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Aspergilloma Mimicry of Lung Cancer: A Case Report Bagus HS, Muhammad; Irvan Medison; Dewi Wahyu Fitrina; Dessy Mizarti
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 8 No. 7 (2024): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v8i7.1018

Abstract

Background: Aspergilloma and lung cancer have similar risk factors, clinical features, and supporting features. Special supporting examinations are needed to rule out the differential diagnosis of aspergilloma. Case presentation: A 52-year-old male patient with coughing up blood and risk factors for smoking had a chest X-ray and computed tomography scan (CT scan) of the thorax and found a picture of a lung tumor. Bronchoscopy was carried out, and a bronchial lavage culture was carried out for the impression of Aspergillosis, given 1x150 mg of fluconazole for 6 months with improved clinical results and chest radiographs as well as negative sputum culture results. Conclusion: This patient showed the condition of aspergilloma mimicking lung cancer.
Rare Presentation of Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria: A Case of Lung Infection with Pleural Effusion Ventiani, Nadia; Dewi Wahyu F.; Irvan Medison; Dessy Mizarti
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 8 No. 11 (2024): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v8i11.1122

Abstract

Background: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are environmental organisms that can cause pulmonary infections, particularly in individuals with predisposing conditions. While NTM lung disease is increasingly recognized, pleural effusion as a complication remains uncommon, posing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This case emphasizes the importance of a high index of suspicion, comprehensive microbiological investigations, and bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of NTM lung disease with pleural effusion. Case presentation: We present the case of a 55-year-old male farmer with a history of smoking, who presented with progressive dyspnea, cough, and constitutional symptoms. Initial investigations suggested tuberculosis, but sputum tests were negative. Chest imaging revealed a right pleural effusion and cavitary lung lesions. Pleural fluid analysis showed an exudative pattern with elevated adenosine deaminase (ADA) but negative for acid-fast bacilli. Bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage culture yielded Mycobacterium other than tuberculosis (MOTT). The patient was diagnosed with NTM lung disease complicated by pleural effusion and initiated on multidrug therapy. Conclusion: This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of NTM lung disease, particularly when presenting with pleural effusion. A high index of suspicion, comprehensive microbiological investigations, and bronchoscopy are crucial for accurate diagnosis. Prompt initiation of appropriate multidrug therapy is essential for optimal outcomes.
Leukopenia as a Prognostic Factor in Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia with Sepsis: A Case Report Irawan, Dandy; Irvan Medison; Dewi Wahyu Fitrina; Dessy Mizarti
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 8 No. 12 (2024): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v8i12.1149

Abstract

Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a major cause of sepsis, and severe CAP with sepsis is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Leukopenia, a decrease in white blood cell count, has been identified as a potential prognostic factor in sepsis, suggesting a poorer outcome. This case report aims to evaluate the role of leukopenia in predicting the clinical course and outcome of a patient with severe CAP and sepsis. Case presentation: A 73-year-old male presented with complaints of shortness of breath, cough, fever, and altered mental status. He was diagnosed with severe CAP with sepsis and sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). Laboratory investigations revealed leukopenia. The patient's clinical condition improved over 10 days of treatment, coinciding with an improvement in his white blood cell count. Conclusion: This case report highlights the potential prognostic value of leukopenia in patients with severe CAP and sepsis. The patient's clinical improvement paralleled the recovery of his white blood cell count, suggesting that leukopenia may serve as a marker of disease severity and treatment response. Further studies are needed to validate these findings and establish the role of leukopenia in the management of severe CAP with sepsis.
Pleural Amebiasis Mimicking Pleural Effusion: A Case Report Sari Handayani Utami; Irvan Medison; Dewi Wahyu Fitrina; Dessy Mizarti
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i1.1168

