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The Correlation Between Food Hygiene and Sanitation in Food Vendors of Lalapan with Enterobacteriaceae Contamination in Fresh Vegetables Muhammad Ali Shodikin; Enny Suswati; Bagus Hermansyah; Wiwin Sugih Utami; Dwita Aryadina; Nexia Nevarachell Onny Amirsyah
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Vol 16 No 01 (2023): Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (Journal of Health Science) 
Publisher : Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/jhs.v16i01.3053

Abstract

Lalapan is a fresh vegetable usually eat up with rice and other Indonesian dishes. However, fresh vegetables can potentially be contaminated with pathogenic bacteria, such as Enterobacteriaceae, harming consumers if not appropriately processed and cleaned. This study analyzes the correlation between food hygiene and sanitation in food vendors of Lalapan with Enterobacteriaceae contamination in fresh vegetables. It used an analytic observational design with a cross-sectional approach. In addition, the population was food vendors of lalapan in the Sumbersari District, Jember Regency. There were 30 respondents with a consecutive sampling method. Food hygiene and sanitation instrument was an observation sheet according to 16 points stipulated in the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia number 1096/MENKES/PER/VI of 2011. In addition, we tested fresh vegetable samples to analyze Enterobacteriaceae contamination with a microbiological test using Salmonella Chromogenic Agar (SCA) media. Then, data analysis used Fisher's exact test with α=0.05. The observation showed that most respondents had good food sanitation hygiene (76.7%). The microbiological examination indicated 23 vegetable samples (76.7%) were contaminated with Enterobacteriaceae. Statistical analysis using Fisher's exact test Exact obtained p=1.000 (p>0.05). Thus, there was no significant correlation between food hygiene and sanitation in food vendors of lalapan with Enterobacteriaceae contamination in fresh vegetables. In conclusion, hygiene, and sanitation food among food vendors of lalapan do not correlate with Enterobacteriaceae contamination in fresh vegetables. Further research could analyze the vegetable's planting, harvesting, and distribution processes as risk factors for Enterobacteriaceae contamination in fresh vegetables.
RESISTANCE PROFILE OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM LAYING HENS MANURE IN JEMBER REGENCY Enny Suswati; Elly Nurus Sakinah; Jauhar Firdaus; Abu Khoiri
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Vol. 15 No. 5 October 2023
Publisher : The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2023.v15.i05.p17

Abstract

Antibiotics are becoming more prevalent as environmental pollutants, raising public health concerns. Antibiotics are routinely employed as growth promoters and therapeutic agents in poultry feeds. Because antibiotics are not completely metabolized in chicken body tissues, they are deposited in meat as parent compounds and eventually extruded into the environment via fowl droppings. Organic fertilizers based on chicken litter are typically recycled into the soil to improve the structure and fertility of agricultural land. Chicken litter, a vital source of nutrients for crop productivity, may also carry a variety of human infections that might endanger humans who consume contaminated food or water. A convenience sampling of five places was carried out. Litter samples were collected aseptically. CLSI standards were used to isolate E. coli and Proteus spp. The disc diffusion method was used to determine antibiotic susceptibility. E. coli and Proteus spp. were found in 80% and 60% of the samples. All E. coli and Proteus spp isolates derived from laying hen manure were resistant to sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, cefixime, tetracycline, amoxiclav, ceftriaxone, and chloramphenicol. However, only 50% and 33% were resistant to azithromycin. All E. coli and Proteus spp. Isolates were multidrug resistant. There was no resistance reported to cefepime or imipenem. Contamination of chicken litter with multidrug-resistant E. coli and Proteus spp. may be an underappreciated source of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) transmission to animals, people, and the environment. This demonstrates the importance of a One Health strategy to AMR surveillance and control in Jember. Monitoring AMR hazards and trends in the chicken litter would be possible with ongoing surveillance.
Pengaruh Lama Penyimpanan Terhadap Total Bakteri pada Ayam Goreng Tepung di Kawasan Universitas Jember Indra Samudra Rahmat; Enny Suswati; Bagus Hermansyah; Supangat Supangat
Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana Vol. 11 No. 2 (2023): Juli 2023
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/avi.11.2.109-115

