur, Psychotherapy, Faith, Islam.AbstrakArtikel ini membahas tentang iman dalam psikoterapi Islam. Penelitian ini berangkat ‎dari fakta degradasi moral yang banyak terjadi di berbagai belahan dunia yang ‎disebabkan oleh penyakit hati. Khususnya bagi umat Islam, degradasi moral ‎menyebabkan terkikisnya iman. Untuk itu diperlukan sebuah upaya agar iman terjaga ‎dan jiwa tetap sehat. Sebab mengobati sakit jiwa lebih sulit dari mengobati sakit fisik. ‎Dalam konteks ini, seorang ulama kenamaan Turki, Badiuzzaman Said Nursi, memiliki ‎konsep yang menarik untuk menjawab problem degradasi moral. Nursi mengatakan ‎solusi terbaik dalam mengatasi penyakit jiwa adalah dengan memperbaiki keimanan ‎seseorang. Sebab jika keimanan sudah benar maka perilakunya pun akan benar, ‎demikian sebaliknya. Penting dicatat bahwa gagasannya mengenai psikoterapi Islam tidak hanya sebatas renungan intelektual semata, malainkan juga sebagai jawaban langsung dari berbagai persoalan yang dialaminya secara pribadi juga sebagai respon dari problem yang sedang dihadapi masyarakat Turki ketika itu. Penelitian ini merupakan salah satu kajian kualitatif (literatur) ‎terhadap karya Nursi, Risale-i Nur. Gagasannya mengenai psikoterapi tersebar dalam ‎buku tersebut. Pendekatannya dalam psikoterapi Islam melahirkan sebuah pemahaman yang mendalam terhadap konsep keimanan dan pengaruhnya dalam kehidupan. Besar harapan penulis, kajian ini dapat memberikan kontribusi ilmiah ‎dan mampu memberikan solusi terhadap masalah yang sedang dihadapi saat ini.‎Kata Kunci: Badiuzzaman Said Nursi, Risale-i Nur, Psikoterapi, Iman, Islam.
Ibn Sina’ s Concept of Wajib al-Wujud Hamid Fahmy Zarkasyi
TSAQAFAH Vol 7, No 2 (2011): Islamic Theology
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (291.441 KB) | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v7i2.6

Abstract

This paper is an exposition of Ibn Sina’ s concept  Wa> jib al-W uju> d(Necessary Existence),a concept of God derived from or modified out of   Aristotle’ s natural theology .Since it deviates from  Aristotle’ s philosophy ,it considerably distinct from the Greek philosophical tradition. Unlike Aristotle whose theological framework departs from physic, Ibn Sina delineates the concept of God from pure metaphysical approach consisting of ontological and cosmological arguments.From this delineation Ibn Sina has successfully solved  Aristotle’ s problem of God knowledge and change, and that is by positing that God knew something other than Himself but it does not imply change in His essence since His knowledge is unbounded by time.Be that as it ma y ,this philosophical concept is subject to further examination from theological perspectives .However,the term Wa> jib al-W uju> d is a key concept for the explication of the existence of God, but the term itself is not assumption,but the goal to be investigated.  Although Necessary Existence is only ontological concept it is used in his various way of proving God’ s existence,whether in cosmological argument or other argument. Interestingly ,since all depend on the key concept of   ‘necessity’,the proof that begins from the causality does not end in the First Cause but on Wajib al-W ujud, an end that seems to be incompatible with the beginning .
Tamaddun sebagai Konsep Peradaban Islam Hamid Fahmy Zarkasyi
TSAQAFAH Vol 11, No 1 (2015): Islamic Civilization
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (710.986 KB) | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v11i1.251

