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All Journal International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi REKAYASA JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) Warta Pengabdian CHEESA: Chemical Engineering Research Articles Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat MEMBANGUN NEGERI Jurnal Penelitian IPTEKS Distilat: Jurnal Teknologi Separasi Unri Conference Series: Community Engagement Journal of Biobased Chemicals (JOBC) Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis
Rizki Fitria Darmayanti
Department Of Chemical Engineering, Faculty Of Engineering, Universitas Jember
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics Social Sciences Other

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Subcritical Water Process for Reducing Sugar Production from Biomass: Optimization and Kinetics Maktum Muharja; Arief Widjaja; Rizki Fitria Darmayanti; Nur Fadhilah; Bramantyo Airlangga; Abdul Halim; Siska Nuri Fadilah; I Made Arimbawa
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2022: BCREC Volume 17 Issue 4 Year 2022 (December 2022)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.17.4.16527.839-849

Abstract

The competitive reactions of lignocellulose hydrolysis and monosaccharide degradation in the subcritical water (SCW) hydrolysis of coconut husk were investigated to optimize the reducing sugar yield. Optimization analysis was performed by response surface methodology (RSM) and kinetics studies. Parameters of process optimization were varied at 130-170 °C for 15-45 min. The reducing sugars were measured using the Dinitro salicylic acid method. The sugar yield increased when the temperature increased from 130 °C to 170 °C. The highest reduction sugar yield of 4.946 g/L was obtained at 183.6 °C for 4.8 min and 23.4 liquid/solid ratio (LSR). Kinetics studies were carried out at temperature variations of 150, 170, and 190 °C and pressures of 60, 80, and 100 bar for 5 to 60 min. The yield of reducing sugar decreased with increasing temperature. The kinetic model 2B is the best method to explain the competitive reaction kinetics of coconut husk hydrolysis. This research is an innovation to increase the reducing sugar to make the process more commercially viable. Copyright © 2022 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). 
Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Alkali Pretreatment for Enhancement of Delignification Process of Cocoa Pod Husk Maktum Muharja; Rizki Fitria Darmayanti; Bekti Palupi; Istiqomah Rahmawati; Boy Arief Fachri; Felix Arie Setiawan; Helda Wika Amini; Meta Fitri Rizkiana; Atiqa Rahmawati; Ari Susanti; Ditta Kharisma Yolanda Putri
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2021: BCREC Volume 16 Issue 1 Year 2021 (March 2021)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.16.1.8872.31-43

Abstract

In this study, the optimization of microwave-assisted alkaline (MAA) pretreatment is performed to attain the optimal operating parameters for the delignification of cocoa pod husk (CPH). The MAA performance was examined by heating the CPH solid with different particle sizes (60–120 mesh) and NaOH solution with a different sample to a solvent (SS) ratio (0.02–0.05 g/L), for short irradiation time (1–4 min). Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was utilized to optimize the percentage of lignocellulose composition changes. The results show that by enlarging particle size, the content of lignin and cellulose decreased while hemicellulose increased. By prolong irradiation time, the content of lignin and hemicellulose decreased while cellulose elevated. On the other hand, increasing the SS ratio was not significant for hemicellulose content changes. From FTIR and SEM characterization, the MAA drove the removal of lignin and hemicellulose of CPH and increased cellulose slightly. Supported by kinetic study which conducted in this work, it was exhibited that MAA pretreatment technology is an effective delignification method of CPH which can tackle the bottleneck of its commercial biofuel production. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). 
Hydrolysis of Mixed Sugarcane Bagasse and Rice Husk Using Cellulase Enzyme for Reducing Sugar Production Pratami, Melyta Rizky; Darmayanti, Rizki Fitria; Nuraini, Nanda Febia; Munawaroh, Faizzatul
Journal of Biobased Chemicals Vol. 2 No. 1 (2022): Journal of Biobased Chemicals
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (249.1 KB) | DOI: 10.19184/jobc.v2i1.116

