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All Journal Jurnal Reviu Akuntansi dan Keuangan Jurnal Ekonomi JAS (Journal of ASEAN Studies) Jurnal Aplikasi Bisnis dan Manajemen (JABM) E-Journal EKOMBIS REVIEW: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi dan Bisnis Ikonomika : Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Etika Demokrasi International Journal of Social Science and Business Jurnal Manajemen Strategi dan Aplikasi Bisnis Journal of Humanities and Social Studies Maker: Jurnal Manajemen Dinasti International Journal of Education Management and Social Science Journal of Social Science Dinasti International Journal of Economics, Finance & Accounting (DIJEFA) Quantitative Economics and Management Studies Journal of Terrorism Studies Jurnal Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan Journal of the Community Development in Asia Journal of Social Science Proceeding of International Conference on Science, Education, and Technology Enrichment: Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development Jurnal Kajian Stratejik Ketahanan Nasional Journal of Law and Legal Reform Jurnal Ad'ministrare: Jurnal Pemikirian Ilmiah dan Pendidikan Administrasi Perkantoran Paramita: Historical Studies Journal
Subroto, Athor
Universitas Indonesia
Religion Arts Humanities Chemistry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics Social Sciences Other

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The Use of Advanced Technology (Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning) To Prevent the Funding of Terrorism in Indonesia Wisesa, Rafi; Priyanto, Sapto; Syauqillah, Muhamad; Subroto, Athor
Enrichment: Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development Vol. 2 No. 9 (2024): Enrichment: Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/enrichment.v2i9.231

Abstract

The financing of terrorism in Indonesia, has become increasingly complex due to the involvement of various domestic terrorist organizations. These groups obtain funds through diverse sources such as direct donations, membership fees, self-funding, and the misuse of non-profit organizations (NPOs). This study aims to explore and analyze the potential and challenges of utilizing advanced technologies, particularly Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML), in preventing terrorist financing in Indonesia. The research employs a qualitative descriptive approach, utilizing secondary data from FATF reports and related literature. The findings indicate that AI and ML can significantly enhance the detection and investigation of suspicious financial activities, provide real-time transaction monitoring, and facilitate inter-agency collaboration. However, challenges such as data limitations, regulatory complexity, high implementation costs, and data security and privacy issues must be addressed to fully leverage these technologies. This study provides recommendations for developing a supportive regulatory framework, enhancing inter-agency cooperation, and investing in better data infrastructure to effectively utilize AI and ML in combating terrorist financing.
The Analysis of Capacity Utilization Production as a Basis for Review Corporate Strategy According Islamic Economics Asyik, Noor; Subroto, Athor; Izni Shafie, Dalili
IKONOMIKA Vol 8, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/ijebi.v8i2.20011

Abstract

Capacity utilization is important in manufacturing strategies, especially in make-to-order manufacturing strategies. It is used to measure the best production achievements. The parameters for achieving the best production can be measured by reaching the break-even point, namely the point at which the costs are equal to income. In 2022 the capacity utilization production of PT XYZ which is a precast concrete industrial corporation in Indonesia is 73.40% and under the break-even point. Achieving utilization above the break-even point is a competitive advantage for the corporation. This research was conducted to examine the company's current strategy to provide suggestions for formulating corporate management strategies according to Islamic economics with the analysis of capacity utilization production. Meanwhile, the research sample was conducted and analyzed from 2015 to 2026. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive research, analysis using different statistical tests to analyze capacity utilization, and qualitative descriptive analysis methods to observe corporate strategy. The analysis found that the capacity utilization level in 2016 and 2017 and the prognosis for 2023 exceeded the break-even point. However, from 2024 to 2026, the results of the capacity utilization level will be below the break-even point. So, it is necessary to consider strategy formulation to avoid losses. Some of the suggestions for formulating corporate strategies result are diversification of business unit strategies into the construction sector, corporate synergy, partnerships with strategic partners, and market penetration according to Islamic economics.
Customer Retention Strategy through Churn Prediction in Four-Wheeled Vehicle After-Sales Services Using Big Data Analytics Puspa Dewani, Bella; Subroto, Athor
Dinasti International Journal of Economics, Finance & Accounting Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025): Dinasti International Journal of Economics, Finance & Accounting (July-August 2
Publisher : Dinasti Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/dijefa.v6i3.4753

