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All Journal Jurnal Kependidikan: Penelitian Inovasi Pembelajaran QALAMUNA: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, dan Agama SOSIOHUMANIORA: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora ELS Journal On Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities Jurnal Onoma: Pendidikan, Bahasa, dan Sastra JURNAL PENDIDIKAN SAINS SOSIAL DAN AGAMA Journal of General Education and Humanities Literacy : International Scientific Journals of Social, Education, Humanities e-Journal of ELTS (English Language Teaching Society)
Darmawan Darmawan
Universitas Tadulako
Religion Arts Humanities Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Social Sciences Other

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A Study On The Use Of Retelling Story Technique In Teaching Speaking Skill Rivaldo Barani; Darmawan Darmawan; Wahyudin Wahyudin
ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): MARCH
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34050/els-jish.v9i1.45399

Abstract

Retelling story is widely used as a technique to support students’ speaking development in English language classrooms. This study aims to describe how the retelling story technique is implemented in speaking classes and to examine its effects on students’ speaking skills at different academic levels. This study employed a qualitative library research design by analyzing five previous research studies that investigated the use of retelling story in teaching speaking skills. The selected studies were conducted at different educational levels and were reviewed to identify instructional procedures, supporting media, and reported learning outcomes. The results of the analysis show that all five studies applied the retelling story technique through three main stages: pre-retelling activities, during-retelling activities, and post-retelling activities. These stages were consistently referred to as before, during, and after retelling activities. The implementation of the technique was often supported by additional media and methods, such as YouTube videos, picture series, and guided questions, to help students understand and retell stories more effectively. Furthermore, the findings indicate that students at different academic levels showed improvement in their speaking skills after the application of the retelling story technique. Students became more active in classroom interaction and demonstrated increased confidence in expressing ideas orally. The reviewed studies also reported that students were more motivated and independent when retelling stories. Overall, the findings suggest that the retelling story technique has a positive effect on students’ speaking skills and can be considered an effective strategy for teaching speaking in EFL classrooms.  
The Use Of The Fishbowl Technique In Teaching English Speaking Skills: A Library Research Study Stesia Abigael Tombo; Darmawan Darmawan; Wahyudin Wahyudin
ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): MARCH
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34050/els-jish.v9i1.45400

Abstract

This study aims to analyze previous research on the implementation of the Fishbowl Technique in teaching speaking skills. Specifically, the study seeks to examine how the Fishbowl Technique is applied in speaking instruction across different educational levels and to identify its effects on students’ speaking performance. This research employed a qualitative library research design by reviewing five scientific studies published between 2019 and 2025. The selected studies were analyzed to identify common practices, variations in implementation, and reported outcomes related to the use of the Fishbowl Technique. The results of the analysis indicate that the Fishbowl Technique was implemented in similar ways across the reviewed studies, although minor differences were found in classroom procedures and student grouping. In general, the technique provided structured opportunities for students to speak actively while other students observed and learned from the interaction. The findings show that the Fishbowl Technique had a positive impact on students’ speaking skills, particularly in improving fluency, participation, and confidence. Students became more willing to express their ideas and engage in classroom discussions. Overall, the reviewed studies demonstrate that the Fishbowl Technique effectively promotes active speaking practice and enhances classroom interaction, making it a beneficial strategy for teaching speaking skills.
A Review On The Implementation Of Picture Series In Teaching Writing Skills Rahmat Agung Wibowo; Darmawan Darmawan; Anjar Kusuma Dewi; Mashuri Mashuri
ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): MARCH
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34050/els-jish.v9i1.45401

Abstract

This library research reviews recent studies on the use of picture series to improve students’ writing skills in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms. Writing is often difficult for students because they have trouble finding ideas, organizing sentences, and using correct grammar. Many teachers and researchers have tried different ways to help students write better. One popular technique is using picture series as visual aids. This study collected data from five recent articles published between 2019 and 2024. The reviewed studies used different methods, including experimental research, classroom action research, and qualitative reviews. All studies reported positive results. Students who learned writing through picture series were more motivated, could organize their ideas better, and wrote more creatively. Even students with low English skills improved when teachers used pictures to support their writing. However, some teachers reported challenges, such as preparing good picture materials and managing large classes during picture-based activities. Despite these challenges, the findings strongly suggest that picture series are an effective and engaging tool for teaching writing. They help students become more confident and reduce the fear of writing in English. This research recommends that teachers use picture series more often, especially in EFL contexts, and that future studies explore digital picture tools to make this technique even more practical in modern classrooms.
An Analysis Of Teachers’ Strategy In Teaching Reading Comprehension Of Senior High School At Kecamatan Dampelas Endang Puspita Sari; Darmawan Darmawan; Wahyudin Wahyudin; Muhammad Arid
ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): MARCH
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34050/els-jish.v9i1.45455