Abstract

Reducing sugar can be produced from lignocellulosic raw materials. The content of polysaccharides such as cellulose, hemicellulose, and starch will be broken down into simpler carbohydrates. This study used a mixture of sugarcane bagasse and rice husks as lignocellulosic raw materials. The lignin content in the raw material must be removed through delignification or pretreatment so that enzymes can access cellulose and hemicellulose. This study used a physics-chemical pretreatment method, in which lignocellulosic material soak in 3% NaOH then heated with microwave and boiling water. The next process is enzymatic hydrolysis with variations of cellulase enzymes activity 0.434, 0.871, 2.61, and 3.49 FPU/g mixture of bagasse and rice husks. The cellulase enzyme used in this study was also derived from the fungus Trichoderma viride. Analysis of the sugar concentration resulting from hydrolysis used the DNS method with the 3.5-dinitrosalicylic acid reagent. The concentration of sugar from hydrolysis using a variety of enzymes with microwave heating pretreatment and boiling water pretreatment obtained the highest results which were the same at the addition of enzyme activity 3.49 FPU/g substrate at 24 hours, namely 4.077 g/L and 15.18 g/L. The optimum time for enzymatic hydrolysis is 12 hours and optimum enzyme activity is the addition of enzyme activity 2.61 FPU/g. The average concentration of sugar hydrolyzed by the addition of Trichoderma viride solution in pretreatment using microwave heating was 0.7611 g/L with a yield of 21.01 mg sugar/g substrate and with pretreatment in boiling water obtained 0.8679 g/L with a yield of 23.95 mg sugar/g substrate.
Development of a Novel Support Modification for Efficient Lipase Immobilization: Preparation, Characterization, and Application for Bio-flavor Production Moentamaria, Dwina; Irfin, Zakijah; Chumaidi, Achmad; Widjaja, Arief; Widjaja, Tri; Muharja, Maktum; Darmayanti, Rizki Fitria
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2024: BCREC Volume 19 Issue 2 Year 2024 (August 2024)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20130

Abstract

The low cost and excellent catalytic properties of lipase for industrial processes are highly desirable. A promising new approach involves the support modification of lipase and spacer arm, which enables the enhancement of lipase properties. This study investigates the immobilization of crude lipase from Mucor miehei onto a Polyurethane Foam (PUF) surface using various coating techniques. The PUF matrix was obtained through isocyanate and polyol reactions. Subsequently, the PUF was coated by adsorbing lipase and adding edible support material. The immobilized lipase was then utilized in the hydrolysis of coconut oil to produce fatty acids. Furthermore, the immobilized enzyme was employed in the esterification of fatty acids to produce bio-flavors. The results demonstrate that the attachment reaction using support material, namely lecithin, gelatin, MgCl2, and Polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG), all of which are simple and edible, was able to enhance the stability and reusability of lipase. This immobilization technique increased triglyceride hydrolysis into FFA by 422%. The successful edible support modification of immobilized lipase from M. miehei on PUF, coupled with significantly enhanced enzyme stability and catalytic activity, offers a promising, environmentally friendly solution for diverse applications in the food industry. Copyright © 2024 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Enhancement of the Quality of Onion Drying Using Tray Dryer Fadilah, Siska Nuri; Khamil, Achri Isnan; Muharja, Maktum; Darmayanti, Rizki Fitria; Aswie, Viqhi
CHEESA: Chemical Engineering Research Articles Vol. 5 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas PGRI Madiun

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/cheesa.v5i2.13968.74-81

Abstract

Previous reports showed that there has been a continuous increase in the annual production of onion in Indonesia, and it is inversely proportional to the market price. The price drop is often caused by the high water content, which makes it easy to rot. Preservation of onions through a tray dryer is a good preservation method because it is effective and does not require much energy. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of variations in time, material thickness, and air velocity on the drying rate of onions. The samples were sliced to a size of 2 - 5 mm, followed by drying for 60 min using a tray dryer with different air rates between 4 - 7 m/s, and the rate of the process was observed every 15 min. The results showed that the drying time reduced the humidity in the chamber. The highest rate of 0.525 g/min was obtained at the peak air rate of 7 m/s. ANOVA results revealed that variations in time, onion thickness, and flow rate have a significant effect on increasing the drying rate of onions. This indicates that the method can be an effective and efficient solution to optimize the drying of the commodity.
Analisis Pengaruh Penambahan Koagulan Terhadap Kualitas Tetes Tebu dalam Proses Dekalsifikasi sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan Monosodium Glutamate Shofia Khoirunissa, Dita; Ramadhani, Salsabila Amania; Darmayanti, Rizki Fitria; Muharja, Maktum; Khotimah, Husnul; Ayu Salsabila, Putri
Rekayasa Vol 18, No 1: April 2025
Publisher : Universitas Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/rekayasa.v18i1.22196