Abstract

Customer churn prediction has become a critical aspect of business analytics, particularly in the automotive after-sales service industry. This study aims to develop an effective predictive model for identifying customers at risk of churn using big data analytics and machine learning techniques. The research focuses on four-wheeled vehicle after-sales services provided by Brand X, leveraging historical customer data over a seven-year period. Two machine learning algorithms Decision Tree and Random Forest were applied to classify churn behavior. Feature importance analysis was conducted to identify key variables influencing churn, including Warranty Status, Total Service Frequency, and Dissatisfaction Level. The models were evaluated using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, confusion matrix, and feature importance metrics.. The findings suggest that integrating big data analytics with ensemble machine learning methods enhances churn prediction accuracy, enabling targeted customer retention strategies. This research contributes both academically and practically by providing a robust predictive framework for churn management in the automotive after-sales sector.
Indonesian Maritime Diplomacy: Building Strategic Alliances for Sovereignty at Sea Saputra, Rizki Marman; Rusliwa Somantri, Gumilar; Subroto, Athor; Marsetio, Marsetio
Jurnal Ad'ministrare: Jurnal Pemikirian Ilmiah dan Pendidikan Administrasi Perkantoran Volume 11, Issue 2, 2024
Publisher : Pendidikan Administrasi Perkantoran, Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71309/administrare.v11i2.3317

Abstract

This research aims to analyze Indonesia's maritime diplomacy strategy to build strategic alliances to maintain Indonesia's maritime sovereignty. The research method used is a literary study presented descriptively intending to study individuals, groups, organizations, or complex events bound by a certain context. The data collection technique used analyzes documents relevant to the research theme, both from newspapers, national journals, and books with an analytical focus as explained in the theory of Liberal Institutionalism, namely international cooperation and global institutions. Meanwhile, the data analysis techniques used in this research are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The research results show that through effective maritime diplomacy and strategic alliances, Indonesia has succeeded in strengthening its geopolitical position in the Asia-Pacific region, increasing the security of maritime trade routes, and maximizing maritime economic potential. These results show that the Liberal Institutionalism approach can significantly contribute to maintaining Indonesia's maritime sovereignty and security. It is important to pay attention to security, economic and environmental aspects. To maintain this sovereignty, international cooperation is needed through strategic alliances with various countries. This study shows how Indonesia has succeeded in building this alliance.
Defense Budget Gaps and Legal Implications of Alternative Financing in Indonesia: A Legal Reform Perspective Marsudiyanto, Aris; Subroto , Athor; Brodjonegoro, Bambang Permadi Soemantri; Ghafur, A. Hanief Saha
Journal of Law and Legal Reform Vol. 5 No. 4 (2024): Contemporary Issues on Law Reform in Indonesia and Global Context
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jllr.v5i4.18076