Abstract

This article aims at promoting an appropriate term to depict the substantial meaning of Islamic civilization. Even though there are various terms in Arabic that refer to the meaning of civilization, such as hadârah, tsaqâfah, ‘umrân, the term that substantially compatible with Islam is tamaddun. From a linguistic perspective the root of tamaddun can be traced back to the word dîn, meaning religion. In this case the relation between civilization in the form of scientific movement and political authority with religion is considerably clearer and even provable with historical facts. From the time of the Prophet Muhammad, Umayyad Caliphate, Abbasid Caliphate, until the Ottoman Caliphate the relationship of religion and civilization was manifested. In Islamic history, when Islam entered to a region, the knowledge there will grow rapidly so as to bring prosperity and welfare. When Islam expanded its territory, it did three important stages: First, the expansion of political power dominated by military forces; second, the spreading of religion to the society such Islamic preaching and scientific activity based on al-Qur’an was dominated. Here, the people tried to integrate the teaching of al-Qur’an with the science that comes from other civilizations, especially Greek, Indian, and Persian; third is the spreading of Arabic language to become the official language of science and communication. These three stages proved that the widespread political power in Islamic history was always based on dîn and the development of science, which in turn, becomes civilization of science as well as religion, which defines tamaddun. Therefore, Islam accepted by any nation either non-Muslim or non-Arab for it departed from rational dîn which develops into tamaddun.
Tradisi Orientalisme dan Framework Studi al-Qur’an Hamid Fahmy Zarkasyi
TSAQAFAH Vol 7, No 1 (2011): Qur'anic Studies
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (357.162 KB) | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v7i1.105

Abstract

Orientalism is a field of study that deals with Eastern and Islamic studies as it object of study. Being a discipline of knowledge it must have specific theory and methodology or framework of study. However, since it emerged in Western intellectual tradition, it is permeated by Western worldview. In other words, being a science orientalism is value laden. This paper tries to prove the correlation between the traditions of orientalism, where religious, cultural and political melieu permeated their framework, with the study of the Qur’an. The finding suggests that the framework of orientalis in their study of the Qur’an could be resumed into four: trying to employ previous sacred text as their standard of Qur’anic studies, preferring the textual studies rather than narration, questioning the process of compilation, examining the content of the Qur’an using their own logic and experience, and finally employing the Biblical methodology. Those frameworks inevitably has resulted incongruencies that could lead one to be misunderstanding the Qur’an
Modern Pondok Pesantren: Maintaining Tradition in Modern System Hamid Fahmy Zarkasyi
TSAQAFAH Vol 11, No 2 (2015): Islamic Education
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (671.707 KB) | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v11i2.267

Abstract

Pondok pesantren is a renown Islamic education system that generally categorized as traditional system. However, there were tendencies of certain pondok pesantren that developed their system from traditional into modern system of education. Here, it may be classified that pondok pesantren have two systems of education: traditional and modern. Traditional pesantren, tend to implement the curriculum based on certain classical books called kitab kuning while maintaining unique traditional method of instruction such as sorogan, bandongan, halaqah, and mudhakarah. In the other hand, modern pesantren have their the curriculum modified in order to be fitted with school curriculum emphasizing the subject of Islamic studies and employing full modern method of instruction. It is attractively to known then, that it there were tendencies of certain pondok pesantren that developed their system from traditional into modern system of education. By this development a new model of pondok pesantren emerged that characteristically can be identified as an Islamic education system using modern system Curriculum, applying modern system and methodology of instruction and employing modern institutional system, yet it maintain traditional value system for their daily life in the campus. The writer found in this research that modern system of pesantren initiated with Wahid Hasyim and Jamiah Khair, then ultimately on the hand of Imam Zarkasyi. This paper will try to elaborate history of pesantren in Indonesia, improved later several aspects of modernization of pesantren system.
The Philosophy of Mulla Sadra Being a Summary of His Book al-Hikmah al-Muta’aliyah fi al-Asfar al-‘Aqliyyah al-Arba’ah Hamid Fahmy Zarkasyi
TSAQAFAH Vol 5, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (456.457 KB) | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v5i2.131

Abstract

The depiction of Mulla Sadra’s philosophy could be best out by referring to his magnum opus, al-Hikmah al-Muta’aliyah, usually referred to as al-Asfar alArba’ah. The book contains almost all aspect of philosophy such as theory of essence and existence, subtance, movement, time, world order, knowledge, intellect and the likes. In addition, being Muslim peripatetic, he also gives special interest on the demonstrating the concept of God and eschatology. The summary below could hopefully be instrumental for paying particular interest in further studying Mulla Sadra thought for academic pusposes. The point interest, however, is to be found in his repudiation againts Ibn Sina’s concept of Essence and Existence. Whereas Ibn Sina vindicates the essence rather than existence, Sadra gives priority to existence rather than essence. Not only has Mulla Sadra differed from Ibn Sina and other Muslim peripatetic on the issue of essence and existance, but also on the problem of substance, movement, time.