Abstract

Background: Pleural amebiasis is a rare manifestation of extraintestinal amebiasis, primarily occurring due to the rupture of an amebic liver abscess into the pleural space. We present an unusual case of pleural amebiasis in an elderly woman without any evidence of liver involvement. Case presentation: A 78-year-old female presented with a two-month history of progressive dyspnea, cough, and right-sided chest pain. She had a history of consuming raw vegetables. Examination revealed right-sided pleural effusion, which was confirmed by chest radiography and thoracic ultrasound. Pleural fluid analysis showed exudative effusion and microscopic examination demonstrated the presence of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites. Despite the absence of a liver abscess on abdominal ultrasound, the patient was diagnosed with pleural amebiasis based on the pleural fluid findings. She was successfully treated with metronidazole and drainage of the pleural fluid. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of considering pleural amebiasis as a differential diagnosis in patients with pleural effusion, even in the absence of liver involvement. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment with metronidazole and drainage are crucial for a favorable outcome.
Do Ventilator Bundles Reduce Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia? A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Reski Anugrah Zuandra; Irvan Medison; Russilawati
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i3.1233

Abstract

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a serious complication in mechanically ventilated patients, leading to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Ventilator bundles are evidence-based practices aimed at preventing VAP. This meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness of ventilator bundles in reducing VAP incidence in critically ill adults. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was conducted from January 2013 to December 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing ventilator bundles to standard care in adult patients receiving mechanical ventilation were included. The primary outcome was the incidence of VAP. Secondary outcomes included mortality, length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and duration of mechanical ventilation. Pooled risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model. Results: Nine RCTs involving 2,850 patients met the inclusion criteria. The implementation of ventilator bundles was associated with a significant reduction in VAP incidence (RR 0.68, 95% CI 0.55-0.84, p=0.0002). Mortality (RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.75-1.05, p=0.16) and duration of mechanical ventilation (mean difference -1.2 days, 95% CI -2.8 to 0.4, p=0.13) did not significantly differ between groups. However, a significant reduction in ICU length of stay was observed in the ventilator bundle group (mean difference -2.1 days, 95% CI -3.5 to -0.7, p=0.004). Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrates that ventilator bundles are effective in reducing VAP incidence in critically ill adults. While no significant impact on mortality was observed, ventilator bundles were associated with a shorter ICU length of stay. These findings reinforce the importance of implementing ventilator bundles as a standard of care in ICUs to improve patient outcomes.
High-Frequency Chest Wall Oscillation versus Conventional Airway Clearance Techniques in Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis: A Meta-Analysis Dzaki Murtadho; Irvan Medison; Deddy Herman
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i4.1255

Abstract

Background: Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) is a chronic lung disease characterized by irreversible airway dilation and impaired mucociliary clearance, leading to chronic cough, sputum production, and recurrent infections. This meta-analysis aims to compare the efficacy of high-frequency chest wall oscillation (HFCWO) with conventional airway clearance techniques (CACT) in adults with NCFB. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus databases was conducted from January 2013 to March 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing HFCWO with CACT (postural drainage, percussion, active cycle of breathing technique, positive expiratory pressure therapy) in adults with NCFB were included. The primary outcomes were a change in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and sputum weight. Secondary outcomes included quality of life, exacerbation frequency, and adverse events. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool. Data were pooled using a random-effects model, and heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic. Results: Nine RCTs involving a total of 485 participants were included. The meta-analysis showed no statistically significant difference in FEV1 change between HFCWO and CACT (mean difference [MD] 0.05 L, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.02 to 0.12; I² = 45%). HFCWO was associated with a statistically significant increase in sputum weight compared to CACT. SGRQ total score showed a statistically significant improvement in the HFCWO group compared to CACT (MD -4.21, 95% CI -7.88 to -0.54; I² = 58%). Conclusion: HFCWO may provide a modest benefit in terms of increased sputum clearance and improved quality of life compared to CACT in adults with NCFB. However, there was no significant difference in lung function (FEV1) or exacerbation frequency. The moderate to high heterogeneity in some outcomes suggests that further research is needed to confirm these findings and identify patient subgroups who may benefit most from HFCWO.