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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Farmasains : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kefarmasian Majalah Farmaseutik JSFK (Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis) JFIOnline Jurnal Farmasi Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia
Arief Nurrochmad
Departement of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta Indonesia
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Computer Science & IT Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Aktivitas Antimikroba Ekstrak Etil Asetat dari Fungi Endofit Schizophyllum commune Diisolasi dari Tanaman Bangun-bangun (Coleus amboinicus Lour.) Romadhonsyah, Fitra; Gemantari, Baiq Maylinda; Nurrochmad, Arief; Wahyuono, Subagus; Astuti, Puji
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology 2024: Suppl. 6, No. 2 (Universitas Halu Uleo Conference)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/ijpst.v6i2.52598

Abstract

Coleus amboinicus Lour., yang dikenal sebagai tanaman bangun-bangun, merupakan tanaman obat yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai antimikroba. Beberapa studi melaporkan bahwa fungi endofit yang ditemukan dalam beberapa bagian jaringan tanaman mampu memproduksi senyawa aktif yang serupa dengan tanaman inangnya. Schizophyllum commune merupakan fungi endofit yang berasal dari daun C. amboinicus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji apakah ekstrak etil asetat dari fungi endofit S. commune mempunyai aktivitas sebagai antimikroba. Produksi metabolit sekunder dari S. commune dilakukan dengan metode fermentasi menggunakan Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB). Pengujian aktivitas antimikroba dilakukan dengan metode mikrodilusi menggunakan mikroba uji yaitu Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphyloccus aureus, serta Candida albicans. Nilai persen viabilitas sel mikroba dan nilai IC50 dianalisis untuk mengkarakterisasi aktivitas antimikroba dari ekstrak etil asetat. KLT bioautografi dilakukan untuk mendeteksi potensi kandungan senyawa dalam ekstrak yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan mikroba. Ekstrak etil asetat fungi endofit S. commune menunjukkan aktivitas antimikroba yang rendah. Nilai IC50 terbaik ditemukan terhadap B. subtilis dan C. albicans (239,23 ± 20,86 dan 143,05 ± 37,03 μg/mL). KLT bioautografi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat spot penghambatan pada B. subtilis dan C. albicans. Analisis senyawa aktif dengan pereaksi semprot anisaldehid-asam sulfat menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak mengandung senyawa terpenoid. Ekstrak etil asetat dari fungi endofit S. commune memiliki potensi sebagai antimikroba.
Risiko Kejadian Perdarahan Pasca Rawat Inap pada Penggunaan Bersamaan Warfarin dan Antibiotik Rahma, Nazulanita; Andayani, Tri Murti; Nurrochmad, Arief
JSFK (Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis) Vol 8 No 2 (2021): J Sains Farm Klin 8(2), Agustus 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jsfk.8.2.164-173.2021

