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Journal : Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics

Processing and Analysis of Electrogastrogram (EGG) Signals to Evaluate Stressor and Motion Sickness Conditions in Virtual Reality Environments Hanafi, MHD.Hanafi; Sahroni, Alvin; Kusumadewi, Sri; Setiawan, Hendra; Firdaus, Firdaus
Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics Vol 8 No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Department of Electromedical Engineering, POLTEKKES KEMENKES SURABAYA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35882/jeeemi.v8i2.1531

Abstract

Virtual Reality (VR) technology has rapidly evolved and is widely utilized in healthcare, education, and entertainment. However, its use often induces motion sickness and stressor, which may reduce user comfort and performance. This study aims to determine whether VR exposure triggers such conditions, evaluate them using electrogastrogram (EGG) signals, and identify the most effective EGG features as physiological indicators. EGG signals from nine healthy male subjects were recorded using two channels under three experimental conditions (pre, stimulation, and post) during both pre-prandial and post-prandial phases. Frequency-domain analysis was performed using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) within the 0.03-0.07 Hz range to extract dominant frequency, dominant magnitude, mean frequency, average magnitude, and band power. Subjective evaluation was conducted using a five-point Likert scale. The results indicate that VR exposure induced motion sickness and stressor, with Likert scores ranging from 3 to 5. Three normalized magnitude features of the EGG signal on channel 0 during the pre-prandial stimulation phase exhibited significant positive correlations with motion sickness: dominant magnitude (r = 0.841, p = 0.005), average magnitude (r = 0.742, p = 0.022), and band power (r = 0.788, p = 0.012). These features also showed significant correlations with stressor levels: dominant magnitude (r = 0.895, p = 0.001), average magnitude (r = 0.780, p = 0.013), and band power (r = 0.821, p = 0.007). These findings confirm that VR exposure can induce motion sickness and act as a physiological stressor, with three EGG magnitude features serving as reliable physiological indicators. The lower corpus extending to the antrum and pylorus was identified as the most representative electrode placement area, and the pre-prandial phase was found to be more susceptible to VR-induced disturbances than the post-prandial phase
Co-Authors Abd. Halim Achmad Khodzim Agus Harjoko AGUS RIYANTO Al Amin, Muhammad Zainudin Alatas, Alwi Achmad Alfian Nurlifa Alvin Sahroni Alysia Nurkhalisha Andika, Zikri Dwi Andri Panca Purnama Ardhitya Wiedha Irawan Aridhanyati Arifin Arifianto, July Arkham Zahri Rakhman Arrie Kurniawardhani Bayu Hartono Bediatra, Muhamad Riko Bhaskara, Adwitya Chaela Rosi Budiarti Chandra Putra Pradana Chanifah I. Ratnasari Chanifah Indah Ratnasari Dhina Puspasari Wijaya, Dhina Puspasari Dzikra Rafik Putra Edi Fitriyanto Edi Fitriyanto Elyza Gustri Wahyuni Erlina Marfianti, Erlina FAJAR SETIAWAN Febriyanti, Eka Firdaus Firdaus Fitri Nugraheni Fitriyanto, Raden Edi Frestiany Regina Putri Geralvin Maheswara Gita Putry Nabilah Gita Putry Nabilah, Gita Putry Hanafi, MHD.Hanafi Hardiyanti, Cicin Hari Purnomo Heksaputra, Dadang Helmanatun Nisa Wulandari Hendra Setiawan Heni Pujiastuti Hepi Wahyuningsih Herman Yuliansyah Idham Guswaludin Intan Ruspita Ipin Prasojo, Ipin Isnatin Miladiyah Izzati Muhimmah Jannah, Helmi Roichatul Kariyam - khanan khanan KHARISMA ERIZON Kholisoh Nur Sinta Kiki Kiki Kukuh Eka Nugraha Kusumaningrum, Trias Pungkur Lia Rosmalia Lia Rosmalia Linda Rosita Lizda Iswari Lusiana Indriasari Sagita Lusiana Indriasari Sagita Magus Sediono Mahesti Rancaksari Mufidah, Nadia Citra Muhamad Arifin, Muhamad Mutmainna, Mutmainna Nabila Sholihah, Nabila Nadya Satya Handayani Neny Sulistianingsih Ninki Hermaduanti Numan Numan Nur W. Rahayu Nur Wachid Adi Prasetya Nurhayati Nurhayati Nurlaili Muzayyanah Nurul Bahiyah Nurul Mega Saraswati Pahri, Andi Nur Ilma PandiAstuti, Dien NoorFawziah Parjono, Parjono Prasetyo, Dono Catur Rahadian Kurniawan Rakhmat Wahyu Widiantoro Rani Putriana Rani Putriana, Rani Retantyo Wardoyo Rian Anggraeni Ridho Muktiadi Rika Ismayanti Roma Firmansyah Ruhil Iswara Ruslam, Andri Wahyu Ahmad Sabella, Billy Sagala, Muhammad Zikri Khatami Sagita, Lusiana Indriasari Setya Winarno Shofwan Hanif Sri Hartati sri mulyati Sri Mulyati Sri Winiarti Subayu, Abdi Sujarwo, Ari Sukma Puspitorini Supardianto Supadianto Syafiul Muzid Syaiful Hendra Tedy Rismawan WAHYU PRABOWO Wawan Indarto Wijaya, Guruh Yuantari, Rahma Yuliansyah, Herman Yunita Wisda Tumarta Arif