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All Journal Jurnal Biologi Udayana MEDIA KOMUNIKASI TEKNIK SIPIL SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Elkawnie Jurnal Noken: Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Pendas : Jurnah Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar Diglosia: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia Community Development Journal: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat International Journal of Sustainable Transportation Technology Jurnal Sains dan Edukasi Sains Journal of Science and Science Education Humanism : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat JSIP: Jurnal Studi Ilmu Pemerintahan Greensphere: Journal of Environmental Chemistry jurnal administrasi politik dan sosial SIMBOL : Jurnal Administrasi Publik dan Pemerintahan Jurnal Edukasi dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (JEPKM) Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis Journal of Community Empowerment JURNAL REKAYASA KIMIA & LINGKUNGAN Economy Bring Ultimate Information All About Development Journal

Yayuk Astuti

Chemistry Department, Faculty Of Science And Mathematics, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Jacob Rais, Tembalang, Semarang 50275

Author-ID : 3037473

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Modification of Activated Carbon from Rice Husk using Hexadecyltrimethylammonium Bromide (HDTMA-Br) Surfactant and ZnCl2 activator and Microwaves for Nitrate Ion Adsorption Yeni Aprilia; Arnelli Arnelli; Yayuk Astuti
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 23, No 11 (2020): Volume 23 Issue 11 Year 2020
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Surfactant Modified Activated Carbon (SMAC) is a surfactant-modified activated carbon product. The surfactant used in this study was the cationic surfactant Hexadecyltrimethylammonium Bromide (HDTMA-Br). These surfactants can change the activated carbon's surface to be positively charged due to the presence of the surfactant hydrophilic groups. This SMAC is more selective in absorbing anions, which in this study is for the adsorption of nitrate anions. This research aims to prepare a new material that is superior to activated carbon in absorbing nitrate anions. This research was conducted in several stages. In the first stage, rice husk was carbonized through pyrolysis at 300°C for 10 minutes. In the second stage, carbon was activated using 30% ZnCl2 and microwaves for 5 minutes and 400 W. The third stage was modifying activated carbon by contacting or adsorbing HDTMA-Br on activated carbon. The concentration of HDTMA-Br varied at 200-400 ppm and the adsorption time was 3-7 hours. The success of the modification was measured by the efficiency of HDTMA-Br in modifying activated carbon. This is supported by the results of the characterization of FTIR, GSA, SEM, and thermodynamic parameters. The resulting SMAC was applied for the adsorption of nitrate anions, and the results were compared to carbon and activated carbon. The results indicate that the best SMAC is formed at an optimum concentration of 300 ppm, within 4 hours, with an adsorption efficiency of 97.345%. The characterization results also show that SMAC has been formed, as evidenced by the presence of a peak at a wavenumber of about 1500 cm-1, a C-N group derived from N(CH3)3 in the HDTMA-Br surfactant structure. The SMAC spectra also appeared weak peaks at the wave number 2918 cm-1, which indicated the CH2-R group stretching from the HDTMA-Br surfactant. SEM image shows that HDTMA-Br has covered the pores of activated carbon. Meanwhile, the SMAC surface area is lower than that of activated carbon. Thermodynamic parameters indicate that HDTMA-Br interacts physically with activated carbon. The adsorption capacity of nitrate anion by SMAC is 3,638 mg/g, higher than carbon and activated carbon.

Synthesis of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) and Hexadecyltrimethylammonium Bromide (HDTMA-Br) Surfactant-Modified Activated Carbon as Adsorbent for Pb2+ and NO3- Arnelli Arnelli; Rahmatul Fazira; Yayuk Astuti; Ahmad Suseno
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 23, No 11 (2020): Volume 23 Issue 11 Year 2020
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