Abstract

Ayam goreng tepung biasa dijual di sepanjang jalan dan pusat makanan cepat saji di kawasan Universitas Jember. Lama penyimpanan ayam goreng tepung yang diperhatikan karena berbahan dasar ayam yang rentan terhadap pembusukan dan dapat menampung patogen bahkan di bawah kondisi dan praktik pengelolaan terbaik. Lama penyimpanan ayam goreng tepung mempengaruhi kualitas dari produk makanan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah bakteri kontaminan serta adanya pengaruh lama penyimpanan terhadap total bakteri kontaminan pada ayam goreng tepung di kawasan Universitas Jember. Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional dan dilakukan pada bulan Januari – April 2021. Sampel yang didapatkan sebanyak 72 sampel berasal dari 14 warung di sepanjang jalan Kalimantan, jalan Jawa, jalan Riau dan jalan Mastrip Jember. Pemeriksaan sampel dilakukan dengan menghitung jumlah koloni bakteri pada media analisis menggunakan colony counter manual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata hasil hitung total bakteri sebesar 3.9x104 CFU/gram. Hasil pengukuran telah sesuai peraturan BPOM No.13 tahun 2019 angka lempeng total (ALT) maks 106 CCFU/gram. Hasil uji Kruskal-Wallis menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh antara lama penyimpanan sampel ayam goreng tepung dengan jumlah total bakteri yang berkembang. Hasil uji post hoc menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan pada sampel jam ke-0 hingga jam ke-6. Kesimpulan penelitian terdapat pengaruh antara lama penyimpana terhadap total bakteri pada ayam goreng tepung.
Hubungan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat dengan kejadian infestasi Soil–transmitted Helminths pada pekerja perkebunan kopi Sumber Wadung Kabupaten Jember Ahmad Hasbi Al-Muzaky; Bagus Hermansyah; Enny Suswati; Yunita Armiyanti; Yudha Nurdian
Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan : Publikasi Ilmiah Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya Vol. 6 No. 1 (2019): Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan : Publikasi Ilmiah Fakultas Kedokteran Universi
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/jkk.v6i1.109

Abstract

Infestasi Soil - Transmitted Helminths (STH) merupakan masalah kesehatan yang masih sering ditemukan di negara beriklim tropis, salah satunya di Indonesia. Hal ini dikarenakan perkembangan STH membutuhkan kondisi lingkungan yang hangat dan lembab, serta memerlukan media tanah untuk menjadi fase infektif yang disebut soil - transmitted helminth.Kondisi ini dapat ditemukan di lingkungan perkebunan yang sangat menguntungkan bagi perkembangan STH. Hal ini menyebabkan para pekerja perkebunan sangat beresiko terinfestasi oleh STH. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui adanya hubungan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS) dengan kejadian infestasi STH pada pekerja perkebunan kopi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian analisis deskriptif dengan desain cross-sectional yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2018 hingga Januari 2019. Perkebunan yang dipilih adalah Perkebunan Kopi Sumber Wadung di Kabupaten Jember dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 100 orang responden dan diberikan kuisioer PHBS. Pemeriksaan infestasi STH dilakukan dengan dua metode yaitu flotasi dan sedimentasi. Dari 100 responden, 28 pekerja (28%) terinfestasi oleh STH. Kemudian dilakukan uji analisis chi-square antara PHBS dengan kejadian infestasi STH dan didapatkan adanya hubungan antara PHBS dengan kejadian infestasi STH pada pekerja (<0,05).
ANTIBIOGRAM OF PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC FOOT AT DR. SOEBANDI REGIONAL HOSPITAL OF JEMBER, INDONESIA Suswati, Enny; Mustofa, Habib; Hermansyah, Bagus; Agustina, Dini; Sakinah, Elly N
Jurnal Profesi Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 17 No 1 (2023): Jurnal Profesi Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran UPN Veteran Jakarta Kerja Sama KNPT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33533/jpm.v17i1.5753

