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Analysis of Amoxicillin and Tetracycline Residues in Chicken Meat Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Furi, Mustika; Sinaga, Siti Morin; Putra, Effendy De Lux
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol. 1 No. 2 (2018): Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Antibiotics are commonly used as food additives in broiler farms and their use tends to be excessive regardless and incorrect that can leave some antibiotic residues in chicken meat. The aimed of this study was to analyze on antibiotic residues level amoxicillin and tetracycline in chicken meat sold in Medan. The antibiotic residues analysis was conducted by extracting the antibiotic from chicken meat with water and acetonitrile (2:8, v/v) and detected by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry detector using C-18 column (4.6 mm i.d., length 30 mm, particle size 1.8 Âµm) at 35 oC, with the mobile phases, 0.1 % formic acid solution in water and 0.1 % formic acid solution in methanol with gradient elution technique at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/minute. The result exhibited that the chicken meat that were collected from five markets in Medan apparently contained antibiotic residues tetracycline . The level of tetracyclin residue in chicken meat was 0.1157-1.4436 Âµg/g, which exceed the maximum level for tetracyclin residue allowed in foodstuffs of animal origin which is 0.1 ug/g. Keywords: residue, antibiotic, amoxicillin, tetracycline, chicken meat

Education on the impact of reverse osmosis (ro) drinking water toward health in village pb Selayang II Medan Silalahi, Jansen; Sinaga, Siti Morin; Ginting, Nahitma; Rahman, Fathur
ABDIMAS TALENTA: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol. 4 No. 2 (2019): ABDIMAS TALENTA: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

At this time, there is a lot of ready-to-drink drinking water consisting of mineral water and demineralized drinking water such as Reverse Osmosis (RO) both in packets and refills. Drinking water must meet biological, chemical, and physical requirements so that it does not have negative effects on health. One of the chemical requirements is about the main mineral content of calcium and magnesium in drinking water. Based on research results, drinking water with low minerals (usually expressed as low water hardness) if consumed for a long time will cause health problems, for example increasing the risk of several diseases such as cancer, coronary heart disease, and others. Absorption of toxic metals such as Pb will occur if the minerals calcium and magnesium are very low in drinking water. So, if there is a small amount of Pb toxic metals in food, it will be easily absorbed by the body when calcium and magnesium levels are low in drinking water. However, if calcium and magnesium are sufficient in drinking water, the absorption of Pb, both in drinking water and other food, will be inhibited or not occur. Means can avoid diseases caused by these toxic metals. Therefore, the World Health Organization (WHO) determined that the calcium and magnesium content in drinking water each with a minimum requirement is 20 mg of calcium and 10 mg of magnesium in one liter of drinking water. The Indonesian Ministry of Health in 1975 only stated that the maximum calcium content in drinking water was 75 mg / liter of drinking water and there were no minimum requirements. Then the Ministry of Health in 2010 did not include the calcium and magnesium requirements but only the hardness requirements. So low-mineral drinking water will absorb (trap) the minerals present in other foods and dispose of them so that the body lacks minerals in the long run. Water without minerals will also reduce the process of absorption of minerals in digestion, and can even bind minerals from the body if consumed without other food. Low mineral water is not good as drinking water, especially demineralized drinking water that does not contain minerals can cause health problems especially water without minerals such as RO drinking water. The results showed that the levels of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in bottled and refilled drinking water in Medan more did not reach the minimum levels of calcium and magnesium, meaning that drinking water was low in minerals. Even more important is that producers of refilled RO drinking water are in Medan (some claim to get permission from the government) and there is even a bottled RO drinking water product which means getting permission from the Drug and Food Control (POM).

PENETAPAN KADAR SERAT TAK LARUT PADA MAKANAN KERIPIK SIMULASI (MEASURING CONCENTRATION OF INSOLUBLE FIBER IN SIMULATION CRISPY CHIPS) Mursalina Mursalina; Siti Morin Sinaga; Jansen Silalahi
Journal of Natural Product and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of Natural Product and Pharmaceutical Chemistry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (296.69 KB)

ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Bekatul memiliki nilai gizi yang baik karena mengandung asam amino lisin, protein, lemak dan serat pangan yang bermanfaat bagi tubuh. Tujuan: Memanfaatkan bekatul sebagai sumber serat pada keripik simulasi. Metode: Bekatul yang digunakan diperoleh dari penggilingan padi di Desa Tanah Merah, Pasar V, kota Binjai. Keripik simulasi dibuat dengan mensubstitusikan bekatul ke dalam tepung terigu dengan konsentrasi 0%, 3%, 6%, 9% dan 12%. Uji organoleptik dengan menggunakan skala hedonik diperoleh nilai kesukaan yang paling tinggi pada produk 3%. Ditetapkan kadar serat pada produk 0% sebagai kontrol dan rataan tertinggi produk 3% menggunakan metode analisis serat kasar (crude fiber) secara gravimetri. Hasil: Kadar serat tak larut pada keripik simulasi tanpa penambahan bekatul dan dengan penambahan bekatul (3%) berturut-turut adalah sebesar 0,49% ± 0,02% dan 5,70% ± 0,26%. Hasil pengujian organoleptik pada taraf α = 0,05 terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan. Nilai kesukaan yang paling tinggi terhadap keripik simulasi dengan penambahan bekatul (3%) dengan rataan tertinggi, yaitu 3,48 ( paling tinggi 5), menggunakan skala hedonik. Kesimpulan: Bekatul dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber serat pada keripik simulasi. Kata kunci: Bekatul, keripik simulasi, gravimetri, serat tak larut ABSTRACT Objective: Bran has good nutritional value containing lysine amino acid, protein, fat and dietary fiber that coming in useful for human body. Purpose: The use of bran as a source of fiber in simulation crispy chips. Methods: Bran that used was obtained from rice hulling in Tanah Merah Village, Pasar V, Binjai city. Simulation crispy chips was made by various addition of bran 0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12% respectively. Organoleptic test using hedonic scale is the highest favorite’s in product 3%. Concentration of insoluble fiber in product 0% as control and the highest as product 3% was measured using crude fiber gravimetric analysis methode. Results: Concentration of insoluble fiber in simulation crispy chips without (0%) and by adding bekatul (3%) were 0.49% ± 0.02% and 5.70% ± 0.26%. The result of organoleptic test (α = 0.05), there is a significant difference. The highest preference score of simulation crispy chips by adding bran (3%) with the highest mean is 3.48 (3.48 out of 5 scale) using hedonic scale. Conclusion: Bran can be used as the food fibrous for simulation crispy chips. Keywords: Bran , simulation crispy chips, gravimetry, insoluble fiber

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Extract of Kluwih Leaves (Artocarpus camansi Blanco.) by Microwave-Assisted Irradiation and Their Antibacterial Properties Siregar, Nina Ashariani; Putra, Effendy De Lux; Sinaga, Siti Morin; Satria, Denny; Waruwu, Syukur Berkat
Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR) Vol. 5 No. 3 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR)
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30997/ijar.v5i3.540

Nanoparticles are particles measuring 1-100 nm that were synthesized using metals, and silver was a commonly used metal because of its potential as an antibacterial agent. Physical and chemical methods were often used in synthesis but are less environmentally friendly. Alternatively, biological processes that utilize phytochemical compounds as reducing agents are preferred. One of the plants rich in phytochemical compounds was kluwih leaves (Artocarpus camansi Blanco). This study aimed to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) mediated by kluwih leaves using microwave irradiation. Characterization of nanoparticles was carried out by visual observation and using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Antibacterial activity was evaluated by determining MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) and MBC (Minimum Bactericidal Concentration), followed by examining DNA and protein leakage and biofilm formation using a microdilution method against S. epidermidis and P. aeruginosa. The results showed that AgNPs from kluwih leaves had been successfully formed and could be used as reducing agents in AgNPs biosynthesis. Visual color changed, and analysis of UV-Vis spectrophotometry showed peaks at 441 nm. The results of the antibacterial evaluation showed MIC 1.90 µg/ml (S. epidermidis) and 7.80 µg/ml (P. aeruginosa) also caused cell leakage and reduced biofilm formation significantly at a concentration of 1/2 MIC. These results were promising for further development in future research.

OPTIMIZED HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF ARTIFICIAL SWEETENERS, PRESERVATIVES, AND CAFFEINE IN CARBONATED SOFT DRINKS Wardono, Sri; Putra, Effendy De Lux; Sinaga, Siti Morin; Dalimunthe, Aminah; Nasri, Nasri
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol. 8 No. 01 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/idjpcr.v8i01.20975