Abstract

Penggunaan warfarin dan antibiotik bersamaan diketahui dapat meningkatkan risiko perdarahan. Kejadian perdarahan mayor terkait warfarin dapat berupa perdarahan fatal hingga menyebabkan kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis interaksi warfarin dan antibiotik dan efeknya terhadap kejadian perdarahan pada pemeriksaan pertama pasca rawat inap di RSUD Wates. Desain studi berupa kohort retrospektif pada 67 kasus penggunaan warfarin dengan/tanpa antibiotik oleh pasien rawat inap. Data berupa diagnosis, terapi, pemeriksaan pendukung, dan kejadian perdarahan saat rawat inap hingga pemeriksaan pertama diambil dari rekam medik pasien tertanggal Januari 2018 hingga September 2020. Analisis data dilakukan secara statistika menggunakan ­uji Chi-square atau uji Fisher exact test dan uji independent t-test atau uji Mann Whitney U test. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada kejadian perdarahan dalam waktu 7 hari pasca rawat inap antara kelompok antibiotik dan kontrol (16%; 0%; p = 0.017). Antibiotik yang digunakan oleh pasien dengan kejadian perdarahan yaitu golongan sefalosporin, kuinolon, azitromisin, dan ampisilin-sulbaktam. Kejadian perdarahan yang terjadi meliputi hematemesis melena (25%), hematuria (50%), tidak diketahui (25%). Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa penggunaan bersamaan warfarin dan antibiotik saat rawat inap dapat berpengaruh terhadap kejadian perdarahan dalam waktu 7 hari setelah pasien dipulangkan.Penggunaan warfarin dan antibiotik bersamaan diketahui dapat meningkatkan risiko perdarahan. Kejadian perdarahan mayor terkait warfarin dapat berupa perdarahan fatal hingga menyebabkan kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis interaksi warfarin dan antibiotik dan efeknya terhadap kejadian perdarahan pada pemeriksaan pertama pasca rawat inap di RSUD Wates. Desain studi berupa kohort retrospektif [A1] [A2] pada 67 kasus penggunaan warfarin dengan/tanpa antibiotik oleh pasien rawat inap. Data berupa diagnosis, terapi, pemeriksaan pendukung, dan kejadian perdarahan saat rawat inap hingga pemeriksaan pertama diambil dari rekam medik pasien tertanggal Januari 2018 hingga September 2020. Analisis data dilakukan secara statistika menggunakan ­uji Chi-square atau uji Fisher exact test dan uji independent t-test atau uji Mann Whitney U test. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada kejadian perdarahan dalam waktu tujuh hari pasca rawat inap antara kelompok antibiotik dan kontrol (16%; 0%; p = 0.017). [A3] [A4] Antibiotik yang digunakan oleh pasien dengan kejadian perdarahan yaitu azitromisin, ampisilin-sulbaktam, golongan sefalosporin, dan golongan kuinolon.[A5] [A6]  Kejadian perdarahan yang terjadi meliputi hematemesis melena (25%), hematuria (50%), tidak diketahui (25%). Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa penggunaan bersamaan warfarin dan antibiotik saat rawat inap dapat berpengaruh terhadap kejadian perdarahan dalam waktu tujuh hari setelah pasien dipulangkan [A1]Penulis disarankan mempelajari artikel https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6398292/ untuk lebih memahami penulisan artikel dengan desain kohort. [A2]Baik, terimakasih [A3]Tampilan hasil uji dalam studi kohort (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] = ?; 95% CI, ?; p-value = ) [A4]Tidak dilakukan analisis survival, sementara kejadian perdarahan pada control group adalah 0 sehingga RR adalah tidak terbatas [A5]Ini bukan golongan obat; untuk menghindari multitafsir..kedua obat ini ditulis di awal, sementara yang golongan obat di bagian setelahnya [A6]Sudah kami ubah redaksionalnya
Immunomodulatory Effect of Dioscorea esculenta L. on NF-κB, TLR-4, TNF-α, and IL-10 Expressions in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 Mouse Macrophages Puspitaningrum, Ika; Ikawati, Muthi; Fakhrudin, Nanang; Nurrochmad, Arief
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 17, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v17i3.3630

