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INCREASING ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE AND DECREASING MALONDIALDEHYD LEVELS FROM Ethanol Extract of Radish (Raphanus Sativus L.) LEAVES IN SWIMMING MICE Sondang Khairani; Ni Made Dwi Sandhiutami; Ika Permata Sari
Farmasains : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kefarmasian Vol. 10 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22236/farmasains.v10i1.8261

Abstract

Daun lobak (Raphanus sativus L.) mengandung senyawa flavonoid yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efek antioksidan ekstrak etanol 70% daun lobak (Raphanus sativus L.) berdasarkan parameter kadar malondialdehid (MDA) dan aktivitas superoksida dismutase (SOD). Penelitian menggunakan mencit dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok yaitu: kelompok kontrol normal (I), kelompok kontrol negative (II), kelompok kontrol positif (III) (vitamin C 2,6 mg/20 gBB), dan 3 kelompok (IV,V,VI)dosis ekstrak etanol 70% daun lobak (Raphanus sativus L.) (5,6; 11,2; 22,4 mg/20 gBB). Pengukuran kadar MDA dilakukan dengan metode Wills dan pengukuran aktivitas SOD dilakukan dengan metode Adrenochrome Assay dan Analisa menggunakan uji ANOVA. Hasil pengukuran kadar MDA pada kelompok normal, kelompok kontrol negatif, kelompok kontrol negatif, kelompok kontrol positif, kelompok dosis 5,6 mg/20 gBB; 11,2 mg/20 gBB; 22,4 mg/20 gBB secara berturut-turut adalah 2,1617 nmol/mL; 5,3075 nmol/mL; 2,3331 nmol/mL; 4,5583 nmol/mL; 3,5957 nmol/mL; 2,6702 nmol/mL sedangkan untuk hasil pengukuran aktivitas SOD hati mencit adalah 124,2383 U/mL; 65,64 U/mL; 176,7583 U/mL; 106,045 U/mL; 134,34 U/mL; 153,53 U/mL. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok III dengan kelompok IV,V,VI  dalam peningkatan aktivitas SOD dan penurunan kadar MDA (p<0,05) yaitu memiliki potensi antioksidan yang sama seperti vitamin C.
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Carboplatin-Paclitaxel, Cisplatin-Pemetrexed, and Carboplatin-Gemcitabine Chemotherapy Regimens in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer at Persahabatan Central General Hospital Melinda, Venni; Anggriani, Yusi; Khairani, Sondang; Nurhayati, Fitri
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 5 Issue 3 (2026)
Publisher : ETFLIN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0502685

Abstract

Platinum-based chemotherapy remains an important treatment option for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), particularly in settings where reimbursement and resource allocation are major considerations. A retrospective observational cost-effectiveness study was conducted using medical records and billing data from adult patients with NSCLC who received carboplatin–paclitaxel, cisplatin–pemetrexed, or carboplatin–gemcitabine in 2023. Effectiveness outcomes included the one-year survival rate (%) and median progression-free survival (PFS). Costs were calculated based on direct medical expenses over six chemotherapy cycles. Cost-effectiveness was assessed using ACER, ICER, and dominance analysis. A total of 101 patients were included: 81 received carboplatin and paclitaxel, 14 received cisplatin and pemetrexed, and 6 received carboplatin and gemcitabine. Mean direct medical costs were IDR 27,588,547, IDR 41,214,281, and IDR 47,471,752, respectively. No statistically significant differences were observed in one-year survival rate or median PFS among the regimens, although interpretation should consider the unequal sample sizes (81 vs. 14 vs. 6), which limit statistical power. Based on one-year survival, carboplatin–paclitaxel had the lowest ACER and dominated the other regimens by providing higher observed survival at lower cost. Based on median PFS, cisplatin–pemetrexed provided longer PFS than carboplatin–paclitaxel but at a higher cost, requiring ICER-based interpretation. Carboplatin–paclitaxel was associated with the lowest direct medical cost and the most favorable cost-effectiveness profile based on one-year survival among the evaluated regimens. However, conclusions should be interpreted cautiously because of the retrospective design, small and unequal group sizes, and potential confounding by baseline clinical characteristics.