Abstract

This study aimed to find the strategies used by English teachers in teaching reading comprehension at senior high schools and to identify the most frequently used strategies. This study employed a descriptive qualitative research design, collecting data through questionnaires and interviews with 4 English teachers. The results showed that teachers used various strategies in teaching reading comprehension, and scaffolding, QARs, monitoring comprehension, and memorizing were the most frequently used strategies. These strategies were highly effective in helping students understand reading texts and improving their reading abilities. This study also revealed that scaffolding and QARs strategies enabled teachers to provide appropriate assistance and support to students who did not understand reading texts, allowing students to better comprehend the texts. The findings of this study were expected to be used as a reference for English teachers in developing effective reading comprehension teaching strategies.
A Study On The Implementation Of Word Chain Game In Teaching Vocabulary Mastery Vivi Vidya Lestari; Darmawan Darmawan; Wahyudin Wahyudin; Mafulah Mafulah
ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities Vol. 8 No. 4 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34050/els-jish.v8i4.45507

Abstract

This study investigates the implementation of the Word Chain Game as a strategy to enhance vocabulary mastery among students learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL). Utilizing a library research method with a qualitative descriptive approach, this research synthesizes findings from five recent studies conducted between 2018 and 2023. The results consistently indicate that the Word Chain Game is an effective tool for improving students’ vocabulary acquisition, engagement, and confidence in using new words. Teachers have applied both oral and written forms of the game, integrating it into thematic lessons to make vocabulary learning more contextual and enjoyable. Despite its advantages, some challenges remain, including time constraints, classroom management in large groups, and the need for alignment with curriculum goals. Nevertheless, the benefits—such as increased vocabulary retention, higher test scores, and reduced student anxiety—demonstrate the game’s pedagogical value. This study concludes that the Word Chain Game is a practical and engaging method for teaching vocabulary in EFL settings and recommends its inclusion in language teaching practices, with consideration given to proper adaptation and teacher training. Future research could explore integrating the game with digital tools to further enhance its effectiveness.
An Analysis Of Errors In Descriptive Texts Composed By Tenth-Grade Students At SMKN 5 Palu Wanda Putri Ramadhani Imsaqiah; Darmawan Darmawan; Wahyudin Wahyudin; Mafulah Mafulah
ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities Vol. 8 No. 4 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34050/els-jish.v8i4.45508

Abstract

This study investigates the types and frequencies of linguistic errors found in descriptive texts written by tenth-grade students of SMKN 5 Palu. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method to analyze students’ written work using the error taxonomy proposed by Dulay, Burt, and Krashen (1982), which categorizes errors into omission, addition, misformation, and misordering. Data were collected from 32 students who completed a writing task focused on descriptive text production. The findings reveal a total of 278 errors across all samples, with misformation errors being the most prevalent (36.69%), followed closely by omission errors (35.25%). Addition errors accounted for 15.47%, while misordering errors represented 12.59% of the total errors. These results indicate significant challenges among students in applying correct grammatical structures, vocabulary, and sentence organization when writing descriptive texts. The study underscores the need for more focused instruction in grammar, vocabulary development, and writing practice to help students improve their descriptive writing skills. Additionally, the findings suggest that error analysis can serve as an effective diagnostic tool for identifying students’ writing difficulties and guiding targeted pedagogical interventions. Overall, this research contributes valuable insights into the nature of writing errors in Indonesian EFL classrooms and highlights the importance of tailored instructional approaches to enhance students’ writing competence.
Effectiveness Of Summarizing Strategy In Developing Reading Comprehension Among Tenth Graders At SMA Negeri 5 Palu Fajria Dolita; Darmawan Darmawan; Hastini Hastini; Abdul Kamaruddin
ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities Vol. 8 No. 4 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34050/els-jish.v8i4.45583

Abstract

The aim of this study was to find out the effect of the summarizing strategy on improving students’ reading comprehension at SMA Negeri 5 Palu. This research was based on an initial study that showed many students still struggled to understand texts, had difficulty finding main ideas and detailed information, and lacked vocabulary. The researcher used the summarizing strategy as a method to help improve students’ reading skills. This study used a quasi-experimental design. The population was tenth-grade students at SMA Negeri 5 Palu, involving classes X M5 and X M3, with 35 and 32 students respectively. To collect the data, the researcher used pre-tests and post-tests to measure students’ abilities before and after the treatment. The results of data analysis showed a significant improvement in reading comprehension. The average score of the experimental group increased from 68.85 to 79.06, while the average score of the control group slightly decreased from 69.33 to 67.52. Data analysis showed a significance value (2-tailed) of 0.000 < 0.050, which means that Ha was accepted. It can be concluded that the summarizing strategy significantly improved students’ reading comprehension.
Teachers Perceptions Of The Merdeka Curriculum’s Effects On English Proficiency Of Students Uun Apriana Lago; Darmawan Darmawan; Ma’fulah Ma’fulah; Wahyudin Wahyudin
ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities Vol. 8 No. 4 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34050/els-jish.v8i4.47609

