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Delphi methods as an approach in architecture research: Opportunities and pitfalls Anisza Ratnasari; Yohanes Basuki Dwisusanto; Sahid
ARTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur Vol 11 No 1 (2026): ARTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur | January 2026 ~ March 2026
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur Fakultas Teknik Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30822/arteks.v11i1.4616

Abstract

Participatory approaches hold significant relevance within complex architectural research, serving as a vital link between theoretical inquiry and practical implementation. Among the prominent methods within this paradigm is the Delphi method, a systematic and iterative procedure that employs anonymous expert insights to cultivate collective agreement. While it has long been acknowledged for its strength in producing consensus, forecasting emerging tendencies, filtering conceptual propositions, and assessing issues that demand informed collective judgment, its utilization in architectural research remains comparatively limited. This study seeks to examine the Delphi method’s capabilities, delineate its strengths and constraints, and underscore its prospective contributions to architectural research practices. Employing a qualitative strategy through an integrative review of literature, data were gathered from 54 selected publications issued between 2000 and 2025. These data were subsequently interpreted using thematic content analysis. The results affirmed the Delphi method’s proficiency in generating impartial, multidisciplinary concurrence, its versatility in synthesizing diverse bodies of knowledge, and its particular relevance for navigating complex and future-oriented architectural challenges. Nevertheless, it also encounters obstacles such as participant withdrawal, the possibility of producing manufactured consensus, and inherent limitations in representing real-time social interactions. The methodological potential of the Delphi technique to broaden the boundaries of architectural research becomes even more substantial when combined with approaches such as the Analytic Hierarchy Process, Focus Group Discussions, or Q-Methodology.
A relational model of identity, symbolism, and representation in Soekarno-Era Monuments within the urban architecture of Jakarta Raden Mohamad Wisnu Ibadi; Yohanes Basuki Dwisusanto; Yohanes Karyadi Kusliansjah
ARTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur Vol 11 No 1 (2026): ARTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur | January 2026 ~ March 2026
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur Fakultas Teknik Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30822/arteks.v11i1.4803

Abstract

Identity, symbolism, and representation constitute central themes in architectural and urban theory; nevertheless, their relational integration within the context of city architecture is frequently addressed in a fragmented and partial manner. This study seeks to develop a relational framework that connects identity, symbol, and representation through a focused analysis of Jakarta’s urban architecture during the Soekarno era. Five monuments are selected as case studies based on Toto’s (2014) classification, which characterizes monuments from the Old Order period as visual manifestations of Soekarno’s nationalist ideology. The research adopts a qualitative approach, employing a combination of literature review and visual analysis. The data are obtained from scholarly publications, visual documentation of the selected monuments, and historical records concerning their planning and construction. From a methodological perspective, the analysis investigates the architectural representations embodied in the monuments, interprets the symbolic meanings they convey, and identifies the identity narratives communicated through their forms and spatial expressions. The findings indicate that urban identity serves as the foundational basis for the production of symbols, which are subsequently materialized as representations of nationalism within Jakarta’s urban architectural landscape. This relational process is conceptualized as the Identity–Symbol–Representation (I–S–R) framework. The study contributes to the development of a conceptual framework for understanding the ways in which city identity is constructed, articulated, and communicated through architectural symbols and representational forms.