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Evaluation and Study of the Cost of Illness of Tuberculosis in Indonesia: A Systematic Review Nova, Hikmah; Nita, Yunita; Priyandani, Yuni
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 6 No. 1: MARCH 2026
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v6i1.6854

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health challenge in Indonesia, ranking among the highest global TB burden countries. The financial burden of TB is substantial, encompassing direct medical costs, indirect income losses, and catastrophic household expenditures. Although systematic reviews on TB-related cost-of-illness (COI) have been conducted in various settings, this study aims to fill critical gaps in Indonesian TB financial data, provide comparative regional insights, and offer actionable policy recommendations. Methods: This study used the Systematic Review (SR) method on articles relevant to: COI, disease cost evaluation, or therapy costs for tuberculosis. Articles are examined in English or Indonesian; obtain full text through several search engines such as: PUBMED, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and SCOPUS; research coverage in Indonesia; and in an unlimited time frame. Results: A total of 11 eligible articles were obtained based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The direct cost of TB-DS ranges from Rp2.2-5.8 million, while TB-MDR reaches Rp190 million. Indirect costs due to loss of revenue reached Rp481.5 million for MDR-TB. Catastrophic costs occurred in 83% of TB-MDR households and 36% of TB-DS, exceeding 20% of annual income. Most patients were men of productive age (18-45 years), with 82.33% losing their jobs during treatment. These findings highlight the need for strategic interventions to reduce the economic impact of TB. Conclusions: The impact of moderate financial burdens and other medical aspects on institutions and individuals is caused by tuberculosis. Further research should be conducted related to this study to obtain a larger estimate.
Co-Authors Abdul Rahem, Abdul Achmad Ridwan, Achmad Adinda Siti Almirah Fatima Alfiana Istighfarin Amanda, Natasya Noor Ana Yuda Ananda Indzar Kholilah Ananda, Yussi Anatasya Andini Setiawan Angelica Kresnamurti Aprilia Purwita As Sulton, Alfiansyah Maulana Aswarliansyah Ayu Dewi Sartika Byandra, Naila Devita Ivana Putri Diamita, Bernardina Dihan Asnafin Fadhila Dina Syauqina Hamid Dinara Fathya Rahma P Ditha Carolina Emanuella Elian Haris Darmawan Elida Zairina Fauziyyah Labibah Firdaus, Favian Rafif Gamar, Fahmi Haitsami Ibnu Gesnita Nugraheni Hamidah, Nabilah Nur Hanifiyah, Izzatu Al Hasna, Safina Hanifa Hermansyah, Andi Ihda Nuril Fitriani Iim Suhaemi, Iim Ike Septi Marinda Indah Pratiwi Aryani Kevin Hermawan Hutahaean Kristiani, Ananda Dwi Laras, Kirana Sekar Libriansyah M Aqbil Izzul Haq Mahanggi, Oktarina Maldini, Cindy Andrifo Marensa Faradilla Mareta Rindang Andarsari Marita Belia Putri Muhammad Rizky Nadilah Sobrina Zakiroh Nafi' Nur Hidayah Nafisah Putri Syaharani Najmi MY. Tunggeng Nasywa Ekgi Cahyani Ningsih, Sulistiya Noor Baihaqi, Reihan Ananta Noorrizka, Gusti Nova, Hikmah Pratiwi, Kusma Ayu Priyandani, Yuni Puspitasari, Hanni Prihhastuti Putri Anggi Aprilia Marcelina Putri, Fida Roesdiana Putri, Sonia Anggitha Rahmawati, Diana Aulia Ridzhan Mawasa Riza Alfian Rokayah Rokayah Rosinta Dewi Anggraeni Sapna Rizka Salsabila Sari, Febrina Kurnia SETIAWAN, Catur Dian Setyawan, Rr. Elmira Sidiq, Kadavi Arafat Silalahi, Zavirah Suhaemi, Iim Talitha Danendra Putri Tsabita, Irdandia Maitsa Tyrzaurra Amalya Maharani Umi Athiyah, Umi Virly Natalia Wahyuningtyas, Afifah Rahma Wardhani, Dewanti Wijaya, Aurellia Chance Za'im Hanif Al Fathoni Zahrani, Nafisah Zakiyya, Reyhana Rona