The adsorption efficiency and selectivity of activated carbon as an adsorbent for ions can be improved. One way is to convert activated carbon into surfactant modified activated carbon (SMAC). The surfactants used in this study were the anionic surfactant Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) and the cationic surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMA-Br). This research aims to synthesize SMAC to obtain a material with a surface charge and absorb ions better than activated carbon. This research consisted of four stages. The first step was the carbonization of rice husks using a pyrolysis reactor at 400°C for 1 hour. The second stage was carbon activation using 30% ZnCl2 and microwave radiation for 5 minutes and 400 W. The third stage was the modification of activated carbon and characterization by FTIR, SEM, SAA. The fourth stage was the adsorption of Pb cations and nitrate anions by carbon, activated carbon, and SMAC. Several variables were applied, such as the type of surfactant, time, and method of modification. There are three ways of modification: (1) method A, in which activated carbon is brought into contact with SLS then HDTMA-Br. (2) Method B in which activated carbon was contacted with HDTMA-Br then SLS. (3) Method C in which activated carbon was brought into contact with SLS together with HDTMA-Br. All variables were investigated. The results showed that the optimum time for making SMAC for both surfactants was 4 hours, the optimum concentrations of SLS and HDTMA-Br were 60 and 300 ppm, respectively. SMAC made by the C method was the most effective at adsorbing Pb2+ and NO3- with adsorption capacities of 1.376 and 0.896 mg/g, respectively. The success of SMAC synthesis was evidenced by the S=O and (CH3)3N+ groups in the FTIR spectra. The SMAC surface area is smaller than activated carbon, 14.472 m2/g, but the surface morphology is smoother and more homogeneous.

Korosi Besi dengan Elektrolit H2SO4 dan Karakterisasi Produk Richard Leonardo Sianturi; Linda Suyati; Yayuk Astuti
Greensphere: Journal of Environmental Chemistry Vol 1, No 2 (2021): Volume 1 Issue 2 tahun 2021
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang penentuan laju reaksi korosi pada besi dalam air dan elektrolit asam sulfat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan laju korosi dengan menggunakan metode pengurangan berat, menentukan karakterisitik produk dengan FTIR untuk mengidentifikasi gugus fungsi dari produk, menentukan karakteristik XRD untuk mengetahui struktur lingkup material dari produkdan menentukan kinetika reaksi produk terbaik. Metode yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini terdiri dari 3 tahap, yaitu preparasi larutan H2SO4 0.0675M, 0.125M, 0.25M, 0.5M dan 1M, karakterisasi produk dan uji kinetika reaksi dengan variasi waktu 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 dan 75 menit. Hasil penelitian diperoleh endapan warna coklat dan karakterisasi FTIR Fe2O3 terlihat pada puncak 586 cm-1 Produk hasil reaksi antara besi dengan H2SO4 muncul puncak yang sedikit bergeser pada sudut 2θ 24,10o, 32,90odan 49,55o. Lalu pada hasil reaksi korosi besi dengan H2O muncul puncak sudut 2θ pada 24,36o, 33,24odan 49,43o. Peningkatan kecepatan korosi seiring dengan meningkatnya konsentrasi dari larutan asam sulfat. Konstanta laju order satu dan dua berturut-turut sebesar 1.28 x 10-3 menit-1 dan 2,9 x 10-4 M-1 menit-1.

Pembuatan Karbon Aktif Termodifikasi Surfaktan Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SMAC-SLS) dari Tempurung Kelapa Menggunakan Aktivator ZnCl2 dan Gelombang Mikro Sebagai Adsorben Kation Pb(II) Anisyah Anisyah; Arnelli Arnelli; Yayuk Astuti
Greensphere: Journal of Environmental Chemistry Vol 1, No 1 (2021): Volume 1 Issue 1 tahun 2021
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Penelitian tentang modifikasi karbon aktif tempurung kelapa dengan surfaktan sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) telah dilakukan sebagai adsorben logam Pb(II). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat material baru Surfactant Modificated Activated Carbon (SMAC) dari tempurung kelapa yang lebih unggul dari karbon aktif untuk adsorben logam Pb(II). Penelitian ini terdiri dari beberapa tahap, tahap pertama adalah karbonisasi tempurung kelapa mengunakan pirolisis pada temperatur 400oC selama 1 jam, tahap kedua aktivasi menggunakan ZnCl2 30% dan radisasi gelombang mikro dengan daya bervariasi 80 -800 W selama waktu bervariasi 1 – 9 menit, tahap ketiga modifikasi karbon aktif menggunakan SLS 60 ppm selama 4 jam dan selanjutnya tahap aplikasi SMAC untuk adsorben logam Pb. Karakterisasi SMAC dilakukan adalah dengan FTIR, GSA, SEM dan data termodinamika. keberhasilan adsorpsi SMAC diukur dengan menentukan kapasitas adsorpsi. Hasil modifikasi menunjukkan karbon aktif dapat mengadsorpsi SLS sebesar 1,496 mg/g. Karakterisasi SMAC dengan FTIR menunjukkan adanya pucak S=O pada bilangan gelombang 1341 cm-1, karakterisasi dengan GSA menunjukkan luas area SMAC lebih kecil dari karbon aktif yaitu sebesar 3,924 m2/g, morfologi permukaan SMAC sebagian besar tertutup oleh surfaktan SLS dan data termodinamika memberikan nilai entalpi sebesar -10,282 kJ/mol yang menunjukkan interaksi antara karbon aktif dan SLS merupakan interaksi atau adsorpsi secara fisik. SMAC efektif mengadsorpsi logam Pb(II) dengan efisiensi sebesar 99,89% dan kapasitas sebesar 1,498 mg/g dan interaksi antara SMAC dengan kation Pb (II) merupakan interaksi elektrostatis.Kata Kunci: SMAC, Kapasitas Adsorpsi, kation Pb