Abstract

This paper examines the critical defense budget gap in Indonesia, which has become a pressing issue over the past decade. With global challenges, particularly the escalating wars in the Middle East, Indonesia faces growing security concerns that necessitate a stronger defense program. However, the country’s defense budget allocation, ranging from 0.5 to 0.9 percent of GDP, remains insufficient to meet the required defense expenditures. Using the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) approach, we predict future budget availability and compare it with the projected defense needs, revealing a significant gap. To address this, the paper explores alternative financing mechanisms, such as optimizing military assets, enhancing the defense industry, leveraging Public-Private Partnerships (PPP), and integrating these strategies. The urgency of addressing this funding shortfall is heightened by Indonesia’s need for robust defense capabilities in an increasingly unstable geopolitical environment. This study’s novelty lies in analyzing the legal implications of these alternative financing options, an area that has received limited attention in defense policy discourse. It critically examines the legal challenges posed by these financing mechanisms, particularly in relation to Indonesia’s existing laws, including Law No. 17 of 2003 on State Finances, Law No. 3 of 2002 on National Defense, and various regulations governing defense industry and national security. The paper’s contribution lies in offering a comprehensive legal analysis of alternative financing in Indonesia’s defense sector, proposing necessary legal reforms to facilitate these strategies. By providing policy recommendations, this study aims to inform lawmakers, defense planners, and legal scholars about the complexities and potential solutions to closing Indonesia’s defense budget gap while ensuring compliance with national legal frameworks.
The Niche Model of Defense Industry Analysis: Seeking The Suffiency of Indonesia’s Needs Main Equipment and Weaponery System (Alutsista) Saputra, Rizki Marman; Somantri, Gumilar Rusliwa; Subroto, Athor; Marsetio
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 7 No 1 (2024): Mandala: Jurnal Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v7i1.8038

Abstract

The niche industry model in Indonesia's defense industry refers to the development and specialization strategies adopted by defense companies in the country. In response to global dynamics and national defense needs, this model emphasizes focusing on specific market segments or technologies to achieve competitive advantages. This study explains how the niche industry model can enhance the competitiveness of Indonesia's defense industry through specialization in the development, production, and marketing of products or services tailored to specific defense needs. The analysis of this niche industry model involves evaluating various aspects, including technological sustainability, price competitiveness, security, and the ability to meet specific military needs. In the context of Indonesia, where the defense budget is limited, this model creates opportunities for local companies to focus on specific areas such as non-traditional weapon systems, intelligence technology, or cyber security equipment. The success of the niche industry model in Indonesia's defense industry is also closely related to collaborative efforts between the government, industry, and research institutions. This synergy facilitates the exchange of information, resources, and policy support necessary to foster technological development and innovation within this framework. While the niche industry model offers potential competitive advantages, challenges such as developing high-quality human resources, policy changes, and risk management need to be addressed. This study provides an in-depth view of the niche industry model in the context of Indonesia's defense industry, highlighting the opportunities and challenges faced and providing recommendations to support the sustainability and growth of this sector.
Fiscal Resilience and Defense Financing Innovation for Sustainable National Security Post Ukraine–Russia War Marsudiyanto, Aris; Subroto, Athor; Brodjonegoro, Bambang Permadi Soemantri; Ghafur, A. Hanief Saha
Proceedings of International Conference on Science, Education, and Technology Vol. 11 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Global geopolitical escalation following the Ukraine–Russia conflict intensifies fiscal and security pressures across many regions, including Indonesia. Long-horizon macroeconomic evaluation demonstrates persistent structural limitations marked by slow revenue elasticity, recurring deficits, exchange-rate exposure, and rising debt-service commitments, all of which reduce flexibility for long-term defense modernization. Geopolitical disturbances amplify those constraints through elevated global military expenditure, higher procurement costs, and expanding cyber, maritime, and hybrid threats within the Indo-Pacific region. Sectoral vulnerabilities further weaken strategic readiness, particularly due to import dependency, limited domestic industrial capability, and increasing operational expenditure. Institutional rigidity also limits adoption of innovative financing mechanisms capable of supporting multi-source and multi-year commitments. Integrated analysis indicates the need for diversified financing pathways that reduce exposure to external shocks and enhance the predictability of defense investment. Potential strategies include defense-industry reinvestment, public-asset monetization, public–private partnerships, and hybrid financing frameworks aligned with long-term capability requirements. Sustainable security therefore depends on structural fiscal reform, institutional modernization, and coordinated integration of fiscal, security, and industrial policy to strengthen Indonesia’s strategic resilience in an increasingly volatile geopolitical landscape.
Historical Trajectories of Indonesia’s Fiscal Gap and Military Spending, 2003–2023 Aris Marsudiyanto; Athor Subroto; Bambang Permadi Soemantri Brodjonegoro; A. Hanief Saha Ghafur
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol. 35 No. 2 (2025): Military History
Publisher : istory Department, Faculty of Social Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Masyarakat Sejarawan Indonesia (Indonesian Historical Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v35i2.32010