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Diabetic foot is a complication of diabetes mellitus that uses antibiotics to control the infection as the primary therapy. This study aimed to determine the type of bacteria and antimicrobial sensitivity patterns in diabetic foot. The samples were taken from the medical records of the patients with diabetic foot, who performed the swab culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing in the inpatient and outpatient care in dr. Soebandi Regional Hospital. The samples used were the patients diagnosed with diabetic foot from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2018. The data in this study were univariately analyzed. Forty-three pathogens were isolated from 40 patients with 12 ESBL isolates. The most common bacteria found were Gram-negative (90.7%), including Escherichia coli (33.33%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.82%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.82%), Enterobacter cloacae (7.69%) and Proteus mirabilis (7.69%). Then, there were also 9.3% Gram-positive bacteria of all isolates, with Staphylococcus aureus as the most dominant species (50%). The antibiotic antimicrobial susceptibility testing also showed that Imipenem, amikacin, fosfomycin, cefoxitin, and netilmicin were the most sensitive antibiotics. The most common type of bacteria found was Escherichia coli, while the antibiotic still sensitive in most bacteria was imipenem.
Increased levels of IL-4 in the Spleen of BALB/c Mice after 65.5 kDa Pili Protein Klebsiella pneumoniae Immunization Putra Uta, Diego Rafi; Mufida, Diana Chusna; Sutejo, Ika Rahmawati; Agustina, Dini; Suswati, Enny; Shodikin, Muhammad Ali
Medical Laboratory Technology Journal Vol. 10 No. 1 (2024): June
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin Jurusan Analis Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31964/mltj.v10i1.575

Abstract

Pneumonia is an infection of the lung parenchyma caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae, resulting in a high mortality rate of millions each year. To reduce these deaths, one potential solution is to create a vaccine that utilizes virulence factors of this microorganism, such as pili. During the early phase of infection, these antigens have a crucial role and can stimulate the production of memory b cells. These cells are activated by IL-4 (interleukin-4) in lymphoid organs, such as the spleen. Pathogen exposure such as virulence factors can stimulate the secretion of IL-4 in the spleen organ. This study aims to investigate the role of Klebsiella pneumoniae pili in this process. The research conducted from May to December 2023 at the Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jember was purely experimental, using Balb/c mice with IL-4 levels in the spleen organ as variables. The study used 15 mice, divided into control (K1), adjuvant (K2), and antigen (K3) groups. The research data were analyzed using non-parametric tests, specifically the Kruskal-Wallis and Post Hoc tests. The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed significant differences (p=0.003). In the Post Hoc test, a significant difference was found between the control and antigen groups (p=0.002). The results conclusively demonstrate that induction of Klebsiella pneumoniae pili protein 65.5 kDa significantly increases IL-4 levels in the spleen. Future studies should consider adding serum specimens to provide additional information.
The 32 kDa Outer Membrane Proteins of Klebsiella pneumoniae Acts as A Bacterial Adhesin Agustina, Dini; Shodikin, M. Ali; Nugraha, Bima Setia Sandya; Mufida, Diana Chusna; Suswati, Enny; Hermansyah, Bagus
Jurnal ILMU DASAR Vol 23 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jid.v23i2.25435

Abstract

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a bacterium that often causes infection in the human body. At present K. pneumoniae can resist some of the antibiotics it has associated with modification of one of the virulence factors possessed by K. pneumoniae. One virulence factor of K. pneumoniae as pathogen bacteria is Outer Membrane Protein (OMP). The study of adhesin factors in K. pneumoniae involving hemagglutinin and adhesin proteins that have been found in the OMP 20 kDa and 40 kDa, but there is still no research that discusses the role of 32 kDa OMP as a hemagglutinin protein and adhesin. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of 32 kDa outer membrane of K. pneumoniae as hemagglutinin and adhesin proteins. After isolation of Outer Member Protein (OMP) from the K. pneumoniae, which then carried out a hemagglutination test using mice erythrocyte cells and adhesion test using mice enterocyte cells. The results of the hemagglutination test using mice erythrocyte cells obtained the highest hemagglutination titer for the molecular weight of 32 kDa in titers 1/4. The adhesion index with dilution titer has a significant relationship, with a conversion coefficient of 0,813 which means the dilution titer with the OMP adhesion index has a strong relationship with the direction of a positive relationship. The regression test results obtained an R-value of 0,813 which shows a strong relationship, while the R2 value is 66.1%. Conclusion in this study is 32 kDa outer membrane proteins of K. pneumoniae acts as a bacterial adhesin.
The Effect of Milking Techniques on Escherichia coli Contamination in Cow's Milk in Jember Suswati, Enny; Nadhiva, Alvien Zahrotun; Rumastika, Nindya Shinta
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis Vol 9, No 3 (2022): JITRO, September
Publisher : Universitas Halu Oleo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33772/jitro.v9i3.26180