Sweeteners, preservatives, and caffeine in soft drinks can pose health risks if consumed excessively. This study aimed to develop a method for the simultaneous determination of acesulfame, saccharin, cyclamate, aspartame, caffeine, benzoate, and sorbate in carbonated soft drinks. The analysis was conducted using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with a dual-wavelength PDA detector (Shimadzu LC-20AD), a C18 column (Shimadzu), and a UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Shimadzu). Standard materials included acesulfame-K, saccharin-Na, cyclamate-Na, aspartame, caffeine, benzoate-Na, and sorbic acid. Samples were obtained from a supermarket in Medan, Indonesia. Optimization parameters included detection wavelength, mobile phase pH, column oven temperature, and mobile phase composition. Validation parameters assessed were linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), accuracy, precision, and selectivity. The optimized method employed a mobile phase of phosphate buffer (pH 3.8) and methanol (80:20, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.55 mL/min and column oven temperature of 40 °C. Detection was carried out at 200 nm for cyclamate, caffeine, aspartame, and benzoate, and at 220 nm for acesulfame, saccharin, and sorbate. Validation results showed the method met all requirements, with recovery rates ranging from 95.21% to 99.82%, system suitability values of 1.0%–1.9%, and precision values between 1.65% and 2.48%. The method also demonstrated good selectivity. The concentrations of acesulfame, saccharin, cyclamate, caffeine, benzoate, and sorbate in the analyzed samples did not exceed the maximum permissible limits.

Education on the impact of reverse osmosis (ro) drinking water toward health in village pb Selayang II Medan Silalahi, Jansen; Sinaga, Siti Morin; Ginting, Nahitma; Rahman, Fathur
ABDIMAS TALENTA: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol. 4 No. 2 (2019): ABDIMAS TALENTA: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

At this time, there is a lot of ready-to-drink drinking water consisting of mineral water and demineralized drinking water such as Reverse Osmosis (RO) both in packets and refills. Drinking water must meet biological, chemical, and physical requirements so that it does not have negative effects on health. One of the chemical requirements is about the main mineral content of calcium and magnesium in drinking water. Based on research results, drinking water with low minerals (usually expressed as low water hardness) if consumed for a long time will cause health problems, for example increasing the risk of several diseases such as cancer, coronary heart disease, and others. Absorption of toxic metals such as Pb will occur if the minerals calcium and magnesium are very low in drinking water. So, if there is a small amount of Pb toxic metals in food, it will be easily absorbed by the body when calcium and magnesium levels are low in drinking water. However, if calcium and magnesium are sufficient in drinking water, the absorption of Pb, both in drinking water and other food, will be inhibited or not occur. Means can avoid diseases caused by these toxic metals. Therefore, the World Health Organization (WHO) determined that the calcium and magnesium content in drinking water each with a minimum requirement is 20 mg of calcium and 10 mg of magnesium in one liter of drinking water. The Indonesian Ministry of Health in 1975 only stated that the maximum calcium content in drinking water was 75 mg / liter of drinking water and there were no minimum requirements. Then the Ministry of Health in 2010 did not include the calcium and magnesium requirements but only the hardness requirements. So low-mineral drinking water will absorb (trap) the minerals present in other foods and dispose of them so that the body lacks minerals in the long run. Water without minerals will also reduce the process of absorption of minerals in digestion, and can even bind minerals from the body if consumed without other food. Low mineral water is not good as drinking water, especially demineralized drinking water that does not contain minerals can cause health problems especially water without minerals such as RO drinking water. The results showed that the levels of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in bottled and refilled drinking water in Medan more did not reach the minimum levels of calcium and magnesium, meaning that drinking water was low in minerals. Even more important is that producers of refilled RO drinking water are in Medan (some claim to get permission from the government) and there is even a bottled RO drinking water product which means getting permission from the Drug and Food Control (POM).

Counseling and education on adequacy of vitamin and mineral intake from fruit and vegetables to improve body immunity in senior high school students in Tanjung Morawa district Sinaga, Siti Morin; Silalahi, Jansen; Cintya, Henni
ABDIMAS TALENTA: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol. 5 No. 2 (2020): ABDIMAS TALENTA : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Fruits and vegetables are food ingredients that contain a lots of nutrients such as vitamins, minerals and fiber that are needed by the body. Indonesia is a country that is very rich in fruits and vegetables. However, in fact, fruits and vegetables are rarely consumed by people, especially teenagers. Lack of intake in consuming fruits and vegetables can cause the body to lack nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, fiber and an imbalance in the body's acid and alkaline, which can lead to various diseases. The purpose of this community service is to provide counseling and educate students and teachers about the adequate intake of vitamins and minerals from fruits and vegetables to increase immunity in Senior High School students in Tanjung Morawa District. This community service activity was carried out by means of a lecture method by disseminating the activity plan to the children of the Yayasan Pendidikan Pauly Mandiri students, then demonstrations by conducting counseling. Community service activities in general received a very good response and high enthusiasm from students, and several teachers who attended and the chairman of the Pauly Mandiri Education Foundation in Tanjung Morawa asked to be resumed. The results of community service, especially practicing how to create fruits and vegetables by making salads from various fruits and vegetables that can be applied by students and teachers in their daily lives. The enthusiasm of the participants hoped that this outreach activity could be resumed, namely how to make it easier for children to make it easier for children to remember the importance of consuming fruits and vegetables.

