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All Journal International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) SAINS MEDIKA : JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DAN KESEHATAN Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro Journal of Nutrition College Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Paediatrica Indonesiana Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Medica Hospitalia Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Life Science
Nani Maharani
Department Of Pharmacology And Therapy, Faculty Of Medicine, Diponegoro University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Other

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Effects of fermentation duration on α-glucosidase activity and vitamin C in temu mangga kombucha Zebua, Edarni; Maharani, Nani; Anjani, Gemala; Rustanti, Ninik; Al-Baari, Ahmad Ni’matullah
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 13 ISSUE 6, 2025
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21927/ijnd.2025.13(6).444-454

Abstract

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 (DMT2) merupakan gangguan metabolik yang semakin meningkat di Indonesia, ditandai dengan tingginya kadar gula darah akibat gangguan fungsi sel β pankreas. Pangan fungsional yang memiliki sifat antioksidan dan kemampuan menghambat enzim pencernaan karbohidrat, seperti kombucha, berpotensi mendukung pengelolaan DMT2.  Tujuan: Menganalisis aktivitas inhibisi enzim α-glukosidase dan kadar vitamin C pada kombucha temu mangga.  Metode: Penelitian eksperimental dilakukan di UPT Laboratorium Terpadu, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, mulai Agustus sampai November 2024, menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan empat lama fermentasi (5, 7, 10, dan 14 hari), masing-masing diulang tiga kali. Aktivitas penghambatan enzim α-glukosidase dan kadar vitamin C dianalisis menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 540 nm dan 265 nm. Data aktivitas inhibisi α-glukosidase dan kadar vitamin C dianalisis dengan ANOVA, jika hasil uji menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan (p<0,05) dilanjutkan uji Post Hoc Tukey untuk menentukan kelompok yang berbeda dan Kruskal Wallis digunakan jika data tidak berdistribusi normal.Hasil: Aktivitas penghambatan enzim α-glukosidase tertinggi diperoleh pada hari ke-14 fermentasi (75,84 ± 1,46%), menunjukkan penurunan signifikan dibandingkan kontrol (87,42 ± 0,96%). Kandungan vitamin C tertinggi ditemukan pada hari ke-5 fermentasi (2,06 ± 0,06 mg/100 mL), kemudian menurun seiring waktu fermentasi. Kesimpulan: Kombucha temu mangga menunjukkan potensi sebagai minuman fungsional yang mampu menghambat enzim α-glukosidase secara in vitro dan mengandung antioksidan yang relevan. Penelitian lanjutan diperlukan untuk menguji efektivitas dan keamanannya secara klinis pada manusia. KATA KUNCI : diabetes melitus; enzim α-glukosidase; kombucha; temu mangga (curcuma mangga); vitamin c  ABSTRACTBackground: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a growing metabolic disorder in Indonesia, associated with impaired pancreatic β-cell function and elevated blood glucose levels. Functional foods with antioxidant and enzyme-inhibitory properties, like kombucha, may support T2DM management.Objective: To analyze the inhibition activity of the α-glucosidase enzyme and the vitamin C content in temu mangga kombucha.Methods: An experimental study was conducted in UPT Laboratory, Diponegoro University, Semarang, from August to November 2024., using a completely randomized design with four fermentation durations (5, 7, 10, and 14 days), each in triplicate. α-Glucosidase inhibition and vitamin C levels were assessed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry at wavelengths of 540 nm and 265 nm. The inhibition activity data of α-glucosidase and vitamin C levels were analyzed using ANOVA. If the test results showed significant differences (p<0.05), a Tukey Post Hoc test was conducted to determine the different groups, and Kruskal-Wallis was used if the data were not normally distributed.Results: The highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was observed on day 14 (75.84 ± 1.46%), showing a significant reduction compared to the control (87.42 ± 0.96%). The highest vitamin C content (2.06 ± 0.06 mg/100 mL) was detected on day 5, followed by a gradual decline with prolonged fermentation.Conclusion: Temu mangga kombucha exhibits promising in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory potential and relevant antioxidant content. These findings suggest its potential as a dietary adjunct for T2DM management. However, in vivo studies are warranted to confirm its efficacy and safety in human subjects. KEYWORDS : α-glucosidase enzyme; diabetes mellitus; kombucha; temu mangga (curcuma mangga); vitamin cArticle submitted on January 31, 2025; Articles revised on February 20, 2025; Articles received on June 12, 2025; Articles available online on November 28, 2025
Rapid PCR-RFLP Screening of CYP21A2 Variants: Bridging Molecular Diagnostics in a Low-Resource Setting Larasati, Irene Astrid; Maharani, Nani; Utari, Agustini; Winarni, Tri Indah
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 12, No 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v12i1.30107