Use of Microwave Radiation for Activating Carbon from Rice Husk Using ZnCl2 Activator Arnelli Arnelli; Ulya Hanifah Henrika Putri; Fandi Nasrun Cholis; Yayuk Astuti
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 22, No 6 (2019): Volume 22 Issue 6 Year 2019
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Activated carbon is one of the most commonly used adsorbents in a variety of separation processes because it is inexpensive, and also the design and principal of application are quite simple. The ability of activated carbon as an adsorbent is related to its large surface area and pore volume, varying pore structure, and diverse surface reactivity. The use of microwave radiation can further improve the efficiency of activated carbon adsorption. Micro-waves can affect the pore texture and surface of the activated carbon, but rarely do both practitioners and researchers control these variables influencing the relationship between features and performance of biomass-based activated carbon as an adsorbent at the time of manufacture from the initial stage (carbonation) to carbon application active (e.g., adsorption of heavy metals, surfactants, and organic molecules). This study aims to synthesize activated carbon from rice husk, which has the efficiency and capacity of adsorption of heavy metals such as Pb and activator organic molecules used is ZnCl2 30% and microwave radiation. This research has succeeded in making activated carbon using the ZnCl2 activator and microwave radiation. The time and power of microwave radiation that provides the highest efficiency in the carbon activation process for Pb ion adsorbate, were 7 minutes and 800 W. For phenol adsorbate was 5 minutes at 800 W. The highest efficiency time and concentration of adsorption for Pb ion adsorbate were 40 minutes at 60 ppm while for phenol adsorbate were 5 hours at 100 ppm. The adsorption efficiency for Pb cation adsorbate was 99.57%. While for phenol adsorbate is 81.05%. Characterization with FTIR, SEM-EDX, and SAA showed a C-Cl bond, the pores were visible, and an increased surface area of activated carbon was 36.9 times the surface area of carbon and the pores formed were mesoporous.

Utilization and Characterization of Oyster Shell as Chitosan and Nanochitosan Lia Handayani; Faisal Syahputra; Yayuk Astuti
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 21, No 4 (2018): volume 21 Issue 4 Year 2018
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Oyster is one of bivalve groups widely consumed by human, thus, it results in producing huge waste shells affecting the environment. One way to increase the value of oyster shells is to process them into chitosan. This study aims to isolate chitin then synthesize it into chitosan and convert chitosan into nano-sized chitosan and analyze the characteristics. The steps to produce chitosan from waste shells included demineralization using HCl 1 N and deproteinization using NaOH 3%. The next step was to convert chitin into chitosan through a deacetylation process using NaOH 50%. After chitosan was formed, it was continued to convert chitosan into nano chitosan particles using ion gelation method with the addition of surfactant (tween 80) and crosslinker (TPP 0.1% and 0.5%). The results showed that yield of transformation chitin into chitosan was 61.1%. Meanwhile, the yield calculated from initial weight of raw material was 18.33% with deacetylation degree value equal to 89.14%. Based on morphological analysis using SEM, the size of chitosan particles was not distributed homogeneously that was in the range of 892 nm-1.54 μm, while the nano chitosan particle size obtained was uniformly formed in the range of 679 nm-910 nm.

