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All Journal JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN: Jurnal dan Aplikasi Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan Narra J Archives of The Medicine and Case Reports Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional (National Public Health Journal) International Journal of Biomedical Science and Travel Medicine
Erni Juwita Nelwan, Erni Juwita
Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam, FK Universitas Indonesia RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Campak: Refleksi Keberhasilan Program Vaksinasi Nelwan, Erni Juwita
Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Campak dan Vaksinasi Campak pada Orang Dewasa Sinto, Robert; Koesnoe, Sukamto; Nelwan, Erni Juwita; Widhani, Alvina; Shakinah, Sharifah; Pasaribu, Adeline; Duindrahajeng, Bernadine Gracia; Suwarto, Suhendro; Nainggolan, Leonard; Chen, Lie Khie; Susilo, Adityo; Maria, Suzy; Hasibuan, Anshari Saifuddin; Wicaksana, Bramantya
Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Measles is a highly contagious viral infection that remains a significant global health problem despite the availability of an effective vaccine. Measles re-emergence is driven by gaps in immunization coverage, waning post-vaccination immunity, and increased population mobility. In adults, measles infection is associated with greater disease severity compared to children. This literature review was conducted by reviewing recent scientific publications addressing the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management, complications, and prevention of measles, with a focus on the adult population.  Measles is caused by an RNA virus of the Paramyxoviridae family and is transmitted through respiratory droplets and aerosols. Typical clinical features include fever, cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, and a maculopapular rash with a centrifugal and cephalocaudal distribution. Diagnosis is based on clinical findings and confirmed by laboratory tests such as RT-PCR and measles-specific IgM serology. Measles infection causes significant immunosuppression, including immune amnesia, which increases susceptibility to secondary infections. Management is primarily supportive and vitamin A supplementation has been shown to reduce mortality in certain populations. In adults, complications tend to be more severe, particularly pneumonia as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, as well as neurological complications such as encephalitis and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE). Measles vaccination with the MMR vaccine remains the main prevention strategy. However, its implementation faces challenges, including gaps in immunization coverage, vaccine hesitancy, and limited adult immunization record system. Measles in adults remains a significant health concern with a high risk of severe complication. Strengthening immunization program, improving public education, and developing integrated surveillance system are essential to reduce disease incidence and burden.
Co-Authors Aditya Wardhana Adityo Susilo, Adityo Agus Santosa Agus Santosa Alvina Widhani, Alvina Antono, Akbarbudhi Aryati Aryati Aryati Aryati Asep Purnama Asep Purnama, Asep Aulia Rizka Aulia Rizka, Aulia Baso, Gery Dala Prima Benediktus Yohan Birry Karim Bramantya Wicaksana Ceva W. Pitoyo Cleopas Martin Rumende Cleopas Martin Rumende Cynthia Olivia Maurine Jasirwan David Hutajulu Dimas Priantono Dimas Priantono, Dimas Dono Antono Duindrahajeng, Bernadine Gracia E. Mudjaddid A. Siswanto Deddy N.W.Achadiono Hamzah Shatri Edwin Wijaya Eka Ginanjar Em Yunir, Em Evy Yunihastuti Fadhilah, Azzahra Firda Annisa Fransiscus Nikodemus Hosea Gery Dala Prima Baso Gondo Mastutik Gurmeet Singh Hakim, Manfaluthy Hamka Gunawan Marpaung Hasibuan, Anshari Saifuddin Herikurniawan Herikurniawan Hesty Utami Ramadaniaty Irianty Juana Anna Bertha Khie Chen Kumalawati, July Kuntaman Kuntaman Kuntjoro Harimurti Leonard Nainggolan Maradewi Maksum Marcellus Simadibrata Marpaung, Hamka Gunawan Mira Yulianti Muchlis AU Sofro Nabella Qisthina Laksita Dewi Olivia Jocelyn Pasaribu, Adeline Pringgodigdo Nugroho, Pringgodigdo Purnomo, Windu R. Tedjo Sasmono Retno S Wardani Retno S Wardani Retno Wahyuningsih Retno Wahyuningsih Riswan Riswan Robert Sinto Robert Sinto Rustam, Musfardi Sasmono, R. Tedjo Shakinah, Sharifah Siti Farida Sofro, Muchlis AU Sri Masyeni, Dewa Ayu Putri Suhendro Suwarto, Suhendro Sukamto Koesnoe Sulistianingsih, Dyah Purnamasari Suzy Maria Syamsudin Abdillah Usman Hadi Veronica, Raja Merlinda Wicaksana, Bramantya Widayat Djoko Santoso Windu Purnomo Yohan, Benediktus Yudianto, Dian