Abstract

Milk is a highly nutritious food but easily contaminated by bacteria. Those bacterias could be pathogenic. Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella sp. are pathogenic microorganisms. Milk contamination which occurs during the milking process can come from various sources such as cow skin, udder, water, soil, dust, humans, equipment, and air. Escherichia coli is a fecal contamination indication. and the possibility of enteropathogenic or toxigenic microorganisms so E. coli is known as a causative agent for diarrhea and foodborne illness. Milking machine usage can reduce the total plate count, maintain udder health, and cow nipples, and improve milk yield, milk quality, and udder health. Indonesian dairy farming still does a lot of milking by hand. The aim of the study was to determine the differences in E. coli contamination in cow milk because of modern milking and traditional milking techniques in Jember Regency. This is observational analytic research using a cross-sectional design with a total sample of 26. The study was conducted in December 2018. Contamination of E. coli in milk was tested using the MPN method, confirmation test using EMB, and Gram staining. Data analysis using bivariate analysis with chi-square test. The results of the study found E. coli contamination in 84.6% of modern milking techniques and 100% of traditional techniques. The conclusion of the study was that E. coli contamination in cow's milk because of traditional milking techniques was greater than that of modern milking techniques, but the results were not significantly different.
Prevalensi Resistensi Escherichia Coli Terhadap Tetrasiklin yang Diisolasi dari Hati Ayam Broiler Syahputri, Siti Ananda Hardita; Suswati, Enny; Nurdian, Yudha; Supangat, Supangat; Agustina, Dini
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis Vol 8, No 3 (2021): JITRO, September
Publisher : Universitas Halu Oleo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (180.333 KB) | DOI: 10.33772/jitro.v8i3.17584

Abstract

ABSTRAK Antibiotik berguna untuk kesehatan manusia maupun hewan. Tetrasiklin salah satu jenis antibiotiik yang paling sering digunakan di peternakan ayam untuk tujuan pengobatan, pencegahan maupun perangsang pertumbuhan (Antibiotic Growth promoter/AGP) dalam pakan ayam broiler. Bakteri Escherichia coli (E. coli) banyak ditemukan di lingkungan peternakan dan dapat mencemari hati ayam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui resistensi bakteri E. coli yang diisolasi dari hati ayam broiler terhadap tetrasiklin. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Sampel yang digunakan bakteri E. coli pada hati ayam broiler. Ayam broiler diambil berasal dari PT X yang berada pada 6 desa di Kecamatan Sumbersari, Kabupaten Jember. Uji resistensi bakteri dilakukan dengan Metode Kirby Bauer. Data dianalisis dengan metode Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bakteri yang ditemukan dari hati ayam 100% adalah golongan bakteri Gram negatif. Berdasarkan hasil kultu rpada media EMB dan pengecatan Gram sebanyak 67% sampel teridentifikasi positif bakteri E. coli. Pada uji resistensi antibiotik didapatkan 50% sensitif, 25% intermediet dan 25% resistensi terhadap tetrasiklin. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini bakteri E. coli yang diisolasi dari hati ayam broiler 25% resisten terhadap tetrasiklinKata kunci: Eschecicia coli, tetrasiklin, hati ayam, resistancePrevalence of Escherichia Coli Resistance to Tetracyclin Isolated from Broiler Chicken LiverABSTRACT Antibiotics are useful for human and animal health. Tetracyclines are one of the most commonly used antibiotics in chicken farms for medicinal purposes, prevention, and growth stimulants (Antibiotic Growth promoter / AGP) in broiler feed. Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria are found in many livestock environments and can contaminate chicken livers. The purpose of this study was to determine the resistance of E. coli isolated from broiler chicken livers to tetracyclines. This research is descriptive. The samples used were E. coli bacteria in the broiler liver. Broiler chickens were taken from PT X in 6 villages in Sumbersari District, Jember Regency. The test for bacterial resistance was carried out using the Kirby Bauer method. Data were analyzed using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute method. The results of this study indicated that the bacteria found from 100% chicken liver were gram-negative bacteria. Based on the results of culture on EMB media and Gram staining, 67% of the samples were identified as positive for E. coli bacteria. In the antibiotic resistance test, it was found that 50% sensitivity, 25% intermediates, and 25% resistance to tetracyclines were found. The conclusion in this study was that E. coli bacteria isolated from 25% broiler chicken liver was resistant to tetracyclines.Keywords: Eschecicia coli, tetracyclines, chicken liver, resistance
Analysis of Pathogenic Bacteria in Ready-to-eat Fried Chicken in the Jember University Campus Area Suswati, Enny; Supangat, Supangat; Rahmat, Indra Samudra; Mukarromah, Laylatul Fitriyah
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis Vol 9, No 2 (2022): JITRO, May
Publisher : Universitas Halu Oleo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33772/jitro.v9i2.22092