Composition of Fatty Acid and Identification of Lauric Acid Position in Coconut and Palm Kernel Oils Silalahi, Jansen; Lida Karo Karo; Sinaga, Siti Morin; Yosy Cinthya Eriwaty Silalahi
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol. 1 No. 2 (2018): Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

The nutritional value and biochemical properties of oil are measured by the fatty acids composition in oil and the position of fatty acids (sn-1,2,3) in the triacylglycerol (TAG) molecule. The purpose of this study was to measure the nutritional value based on the fatty acids composition of virgin coconut oil (VCO) and palm kernel oil (PKO), and the position of lauric acid in sn-2. The VCO used was VCO obtained from one of the Pharmacies store in Medan, and PKO from the Oil Processing Plant. The total fatty acid composition was measured by Gas Chromatography. The nutritional value of fat was evaluated by the percentage deviation from 33.33% (ratio: 1: 1: 1) of each group of fatty acid (saturated fatty acids; SFA: monounsaturated fatty acids; MUFA:polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). The distribution of lauric acid in TAG was conducted through hydrolysis by using specific lipase enzymes active at sn-1,3 positions, so that free fatty acids and 2-monoacylglycerol were produced from one TAG molecule. Then free fatty acids were determined by Gas Chromatography. The distribution of lauric acid at sn-2 position was the difference between total lauric acid on TAG before hydrolysis and free lauric acid from sn-1.3 position after hydrolysis. The results showed that PKO nutritional value was better because of the smaller deviation (95.29%) compared with nutritional value of VCO with a greater deviation (118.55%). Lauric acid in sn-2 from VCO and PKO showed that the distribution of lauric acid in sn-2 position was not different,48.33and 48.59%. Keywords: virgin coconut oil, palm kernel oil, composition of fatty acids, sn-2 position, lauric acids

In Vitro Test of Anticalculi Effect from Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Chives Leaf (Allium schoenoprasum L.) Iksen; Sinaga, Siti Morin; Kevin, Kevin; Hutabalian, Marshinta Romarta Uly
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol. 2 No. 2 (2019): Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to analyze the ability of chives leaves of ethyl acetate fraction to dissolve calcium in human kidney stones. This research starts from making the ethyl acetate fraction, calibration curve for calcium and measuring dissolved calcium levels in kidney stones by using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction with a concentration of 2.5% had the greatest anti-calculi capability of 92.02%. The conclusion of this study is that the ethyl acetate fraction of chives leaf has the potential to be anticalculi in the treatment of kidney stones. Abstrak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kemampuan fraksi etil asetat daun kucai untuk melarutkan kalsium pada batu ginjal manusia. Penelitian ini dimulai dari pembuatan fraksi etil asetat, pembuatan kurva kalibrasi kalsium serta pengukuran kadar kalsium terlarut pada batu ginjal dengan menggunakan spektrofotometri serapan atom. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fraksi etil asetat dengan konsentrasi 2,5 % memiliki kemampuan antikalkuli yang terbesar yakni 92,02%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah bahwa fraksi etil asetat daun kucai berpotensi sebagai antikalkuli pada pengobatan batu ginjal.

Simultaneous quantification of B-complex vitamins in tablet dosage form by ultraviolet spectrophotometry using the absorption factor method Effendy De Lux Putra; Siti Morin Sinaga; Harfiansyah, M. Deddy
Journal of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Research Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/jnsmr.v11i1.26111

A novel ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometric method using the absorption factor approach was developed for the simultaneous quantification of B-complex vitamins (cobalamin, pyridoxine, riboflavin, nicotinamide, and thiamine) in tablet dosage forms. The analysis was carried out using methanol as the solvent, with distinct wavelengths selected for each vitamin: 361 nm for cobalamin, 291 nm for pyridoxine, 269 nm for riboflavin, 262 nm for nicotinamide, and 239 nm for thiamine. The method exhibited excellent accuracy, with recovery rates of 100.0851%, 100.3548%, 100.3322%, 100.7838%, and 100.4271% for cobalamin, pyridoxine, riboflavin, nicotinamide, and thiamine, respectively. This technique provides a simple, precise, and effective means for simultaneous quantification of B-complex vitamins in tablet formulations. The method satisfies all validation criteria and shows minimal interference from excipients, making it a reliable tool for quality control in pharmaceutical analysis.

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