Abstract

Background: The 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD) accounted for the majority of autosomal recessive inherited congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) cases. A genetic test could offer a more thorough diagnostic approach because of the wide range of disease’s severity, but it was challenging in a resource-limited setting.Objective: To apply a simple and cost-effective rapid molecular screening for detecting the most common CYP21A2 variants causing salt-wasting (SW) CAH.Methods: DNA extraction was conducted using a salting out method from a venous blood sample taken from 49 CAH patients without prior genetic testing. A PCR-RFLP approach was utilized using primer sets specifically designed to anneal to the CYP21A2. Specific restriction enzymes were selected to cleave the DNA sequence, differentiating the wild and mutant type, i.e, the p.Arg357Trp, p.Gln318Ter, IVS2-13A/C>G, and exon 6 cluster. Samples positive for those mutation types detected from DNA sequencing, used as positive controls.Results: The most common variant was IVS2-13A/C>G, detected in 26 out of 27 patients. Only 6.1% of 49 patients were found to have the p.Gln318Ter variant. Both the p.Arg357Trp and exon 6 cluster carried inconclusive results. All patients detected with the IVS2-13A/C>G and p.Gln318Ter had a phenotype of SW CAH.Conclusion: The PCR-RFLP was an advantageous method for identifying CYP21A2 variants in a low-resource setting. Nevertheless, the use of multiplex ligation-probe dependent amplification (MLPA) and Sanger sequencing offered a comprehensive analysis to discover novel variants that could help with patients' diagnosis and treatment.
Ramadan Fasting and Anthropometric Parameters: The Role of MC4R rs17782313 Genotype in Adults Semarang, Indonesia Kurniawan, Kezia Yunandra; Yocku, Monica Hermina Sharon Otline; Savitri, Rachmania Anggita; Haq, Arynal; Maharani, Nani; Fulyani, Faizah; Noer, Etika Ratna; Pramono, Adriyan
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 12, No 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v12i1.29501

Abstract

Background: The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene regulates energy balance and food intake. The rs17782313 variant has been linked to altered homeostasis and eating behavior, and may also affect anthropometric and body composition responses during Ramadan fasting.Objective: To examine the effects of Ramadan fasting on anthropometric parameters, body composition, and macronutrient intake across different MC4R genotypes in adults.Methods: Thirty-five subjects were genotyped and grouped into recessive (TT, n=15) and dominant (TC+CC, n=20) allele carriers. Anthropometric and body composition measurements, dietary intake (SQ-FFQ), and physical activity (IPAQ-SF) were assessed before, during, and after Ramadan. Genetic data for rs17782313 were obtained from a prior investigation. Repeated Measures ANCOVA, adjusted for energy intake and physical activity, evaluated genotype and time effects.Results: The recessive group (TT) showed higher values than the dominant group (TC+CC), with significant differences in body weight, BMI, hip circumference, and visceral fat across all time points (p<0.05). Waist circumference differed significantly during and after Ramadan, while BMR differed only before fasting (p<0.05). Macronutrient intake and physical activity did not differ significantly, although protein and fat intake changes post-Ramadan were notable (p<0.05). A significant time–activity interaction was found for body weight (p=0.041). TT carriers experienced greater anthropometric benefits from Ramadan fasting compared to TC+CC carriers.Conclusion: Ramadan fasting significantly influences anthropometric parameters, body composition, and macronutrient intake across MC4R genotypes. Greater responses were observed in recessive carriers (TT), although fasting outcomes were also shaped by nutrition and physical activity. These findings highlight the interplay of genetic and environmental factors in energy regulation during Ramadan.
THE EFFECT OF MUNTINGIA CALABURA ETHANOLIC LEAVES EXTRACT FOR ASPIRIN-INDUCED GASTRIC MUCOSAL DAMAGE Rizky, Almaarif Faiq; Annisaa', Eva; Maharani, Nani; Utomo, Astika Widy
Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 15, No 3 (2026): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v15i3.54192