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Gene expressions of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR)-4, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-10 are known to have roles in the inflammatory process and affect the regulation of the immune system. A preliminary study showed that Dioscorea esculenta L. tuber has immunomodulatory activity against macrophage phagocytosis activity and lymphocyte proliferation. However, the immunomodulatory activity of aqueous extract (AE), polysaccharide fraction (PF), and non-polysaccharide fraction (NPF) of D. esculenta L. tubers on these gene expressions have not been elucidated well. Therefore, this study was performed to determine its immunomodulatory activity by utilizing RAW 264.7 cell culture induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).METHODS: RAW 264.7 cells were stimulated with LPS at a concentration of 1 µg/mL for 30 minutes before incubation with non-toxic concentrations of AE, PF, NPF, positive control, and inulin at 25 and 50 µg/mL. TNF-α, IL-10, TLR-4, NF-κB, and β-actin expressions were evaluated using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and were normalized with β-actin as an internal control. Triplicate experiments were performed throughout this study.RESULTS: Treatment with 25 µg/mL NPF significantly decreased the expression of NF-κB, TLR-4, and TNF-α (p<0.05). In contrast, treatment of 25 and 50 µg/mL PF significantly decreased the NF-κB expression (p<0.05). Moreover, only treatment with 50 µg/mL AE exhibited a significant increase in IL-10 expression (p<0.05).CONCLUSION: Treatment with D. esculenta L. tuber stimulated macrophage RAW 264.7 cells via NF-κB, TLR-4, TNF-α, and IL-10 expressions. NPF at 25 µg/mL has stronger immunomodulatory activity in reducing the expression of genes involved in the inflammatory process that plays a role in regulating the immune system.KEYWORDS: Dioscorea esculenta L., Immunomodulator, IL-10, NF-κB, TLR-4, TNF-α, RAW 264.7 cell
Pentagamavunon-1 Enhances the Anticancer Effects of Doxorubicin on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells in Monolayers and 3D Cancer Spheroid Models Rahmawati, Desty Restia; Murwanti, Retno; Jenie, Riris Istighfari; Nurrochmad, Arief
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 17, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v17i3.3587

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The 4T1 cells, a triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line, exhibit high malignancy and metastatic potential. As a primary treatment for TNBC, doxorubicin has limitations, including drug resistance mechanisms and severe side effects such as cardiotoxicity. Pentagamavunone-1 (PGV-1) exhibits antiproliferative and antimetastatic effects, induces prometaphase arrest, triggers cell senescence, and enhances reactive oxygen species (ROS) modulation, which may help overcome doxorubicin resistance. The selective cytotoxicity of PGV-1 against cancer cells suggests that it has a role in reducing systemic toxicity. Therefore, in this study, the anticancer effects of doxorubicin combined with PGV-1 was investigated.METHODS: Monolayer/2D and spheroid/3D models of 4T1 cells were used to assess the effects of PGV-1, doxorubicin, and their combination. MTT assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity, colony formation assay was used to measure persistent antiproliferative effects, and spheroid volume analysis was performed to assessed tumor growth inhibition. Senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) assay determined cellular senescence.RESULTS: The combination of PGV-1 and doxorubicin significantly enhanced cytotoxicity, with IC50 values of 0.57 µM and 4.88 µM, respectively (p=0.000). A strong synergistic effect was observed, leading to persistent suppression of cancer cell proliferation and an 80% reduction in colony formation (p=0.007). In the 3D spheroid model, combination treatment significantly reduced spheroid volume (p=0.002) more effectively than monotherapy, indicating superior growth inhibition and cytotoxicity. It also increased SA-β-gal, the senescence marker (p=0.010).CONCLUSION: The combination of PGV-1 and doxorubicin demonstrated potent anticancer effects in 4T1 monolayers and spheroid models by enhancing cytotoxicity and inducing cellular senescence. This combination confirmed its potential as a more effective therapeutic strategy.KEYWORDS: 3D spheroid, 4T1 TNBC cell, doxorubicin, pentagamavunon-1, PGV-1, senescence
Aktivitas Hepatoprotektif Ekstrak Kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val.) dan Ekstrak Meniran (Phyllantus niruri Linn.) Pada Tikus yang Diinduksi Parasetamol Kajian Histopatologi Liver Novianto, Agil; Nurrochmad, Arief; Puspitasari, Ika
Jurnal Farmasi (Journal of Pharmacy) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2014): Jurnal Farmasi (Journal of Pharmacy), October 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Farmasi (Journal of Pharmacy)