Abstract

Abstract: Military spending reflects a nation's priorities and its geopolitical orientation, but in Indonesia it has been compromised by chronic fiscal deficits. The aim of this research was to analyze the historical trajectories of Indonesia’s fiscal gap in military spending from 20023 to 2023 by situating national development within broader global conflicts, including Russia-Ukraine war. A historical method was employed by applying synchronic and diachronic analysis, drawing on archival data from the state budget, official reports from the Ministry of Finance, publications from the SIPRI, and policy documents. The findings demonstrated that historical patterns of defence expenditure consistently revealed a widening fiscal gap between projected requirements and available fiscal capacity. Global geopolitical tensions intensified military modernisation and imposed additional burdens on national budgets. The study concludes that Indonesia’s defence financing challenges cannot be examined solely through contemporary fiscal debates but must be interpreted within a long-term historical narrative of deficit budgeting and external shocks. The contribution of this research lies in advancing historical scholarship on fiscal policy and defence spending while providing policymakers with insights into alternative financing strategies grounded in past experiences and institutional legacies. Abstrak: Belanja militer mencerminkan prioritas suatu negara sekaligus orientasi geopolitiknya, namun di Indonesia hal ini terhambat oleh defisit fiskal yang bersifat kronis. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis trajektori historis kesenjangan fiskal dalam pembiayaan pertahanan Indonesia selama periode 2003–2023 dengan menempatkan dinamika nasional dalam konteks konflik global, termasuk perang Rusia–Ukraina. Metode sejarah digunakan dengan menerapkan analisis sinkronik dan diakronik, berdasarkan data arsip Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara, laporan resmi Kementerian Keuangan, publikasi SIPRI, serta dokumen kebijakan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola historis pengeluaran pertahanan secara konsisten mengungkapkan pelebaran kesenjangan fiskal antara kebutuhan yang diproyeksikan dan kapasitas fiskal yang tersedia. Ketegangan geopolitik global semakin mendorong modernisasi militer dan menambah beban pada anggaran nasional. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa tantangan pembiayaan pertahanan Indonesia tidak dapat dipahami hanya melalui perdebatan fiskal kontemporer, melainkan harus ditafsirkan dalam narasi historis jangka panjang mengenai defisit anggaran dan guncangan eksternal. Kontribusi riset ini terletak pada pengembangan kajian sejarah kebijakan fiskal dan belanja militer, sekaligus memberikan wawasan bagi pembuat kebijakan terkait strategi pembiayaan alternatif yang berpijak pada pengalaman historis dan warisan institusional.
Co-Authors Achmad Sanusi Adrianus Revi Dwiguna Aris Marsudiyanto Ayub Dwi Pranata Junus Bambang Permadi Soemantri Brodjonegoro Brodjonegoro, Bambang Permadi Soemantri Chandra Wijaya Dita Ayu Lestari Ghafur, A. Hanief Saha Ghafur, Hanief Saha Gugi Agusman Setiamitra Gumilar Rusliwa Somantri Izni Shafie, Dalili Kusuma Ariftama Kusumawisanto, Rizki Aulia Lahadalia, Bahlil Laksmono, Bambang Shergi Lili Yulyadi Arnakim Marsetio Marsetio Marsetio Marsudiyanto, Aris Marzuki, Suyuti Muhamad Faris Naufal Austen Muhamad Syauqillah Noor Asyik Nurdin Sobari Nurish, Amanah Prasetya, Adhitya Yuda Prijono Tjiptoherijanto Priyanto, Sapto Puspa Dewani, Bella Putri, Rayinda Sephira Ratih Anggun Puspita Rusliwa Somantri, Gumilar Saputra, Rizki Marman Setiamitra, Gugi Agusman Suyuti Marzuki Teguh Dartanto Widodo, Wiwit Wisesa, Rafi Zainal Abidin