Abstract

One of the challenges in preparing MSG raw materials is the reduction in the quality of molasses due to changes in the sugar production process. This research aims to evaluate the impact of adding coagulants on improving the quality of molasses in the Industrial MSG preparation. The materials used consist of sugar cane molasses and Sodium polyacrylate with varying concentrations of 5-20 ppm. Analysis was carried out on the percentage of total solids (%TS) using the sludge reduction rate method, and by comparing the total solution volume with the sludge height. The results showed that the addition of coagulant had a significant effect on the rate of sludge formation. The optimum point was achieved by adding 20 ppm of coagulant, which was able to achieve sludge reduction stability within 0.5 hours. Optimal operational conditions occur at a temperature of 55℃, pH 2.5-2.6, and a sugar content of 37%. The important role of the coagulant solution volume was seen in accelerating the deposition process, which had a significant impact (P 0.1). Although this condition has the potential to accelerate improvements in the quality of molasses in the production process, it still requires an assessment of the economic impact on overall production profits. The addition of coagulants was identified as a solution to improve the quality of molasses which was decreasing.
Redesigning the Coagulation Process for Treating Water Produced from Petroleum Drilling in Water Treatment Injection Plants Muharja, Maktum; Darmayanti, Rizki Fitria; Sonomoto, Kenji
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v9i1.5156

Abstract

This study aims to optimize the coagulation process for treating wastewater produced from petroleum drilling. The research includes redesigning the flocculator to enhance the coagulation process. The initial quality of the wastewater, characterized by parameters such as turbidity and Total Suspended Solids (TSS), did not meet the environmental quality standards stipulated by the Indonesian government. Poly Aluminum Chloride (PAC) coagulant and Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) flocculant were utilized at varying doses of 10–150 ppm and 0.25–25 ppm, respectively. The study identified the key challenges in the current coagulation and flocculation processes, including inefficiencies in pollutant removal and high operational costs. Optimal doses of 10 ppm for coagulants and 0.25 ppm for flocculants were determined, resulting in daily operational cost savings of IDR 15,865,030. The economic analysis was conducted to project the potential cost savings based on the optimized dosages, indicating a reduction in chemical costs and operational expenses. Moreover, the optimal injection distance for PAA flocculant was found to be approximately 3.5 meters from the static mixer. A new design for the flocculator was proposed, incorporating these findings to improve the overall treatment efficiency. The redesigned flocculator prototype features a 6-meter-long horizontal tube, 1.5 meters in diameter, with 15 partitions spaced 40 cm apart, and a water level difference between the inlet and outlet of around 0.67 cm. These findings suggest that coagulation redesign and optimization, along with clarifier engineering, can significantly reduce operational costs and enhance water quality for injection into the earth.
Metode Baru Perhitungan Viskositas Intrinsik Dan Berat Molekul Polihidroksialkanoat Untuk Produksi Plastik Biodegradable Zikrillah, M.; Muharja, Maktum; Darmayanti, Rizki Fitria; Batuthoh, M. Wildan Ibnu; Khamil, Achri Isnan
Jurnal Penelitian IPTEKS Vol 8, No 2 (2023): JURNAL PENELITIAN IPTEKS
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32528/ipteks.v8i2.17700

Abstract

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) merupakan jenis polimer yang termasuk dalam plastik biodegradable. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan perhitungan viskositas intrinsik dan berat molekul dari Polihidroksialkanoat menggunakan metode Mark-Houwink. PHA dengan kosentrasi 0.1,0.2,0.3,0,4 gr/ml diumpankan ke dalam labu ukur yang berisi larutan kloroform (CHCl 3 ) dengan konsentrasi 50 ml lalu diaduk selama 4 jam, Setelah itu larutan dialirkan ke dalam kolom viskometer dengan kisaran waktu 1 menit. Berat molekul diukur dengan menggunakan metode Mark-Houwink. Hasil berat molekul yang diperoleh sebesar 621266.881 g/mol.  
SIMULASI KENAIKAN KAPASITAS PRODUKSI GULA PADA PROSES KARBONATASI DI PT. INDUSTRI GULA GLENMORE MENGGUNAKAN PERANGKAT LUNAK ASPEN PLUS Muharja, Maktum; Darmayanti, Rizki Fitria; Widjaja, Arief; Firmansyah, Arfian Alwi; Karima, Nur
JST (Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (315.192 KB) | DOI: 10.23887/jstundiksha.v11i1.39521

