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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Komputer JURNAL REKAYASA DAN MANAJEMEN AGROINDUSTRI E-Journal of Tourism (JELIKU) Jurnal Elektronik Ilmu Komputer Udayana Jurnal Buana Informatika Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer JUTIK : Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Komputer JITK (Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Komputer) JOURNAL OF APPLIED INFORMATICS AND COMPUTING SINTECH (Science and Information Technology) Journal Jurnal WIDYA LAKSMI (Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat) Jurnal Pengabdian Informatika (JUPITA) Jurnal Nasional Teknologi Informasi dan Aplikasinya
Ngurah Agus Sanjaya ER
Universitas Udayana
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Journal : JOURNAL OF APPLIED INFORMATICS AND COMPUTING

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Application of Gated Recurrent Unit in Electroencephalogram (EEG)-Based Mental State Classification Giri, Gst. Ayu Vida Mastrika; Sanjaya ER, Ngurah Agus; Suhartana, I Ketut Gede
Journal of Applied Informatics and Computing Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): February 2025
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Batam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30871/jaic.v9i1.8825

Abstract

The classification of mental states based on electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings has recently gained significant interest in cognitive monitoring and human-computer interaction fields. Due to high signal variability and sensitivity to noise, correct classification is still tricky, even with advances in the analysis of EEG signals. Among deep learning models, Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) models have established great potential for sequential EEG data analysis. The applications of the GRUs are less reviewed in tasks concerning classification cases of mental states compared to hybrid and convolutional models. Based on this paper, we will propose a method for developing a model based on the GRU network trained with raw EEG data in the classification tasks of mental states of concentration and relaxed conditions. We analyzed 400 EEG recordings taken from 10 subjects within a controlled environment and collected using the Muse EEG Headband. The mean, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis, power spectral density, zero-crossing rate, and root mean square were extracted as statistical features from the raw EEG data. After parameter tuning, the GRU-based model achieved an excellent average accuracy value of 95.94% and also yielded precision, recall, and F1-scores within the range of 0.95 to 0.97 over 5-fold cross-validation. This shows that GRU works well in classifying mental states based on the EEG data.
Co-Authors Abimanyu, Cokorda Gde Aditya Nugraha, Anak Agung Adu, Enga Prinda Afandi, M Faisal Agus Muliantara Agus Muliantara Albertus Ivan Suryawan Anak Agung Aditya Nugraha Anak Agung Istri Ngurah Eka Karyawati Anak Agung Sinta Trisnajayanti Anggita S, Ni Putu Ayu Sherly Arimbawa, I Gede Ayu Kadek Nadya Oktaviana Budiantari, Ni Made Julia Candra Mahatagandha, Pijar Cokorda Gde Abimanyu Cokorda Pramartha Cokorda Rai Adi Pramartha Darmayasa, I Nengah Oka Farin Istighfarizky Firman Ali Eka Atmojo Fortunawan, I Putu Diska Gede Krisna Surya Artajaya Gede Sukadarmika Gemuh Raharja RL, I Wayan Gede Giri, Gst. Ayu Vida Mastrika Gst. Ayu Vida Mastrika Giri Gusti Ayu Vida Mastrika Giri Gusti Ayu Vidjaretha Wardana Gusto Gibeon Ginting Hairul Lana HARI MULYAWAN I Dewa Made Bayu Atmaja Darmawan I Dewa Made Candra Wiguna Marcelino I Dewa Made Candra Wiguna Marcelino I Gede Arta Wibawa I Gede Santi Astawa I Gede Wira Kusuma Jaya I Gst. Bgs. Arya Yudiastina I Gusti Agung Gede Arya Kadyanan I Gusti Ngurah Anom Cahyadi Putra I Kadek Agus Andika Putra I Kadek Gowinda I Ketut Gede Suhartana I Ketut Satriawan I Komang Ari Mogi I Komang Surya Adinandika I Made Ady Wirawan I Made Ari Widiarsana I Made Widiartha I Made Widiartha I Nengah Oka Darmayasa I Putu Diska Fortunawan I Putu Edy Suardiyana Putra I Putu Gede Hendra Suputra I WAYAN SANTIYASA I Wayan Sugiana Ida Bagus Gede Dwidasmara Ida Bagus Gede Dwidasmara Ida Bagus Made Mahendra Ida Bagus Made Surya Widnyana Karel Leo Rivaldo Kurniadi, Kenny Luh Arida Ayu Rahning Putri Luh Gede Astuti Luh Gede Astuti Luh Gede Tresna Dewi Luh Putu Eka Nadya Wati LUH PUTU IDA HARINI Made Agus Hendrayana Made Darma Yunantara Made Hanindia Prami Swari Made Widiartha Negara, I Made Wahyu Guna Ni Luh Komang Indira Pramesti Ni Made Alisya Putri Hapsari Ni Made Ary Esta Dewi Wirastuti Ni Made Dian Kurniasari Ni Made Julia Budiantari Ni Putu Ambalika Dewi Ni Putu Intan Cahyani Ni Putu Vina Amandari Nirmala, Ni Made Gita Satviki Palguna, I Made Surya Adi Palla, Hans Rio Alfredo Pertiwi, Luh Arimas Pijar Candra Mahatagandha Pradana, I Putu Aditya Pradiptha, I Gde Made Hendra Putra, Gede Bagus Prawira Putri, Riana Pramesti Raharja, Made Agung Riana Pramesti Putri Safira Sinta Wahyuni, Ni Made Suryawan, Albertus Ivan Wayan Citra Wulan Sucipta Putri Yasa, I Gede Cahya Purnama