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Abstract

Curcuma domestica and Phyllanthus niruri was two plants which has been shown to have an effect hepatoprotective. This research was conducted to determine mechanism study of hepatoprotective combination of Curcuma domestica and Phyllanthus niruri extract to animals induced by paracetamol. Animals devide into 8 groups in random order of 5 each rats. Normal groups were give aquadest, negative groups (Paracetamol) were give CMC Na 0,5 %, positive goups were give silimarin with dose 100 mg/kg, Curcuma domestica groups with a dose of 100 mg/kg, Phyllanthus niruri groups with 200 mg/kg BW as well as a combination of I-III with Curcuma domestica and Phyllanthus niruri extract comparison of each of 75: 50; 50: 100; and 25: 150 mg/kg in BW. Test preparations are given for 7 days. On day 7, all groups except normal induced with paracetamol single dose2.5 g/kg for peroral 30 minutes after administering the test preparations. Hepatoprotective activity were analyzed using liver histopathology. The results showed that the combination I can inhibited liver necrosis and gives better hepatoprotective activity comparable with single dose with optimal Curcuma domestica and Phyllanthus niruri extract dose of 75 and 50 mg/kg.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SIRIH MERAH (Piper Crocatum Ruiz & Pav) TERHADAP EKSPRESI GLUKOSA TRANSPORTER 2 PADA HATI DAN PANKREAS YANG DIINDUKSI STREPTOZOTOCIN-NIKOTINAMIDA Wisnu Kusuma, Eka; Herowati, Rina; Nurrochmad, Arief
Jurnal Farmasi (Journal of Pharmacy) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Farmasi (Journal of Pharmacy), October 2017
Publisher : Jurnal Farmasi (Journal of Pharmacy)

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Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia, decreased expression of GLUT-2 in pancreatic, and increased expression of GLUT-2 in liver. Red betel leaf seed is useful for treatment of diabetes. This study aims to determine the effect of antihyperglycemic, increased expression of GLUT-2 in pancreas, and decrease in liver of the red betel leaf ethanol extract in STZ-NA induced rats. This research used 25 male white wistar rats, which randomly divided into five groups, normal control, negative control, positive control, EEDSM dose of 50 mg/kg bw and 100 mg/kg bw. Induced STZ-NA days 0, measured glucose levels next day 5 and treated were for 14 days. Measured parameters were GLUT-2 expression in pancreas and liver. The results showed that EEDSM for 14 days qualitatively able to increase the expression of GLUT-2 in pancreatic cells with those in the normal control, negative control, positive control, EEDSM 50 mg/kg bw, and 100 mg/kg bw respectively to 100%, 32,31%, 67,67%, 52,73% and 60,01%. EEDSM qualitatively able to reduce the expression of GLUT-2 in liver cells with those in the normal control, negative control, positive control, EEDSM 50 mg/kg bw, and 100 mg/kg bw respectively to 13,21%, 100%, 52,05%, 87,08%, dan 78, 09%.
Co-Authors Agil Novianto, Agil Agung Endro Nugroho Alexxander, . Alexxander, . Anggraeni, Nuniek Annik Megawati, Annik Arief Rahman Hakim Baiq Maylinda Gemantari Dina, Shela Puzi Dirman, Arifin Edy Meiyanto Endang Lukitaningsih Fita Rahmawati Harjaningsih, Woro Ida Ayu Putu Sri Widnyani Ika Puspitaningrum Ika Puspitasari Imono Argo Donatus, Imono Argo Laras Widawaty Putri Marbun, Prajona Mukrinin, Walit Uhkri Muthi Ikawati Nanang Fakhrudin, Nanang Puji Astuti Rahma, Nazulanita Rahmawati, Adillah Rahmawati, Desty Restia Retno Murwanti Riris Istighfari Jenie Romadhonsyah, Fitra Sitarina Widyarini Subagus Wahyuono Tiaravista, Amanda Gita Titik Nuryastuti Tri Murti Andayani Wahyuddin, Munifah Wirasti, Wirasti Wisnu Kusuma, Eka Yundari, Yundari