Abstract

PT Industri Gula Glenmore (PT. IGG) merupakan salah satu industri gula di Indonesia yang menggunakan metode defekasi remelt karbonatasi (DRK) pada proses pemurnian nira. Dalam beberapa tahun ke depan, PT IGG berencana menaikkan kapasitas produksi sebesar 8.000 ton/hari dari kapasitas semula sebesar 6.000 ton/hari. Oleh karena itu, studi ini bertujuan untuk menyimulasikan peningkatan produksi gula dari 6.000 menjadi 8.000 ton/hari dengan menganalisis neraca massa dan neraca energi dan mensimulasikannya menggunakan software Aspen Plus V11. Proses yang disimulasikan dalam studi ini berfokus pada kinerja karbonator. Hasil penghitungan kapasitas 6.000 ton/hari menunjukkan massa keluar dan energi yang dibutuhkan (∆H) pada karbonator 2 secara berturut-turut adalah 72.766,20 kg/jam dan -1.828,32 kkal/jam. Sedangkan pada kapasitas 8.000 ton/hari, massa keluar dan energi yang dibutuhkan pada karbonator 2 secara berturut-turut adalah 97.015,61 kg/jam dan -2.441,30 kkal/jam. Simulasi menggunakan aspen plus menunjukkan hasil dengan selisih perbedaan yang dapat ditoleransi dibandingkan dengan penghitungan neraca massa dan energi. Dari studi ini, simulasi peningkatan produksi gula akan berguna untuk mempermudah proses desain karbonator pada kenaikan kapasitas produksi atau penggantian metode pemurnian.
Optimalisasi Hidrolisis Air Subkritis Biomassa Ampas Tebu Berbantuan Surfaktan untuk Produksi Gula Reduksi Muharja, Maktum; Widjaja, Arief; Fadhilah, Nur; Darmayanti, Rizki Fitria; Fadilah, Siska Nuri
JST (Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi) Vol. 12 No. 3 (2023): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/jstundiksha.v12i3.53403

Abstract

Penggunaan bahan bakar fosil yang menimbulkan banyak masalah mendorong peneliti untuk mengembangkan energi terbarukan. Ampas tebu sebagai limbah pertanian yang melimpah di Indonesia berpotensi untuk dimanfaatkan dalam produksi gula reduksi yang merupakan produk antara dari biofuel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hidrolisis air subkritis ampas tebu menggunakan surfaktan Tween 80 untuk mengoptimalkan total perolehan gula reduksi. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimental kuantitatif. Analisa data yang digunakan yaitu analisis kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Proses air subkritis dioptimalkan dengan memvariasikan kondisi operasi suhu 130-170°C, waktu 30-60 menit, dan konsentrasi aditif 1-3%. Optimasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM) untuk memahami perilaku faktor-faktor signifikan yang mempengaruhi konsentrasi gula reduksi. RSM ditentukan dengan menggunakan software Design-Expert V11. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan total gula reduksi tertinggi yaitu sebesar 470.6444 didapatkan pada variasi suhu 170°C, selama 30 menit, dan konsentrasi surfaktan 2%. Dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa metode air subkritis dengan penambahan aditif dapat dipertimbangkan untuk produksi biofuel dari limbah ampas tebu dalam mendukung pengembangan energi terbarukan.
Co-Authors Abdul Halim Achmad Chumaidi, Achmad Achri Isnan Khamil Adelia Rosalina Ari Susanti Ari Susanti Arief Widjaja Aswie, Viqhi Atiqa Rahmawati Ayu Salsabila, Putri Batuthoh, M. Wildan Ibnu Bekti Palupi Boy Arief Fachri Bramantyo Airlangga Daniel Happy Putra Diana Fitriati Ditta Kharisma Yolanda Putri Dyah Ayu Savitri Fadilah, Siska Nuri Felix Arie Setiawan Filial Ahliana Rahmaniyah Firmansyah, Arfian Alwi Hanggara Sudrajat Hanny F. Sangian Helda Wika Amini Helda Wika Amini Hesti Lipuring Tyas Hidayatullah Hidayatullah I Made Arimbawa I Made Arimbawa I Made Arimbawa Ilham Alamsah Ilham Alamsyah Irfin, Zakijah Istiqomah Rahmawati Karima, Nur Kenji Sakai KENJI SONOMOTO Kenji Sonomoto Khamil, Achri Isnan Meta Fitri Rizkiana Ming Gao Ming Gao Mohammad Abdul Aziz Fajar Mohammad Nashir Idham Kholid Mohammad Nazarudin Ali Muharja, Maktum Munawaroh, Faizzatul Nur Fadhilah Nur Fadhilah Nur Fadhilah Nuraini, Nanda Febia Nurtsulutsiyah Nurtsulutsiyah Prastika, Andika Pratami, Melyta Rizky Ramadhani, Salsabila Amania Rekha Aliyya Isma Sakai, Kenji Sanomoto, Kenji Shofia Khoirunissa, Dita Siska Nuri Fadilah Siska Nuri Fadilah Siska Nuri Fadilah Sjarief Widjaja Susilowati Susilowati Tantular Nurtono Tao Zhao Tao Zhao Tashiro, Yukihiro Tri Dwinanda Nursoliha Tri Widjaja Wardhani, Maharani Tri Yakub Hendrikson Manurung Yakub Hendrikson Manurung Yukihiro Tashiro Zakia Ainun Salsabila Zikrillah, M.