Abstract

This study aims to explore English teachers’ perceptions of the Merdeka Curriculum and to examine its perceived impact on students’ English proficiency at SMPN 2 Palu. Specifically, the study seeks to understand how the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum influences classroom practices, student engagement, and language learning outcomes, as well as to identify the challenges faced by teachers during its implementation. Employing a qualitative phenomenological approach, this research investigated the experiences of three English teachers who had implemented the curriculum for more than one year. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and triangulated with students’ midterm English examination scores to enhance the validity of the findings. The results indicate that teachers perceive the Merdeka Curriculum as beneficial in promoting student-centered learning, increasing students’ speaking confidence, and encouraging collaborative learning. Nevertheless, several challenges were reported, including limited technological resources and difficulties in shifting from traditional teaching approaches. To address these issues, teachers adopted strategies such as differentiated instruction and peer tutoring. This study provides valuable insights into the influence of curriculum reform on English language teaching and offers recommendations for improving teacher training, resource availability, and curriculum implementation strategies.
Exploring Tadulako University Students’ Perceptions Toward the Use of ChatGPT Voice as an English Speaking Practice Tool Ismi Awalia; Darmawan Darmawan; Wahyudin Wahyudin
ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): JUNE
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34050/els-jish.v9i2.50870

Abstract

Speaking skill is an essential competence in English language learning; however, it remains a challenge for many students, particularly in terms of fluency, confidence, and limited opportunities for real-life practice. With the advancement of digital technology, ChatGPT Voice has emerged as an alternative learning medium that allows students to practice speaking in a more flexible and accessible way. This study aims to explore the perceptions of students from the English Education Department of Tadulako University toward the use of ChatGPT Voice as an English speaking practice tool. This research employs a qualitative approach with narrative analysis, involving students selected through snowball sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed by identifying patterns of experiences and meanings constructed by the participants. The findings reveal that students’ perceptions of ChatGPT Voice are generally positive, as the tool provides a comfortable and low-pressure learning environment that encourages active speaking practice, reduces anxiety, increases confidence, and supports linguistic development such as fluency, vocabulary, and pronunciation through repeated interaction and feedback. However, students also recognize several limitations, particularly the lack of authentic human interaction, including emotional expression and natural conversational dynamics. Therefore, ChatGPT Voice is not perceived as a replacement for real communication, but rather as a supplementary tool that is used independently, selectively, and strategically in developing students’ speaking skills.
The Effect Of Question And Answer Relationship (QAR) Strategy On Grade XI Vocational Students' Reading Comprehension: An Explanatory Mixed-Methods Study Ilmuislami Mawardin; Mawardin Muhammad Said; Mukrim Mukrim; Jamiluddin Jamiluddin; Darmawan Darmawan
QALAMUNA: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, dan Agama Vol. 18 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbitan dan Publikasi Ilmiah Program Pascasarjana IAI Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37680/qalamuna.v18i2.8678

Abstract

This study aims to examine the effect of the Question–Answer Relationship (QAR) strategy on the reading comprehension of Grade XI vocational high school students and to explore students’ perceptions of its implementation in EFL reading instruction. This research employed an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design involving 51 students from a vocational high school in Indonesia, divided into an experimental class (n = 27) and a control class (n = 24). Quantitative data were collected through pretest and posttest reading comprehension tests and analyzed using an independent samples t-test. The results revealed that students taught using the QAR strategy achieved significantly higher posttest scores (M = 83.85) than those taught through conventional instruction (M = 67.29). Qualitative data obtained from classroom observations, questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews indicated increased motivation, confidence, critical thinking skills, and strategic awareness in reading. Despite initial difficulties in categorizing question types, students responded positively to the strategy after consistent practice. The integration of quantitative and qualitative findings demonstrates that the QAR strategy not only improves students’ reading comprehension outcomes but also fosters positive learning behaviors. Therefore, the QAR strategy is an effective instructional approach for improving reading comprehension in vocational EFL classrooms.
Co-Authors Abdul Kamaruddin Aditya Moh. Zikri Aminah Suriaman Anjar Kusuma Dewi Daniel Urslenton Wiser Sumang Desrin Lebagi Dhea Agustianingsih Dinah Aprilia Endang Puspita Sari Enjel Enjel Fajria Dolita Fanisha Astri Aulia Ferry Rita Hastini, Hastini Hizra Amanda Ilmuislami Mawardin Imannuel Nico Setyono Ismi Awalia Jamiluddin, Jamiluddin Jeric Romero Konder Manurung Maf'ulah Maf'ulah Mafulah Mafulah Maf’ulah Maf’ulah Mashuri Mashuri Mawardin Muhammad Said Mawardin Muhammad Said Ma’fulah Ma’fulah Melisa Melisa Miftahul Jannah Mochtar Marhum Muhammad Arid Mukrim Mukrim Mulky Satria Kamal Munira Ria Rezky Nur Sehang Thamrin Nur Zam Zamia Nurfitri Nurfitri Nurul Ain Nurul Alfiah Wahyuni Nur’Ainun Nur’Ainun Patmasari, Andi Rahmat Agung Wibowo Rivaldo Barani Rofiqoh Rofiqoh Sriati Usman Stesia Abigael Tombo Sudarkam R Mertosono Syahrul Munir Tribuana Puspitasari Uun Apriana Lago Vivi Vidya Lestari Wahyudin Wahyudin Wahyudin Wahyudin Wanda Putri Ramadhani Imsaqiah Wildan Zahen Da&#039;im