Abstract

Background: Muntingia calabura leaves have been claimed to relieve pain, fever, inflammation, and many others. Many studies has already prove the potential of these leaves as anti-inflammation, anti-nociceptive, and anti-proliferative. It might have capability to protect gaster from ulcer. Objective: This study aimed to know the effect of Muntingia calabura ethanolic leaves extract (MCELE) for aspirin-induced gastric mucosal damage on wistar rats. Methods: Twenty-five wistar rats is divided into 5 groups. K2 group (aspirin 300 mg/kg. K1, P1, P2, and P3 group received misoprostol 100 mcg/kg, MCELE 100 mg/kg, MCELE 250 mg/kg, and MCELE 500 mg/kg respectively 1 hour before the administration of aspirin 300 mg/kg. All treatments were administered orally once daily for 7 consecutives days. On day 8, all rats were sacrificed, and gastric tissues were collected for histopathological examination. The tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and evaluated under light microscopy to assess mucosal damage, including desqumasion, epithelial erosion, and ulceration. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by the Mann-Whitney test for pairwise comparisons. Differences were considered statictically siginificant at p<0.05. Results: Histopathology test result showed a significant difference between K1 group and K2 group (p=0.003). Each treatment group also showed a significant difference when compared to K2 group (p<0.05). P3 group and K1 group showed a similar effect on rat’s gastric mucosa (p=1.000). Conclusion: Administration of MCELE may lower gastric mucosal damage on wistar rats induced by aspirin, with 500 mg/kg dose is almost as effective as standard drugs (Misoprostol).
Co-Authors Abraham Talent Bawadi Sibarani Adriyan Pramono Agustini Utari Aisy, Rihadatul Al-Baari, Ahmad Ni’matullah Amin Husni Anjani, Gemala Ardyarini, Hikmatunnisa Tri Asri, Hairul Astika Widy Utomo, Astika Widy Awal Prasetyo Bahrudin Besari Adi Pramono Budiono, Bernardus Parish Cecilia Noviyanti Salim Dzaki Edmonda Setyawan Edarni Zebua Edi Dharmana Endang Mahati Endang Mahati Etika Ratna Noer Eva Annisaa Farmaditya EP Mundhofir Ferdy Kurniawan Cayami Ferry Sandra Fulyani, Faizah Gatot Irawan Sarosa, Gatot Irawan Haq, Arynal Hery Djagat Purnomo Hesti Triwahyu Hutami Hisatome, Ichiro Ika Pawitra Miranti Indriyati, Rita Intan Rahmania Eka Dini Jaeri, Santoso Julian Dewantiningrum Kurniawan, Kezia Yunandra Kuwabara, Masanari Larasati, Irene Astrid Li, Peili M Ali Sobirin Manda Petrina Martin Adhitya Subagio Meita Hendrianingtyas Muhammad Thifan Satyagraha Muniroh, Muflihatul Neni Susilaningsih Ninik Rustanti Ninomiya, Haruaki Nugraha, Eka Djatnika Pratama, Reza Dian Qolby, Qonita Nur Qorina Putri Srisantoso Rahajeng, Herera Rayvita AN Meagratia Rebriarina Hapsari Retnaningsih Retnaningsih Reza Dian Pratama Rizky Aditya Fardhani Rizky, Almaarif Faiq Ryco Giftyan Ardika Savitri, Rachmania Anggita Selamat Budijitno Sihombing, Nydia Rena Benita Sultana MH Faradz Surya Utoyo, Frederick Taufiq, Fikri Tri Indah Winarni Udadi Sadhana, Udadi Udin Bahrudin Udin Bahrudin, Udin Wibowo, Erwin Widiastiti, Nyoman Suci Widyastuti, Esti Wiwik Lestari Yan Wisnu Prajoko Yocku, Monica Hermina Sharon Otline Yora Nindita Yuriz Bakhtiar