Abstract

Poultry meat is a food that is widely consumed in various forms, but it is also a reservoir of bacteria. This study aims to isolate and identify the type of contaminant bacteria in fried chicken sold in the Jember University campus area. This research is a laboratory epidemiological survey research, in January - March 2021. 79 fried chicken samples came from 27 stalls along Jalan Kalimantan, Jalan Jawa, Jalan Riau and Jalan Mastrip Jember. Isolation and identification of bacteria using chromogenic media, namely Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) and Salmonella Chromogenic Agar (SCA). The identification of bacteria based on the color of the growing bacterial colonies was then confirmed with API E 20 media. The results showed that 98.7 % of fried chicken samples contained at least 1 type of bacteria. The types of bacteria that contaminate fried chicken are Escherichia coli (98.8 %), Staphylococcus aureus (94.9 %), Salmonella typhimurium (26.5 %), Salmonella typhi (8.8 %), and Proteus spp. (2.5 %). Thus, consumers' proper hygiene and safety practices have been suggested as the main intervention and need to be followed up with regular surveys to assess behavioral changes and reduce knowledge gaps.Keywords: ready to eat, fried chicken, foodborne diseases
Co-Authors Abu Khoiri Aditya Oktavianto Ahmad Hasbi Al-Muzaky Ahmad Hasbi Al-Muzaky Alfianti, Nita Angga Mardro Raharjo Anggraini, Nanda Dewi Anisa Rizca Putri APRI KUNTARININGSIH Arifah Nur Hasanah Ariska Nur Aida asihanti rosita ferdiana Azham Purwandhono Bagus Hermansyah Bagus Hermansyah Bagus Satrio Pambudi Bagus Satrio Pambudi, Bagus Satrio Cholis Abrori, Cholis Desie D. Wisudanti Desie Dwi Wisudanti Devi Chintya Kumalasari Dian H. Purnamasari Diana C Diana C. Mufida Diana Chusna Mufida Dini Agustina Dwita Aryadina Dwita Aryadina Rachmawati Elly Nurus Sakinah, Elly Nurus Elvia Rahmi Marga Putri Erfan Efendi Habib Mustofa Haq, Hanifah S Ika Rahmawati Sutejo Indra Samudra Rahmat Jauhar Firdaus Joko Mariyono Kirana Nadyatara Kristianningrum Dian Sofiana Lailatis Shofia Laksmi Indreswari Lutfadaturroifa, Alya Wafaul M. Ali Shodikin Misnawi Misnawi Misnawi Misnawi Mufida Mufida Mufida, Diana C Muhammad A. Shodikin Muhammad Alif Taryafi Mukarromah, Laylatul Fitriyah Nadhiva, Alvien Zahrotun Nexia Nevarachell Onny Amirsyah Nisrina Salsabila Firmansyah Nita Alfianti Nugraha, Bima Setia Sandya NUR K. AGUSTIN Nurhayati Nurhayati Pratama, Dava Rizky Prayoga Adinawer Sirait Probosutiksna, Nuno Febrian Probosutiksna, Nuno Febrian Putra Uta, Diego Rafi Putu Ayu Laksmi Lestari Raharjo, Angga M Rahmat, Indra Samudra Regina Finka Risty Pradana Linggan Wangi Rumastika, Nindya Shinta S.Pd. M Kes I Ketut Sudiana . Sakinah, Elly N Salsabila, Yuna Annisa Saskia Mediawati septa surya wahyudi, septa surya Shodikin, M. Ali Shofia, Lailatis Sudarmanto, Yohanes Supangat Supangat Supangat Supangat Suryono Suryono Syahputri, Siti Ananda Hardita Ulfa Elfiah Wahyuning Ati Ashari Wiwien Sugih Utami Wiwin Sugih Utami Yudha Nurdian Yudha Nurdian Yuna Annisa Salsabila Yunita Armiyanti Yunita Wulansari