Pengaruh Rasio LiBOB:TiO2 dari Lembaran Polimer Elektrolit sebagai Pemisah terhadap Kinerja Elektrokimia Baterai Lithium-Ion Berbasis LTO Agriccia Pangestica Saputry; Titik Lestariningsih; Yayuk Astuti
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 22, No 4 (2019): Volume 22 Issue 4 Year 2019
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

LTO anode-based Ion-Lithium batteries with artificial polymer electrolyte sheets consisting of PVdF-HFP, TiO2, and LiBOB as well as commercial sheets and with electrolyte solutions LiTFSI and LiPF6 have been made by assembling method. The changing variables in this study were the ratio between TiO2 and LiBOB for separator sheets and types of electrolytes used, namely, LiTFSI and LiPF6. Some characterizations were undertaken to determine battery performance including battery voltage determination, Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) testing to measure battery cell performance, and Electrochemical Impedance Spectrometry (EIS) analysis to measure battery conductivity values. The results showed that the presence of LiBOB and TiO2 at the separator in the battery can improve the performance of LTO-based lithium batteries. Artificial separator sheets with a composition ratio of TiO2: LiBOB of 5:25 with electrolyte solution LiPF6 which produces work stress, potential difference, and ionic conductivity of 3.06 V; 0.3 V; and 1.486x10-6 Scm-1 is the best possible to be applied to lithium-ion batteries.

Synthesis of Zeolite from Sugar Cane as Detergent Builder: Variation of Si/Al Ratio and Hydrothermal TimeSynthesis of Zeolite from Sugar Cane as Detergent Builder: Variation of Si/Al Ratio and Hydrothermal Time Arnelli Arnelli; Noor Afifah; Narita Rizki; Tri Windarti; Yayuk Astuti
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 21, No 1 (2018): Volume 21 Issue 1 Year 2018
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Synthesis of zeolite from bagasse with variation of Si / Al ratio (1,2,1,4,1,6 and 1,8) with ZS1-ZS5 code and hydrothermal time (160, 190, 250, 340, and 460 minutes) with sample code ZSa - ZSe has been conducted. The synthesized zeolite was then applied to the detergent builder. The detergent builder of synthetic zeolite was used as a substitute for sodium tripolyphosphate, which is not environmentally friendly as it can lead to eutrophication. One of the detergent builder functions is to improve the washing efficiency of the surfactant by inactivating water-absorbing minerals (Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions) which may further deter the detergency process. Zeolites were synthesized using a sol-gel method followed by a hydrothermal process. The material used in this synthesis is Na2SiO3 (aq) (derived from bagasse) mixed with NaAl(OH)4 (aq), then stirred to form a white gel and continued by heating using autoclave at 100°C. The results obtained are zeolite-A and zeolt-X for variation of Si/Al ratio and hydrothermal time variation, with CEC value and detergency proportional to Si/Al ratio and hydrothermal time.

Zeolite and Charcoal as Potential Adsorbents in Tubs of Oxydation Ditch I and Oxydation Ditch II at Water Treatment and Composting Plant (WTCP) PT. Djarum Kudus Rissa Kharismawati; Redi Joko Prasetyo; Yayuk Astuti
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 21, No 2 (2018): Volume 21 Issue 2 Year 2018
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

This study aims to determine the mass of zeolite and charcoal required as lime nutrient adsorbent (Ca(OH)2) in reducing pH, TSS, COD, and SV values in tubs of oxidation of ditches I and II in Water Treatment and Composting Plant (WTCP) PT. Djarum Kudus with the principle of adsorption. The methods used were jar test and spectrophotometry. The adsorbents used were chalk (Ca(OH)2), zeolite, and charcoal added to the tub samples of oxydation ditch I and oxidation ditch II by variation of mass for every adsorbent, that were 2 gram, 4 gram and 6 gram. The results showed that zeolite and charcoal were more effective than charchoal in lowering pH, COD, TSS and SV values in tubs of oxidation ditches I and II on the addition of 6 gram in 500 ml of sample.

Adsorption of HDTMA-Br surfactant with concentration variation by rice husk-based activated carbon produced by variation of carbonization temperature Galih N. R. Pargiman; Arnelli Arnelli; Yayuk Astuti
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 21, No 4 (2018): volume 21 Issue 4 Year 2018
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Research has been conducted on the adsorption of HDTMA-Br surfactant by rice husk-activated carbon with variation of carbonization temperature and concentration of HDTMA-Br. This study aims to produce surfactant modified activated carbon (SMAC), therefore it is necessary to determine the influence of carbonization temperature to the adsorption capability of activated carbon on HDTMA-Br surfactant by identifying the amount of HDTMA-Br surfactant absorbed, to characterize the characters of carbon, activated carbon and activated carbon adsorbing surfactant using FTIR and SAA. Carbonization was carried out by pyrolysis with temperature variations of 300, 350 and 400°C. The carbon produced was activated using 60% H3PO4 for 1 hour. After that, the activated carbon was applied to adsorb HDTMA-Br surfactant by varying the concentration that were 300, 1100, 1900, 2700, 3500 and 4300 ppm. The results showed that HDTMA-Br adsorbed tended to increase by increasing the concentration of surfactant. In addition, the best carbonization temperature showing high adsorption capability of activated carbon was at 300°C. FTIR spectra of activated carbon showed the presence of P = O peak; at the SMAC sampel there was peak of N-(CH3)3 with different intensities in three samples. Moreover, SAA analysis showed that the surface area of activated carbon increased compared to carbon and slightly decreased after the activated carbon absorbed HDTMA-Br.

Co-Authors Abdul Jabbar Adi Darmawan ADI SANTOSO Agriccia Pangestica Saputry Ahmad Suseno Alfi Saadah Alfiansyah Alfiansyah Amilia Fauziyah Anisyah Anisyah Annisa Syifaurrahma Arnelli Arnelli Arum Dista Wulansari Aswadi Aswadi Aulia Zahra Ekaningsih Azwar Thaib Bara Yunianto Fathoni Brainy Happy Ana Tasiman Brainy Happy Ana Tasiman Brigita Maria Listyani Cut Rahmawati Daniswara, Lufthansyah Dayadi, Dayadi Didi Dwi Anggoro Didik Setyo Widodo Ecca, Suleha Esti Ayu Faisal Syahputra Fandi Nasrun Cholis Faradina Azahra Zaqia Fauzan Musthafa Febrianti, Devi Fitriani Solichah Galih N. R. Pargiman Gaurav A. Bhaduri Geminastiti Sakkir Gunawan Gunawan HARTATI Hartati Hartati Hasanuddin, Fenny Hasim Muzadi Hendri Widiyandari Hendri Widiyandari Hendri Widyandari Hermasnyah, Sam Husnayani, Husnayani Ibrahim, Abdul Gafur Iis Nurhasanah Iis Nurhasanah Irman, Iriani Isumarni, Isumarni Jamaluddin Ahmad Jufri, Al Jafar Jumiati Jumiati Khalik, Suhartini Khoiri, Rahma Lia Handayani Lia Handayani Lia Handayani Linda Suyati Luqman Buchori M. S.H. Yoga S. Majid, Abdul Majid Zainuddin Mega Bara Cahyantari Muh. Fajar, Muh. Muh. Rohady Ramadhan Muhammad Hanafi Muhammad Rusdi Muslim, Agus Mustanir, Ahmad Nabila Amalia Izaaz Aanisa Narita Rizki Nayla Zahra Kamalia Nonci, Nurjannah Noor Afifah Nur Hidayati Nurhayati Nurhayati Nurhayati Nurhayati Nurlaelah Nurlaelah, Nurlaelah Nurul Latifah Nurwidah, Andi Pandji Triadiyaksa Pardoyo Pardoyo Pardoyo Pardoyo Popi Hadi Wisnu Wardhani Prasetya, Eko Fery Prisca Putri Elesta Pungki Hanipa R Kasau, Nurzin Rahayu, R.A. Yunita Suci Rahayu, Yunita Suci Rahmatul Fazira Rahmawati Rahmawati Ramdan, Ramdan Rasman Ratna Balgis Redi Joko Prasetyo Richard Leonardo Sianturi Rissa Kharismawati Rizka Andianingrum Roni Adi Wijaya Saade, Muhammad Faisal Samratusabri Subehan Siringoringo, Eliezer Patardo Siti Fatimah Siti Nurhayati Siti Susanti, Siti Slamet Priyono Tamrin, Muh Tang, Jusman Taslimah Taslimah Teguh Iman Prastyo Titik Lestariningsih Titik Lestariningsih Tri Windarti Tri Windarti Triadiyaksa, Pandji Trie Nanda Mulyana Trisnasari, Damayanti Ulya Hanifah Henrika Putri Vega Norma Rafika Putri Wijayanti, Septi Yeni Aprilia Yusrianti Yusrianti, Yusrianti Zulfahmi Zulfahmi

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