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Effect of the Feeding of Formula Milk Enriched with Pro-Antioxidants for the Prevention of Preeclampsia; Study of High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) and Cell-Free mRNA of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in Plasma Wibowo, Noroyono
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume. 35, No. 4, October 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (77.251 KB)

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the feeding of formula milk enriched with pro-antioxidants to high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and cell-free mRNA of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in the first trimester, second trimester, and post labor for the prevention of preeclampsia. Method: This is double-blinded randomized clinical trial in 8-12 weeks pregnant woman with low (below 900 Î¼mol/l) Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP), as a marker of low systemic antioxidant. A total of 104 samples were collected from patients who had antenatal care in Bunda Hospital Jakarta, Budi Kemuliaan Hospital, and Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital from January 2007 until December 2009. From block randomization, 49 samples were allocated in the case group, and 55 samples to the control group. A formula milk enriched with pro-antioxidants was fed to the case group throughout their pregnancy, and a regular pregnancy formula milk was fed to the control group. Hs-CRP and cell-free mRNA PAI-1 test in the two groups at first trimester, second, and post labour was conducted. The incidence of preeclampsia was then compared in the two groups. Result: Significant difference (p

The Level of Zinc is Increasing, while the Serum Folat Level is Decreasing, after Multi-Micronutrient Supplementation in Pregnant Woman Wibowo, Noroyono
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume. 36, No. 4, October 2012
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (102.758 KB)

Objective: To measure the changes of serum iron, folic acid, zinc and selenium level on pregnant woman after multi-micronutrient supplementation. Method: First trimester pregnant woman whom attended Maternal- Fetal Policlinic at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from July 2011 till October 2011 was considered into the study. The intervention was consumption of multi-micronutrient tablet once a day for three months period. The outcomes were the measurements of serum level of iron, folic acid, zinc and selenium before and after supplementation. We used paired T Test and Wilcoxon test for statistical analysis. Results: Twenty-eight pregnant women in their first trimester participated in the study. The micronutrient serum level was measured before and after supplementation during the time period. Before supplementation, serum iron and zinc level were below normal. Serum selenium level was normal with higher than normal serum folic acid level. After supplementation, serum zinc level was found to be below normal. Both level of serum iron and selenium increased to normal. Serum folic level was higher than normal. We found a decrease in serum zinc level with an increase in serum folic acid level that was statistically significant (p 0.009; p 0.003 respectively). We also found a slight decrease of serum iron level and an increase of serum selenium level that were not statistically significant (p 0.295; p 0.333). Conclusion: There is a decreased level of serum zinc with an increase in serum folic acid level after multi-micronutrient supplementation. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 36-4: 171-5] Keywords: multi-micronutrient, supplementation

The Level of Zinc is Increasing, while the Serum Folat Level is Decreasing, after Multi-Micronutrient Supplementation in Pregnant Woman Wibowo, Noroyono
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume. 36, No. 4, October 2012
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Objective: To measure the changes of serum iron, folic acid, zinc and selenium level on pregnant woman after multi-micronutrient supplementation. Method: First trimester pregnant woman whom attended Maternal- Fetal Policlinic at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from July 2011 till October 2011 was considered into the study. The intervention was consumption of multi-micronutrient tablet once a day for three months period. The outcomes were the measurements of serum level of iron, folic acid, zinc and selenium before and after supplementation. We used paired T Test and Wilcoxon test for statistical analysis. Results: Twenty-eight pregnant women in their first trimester participated in the study. The micronutrient serum level was measured before and after supplementation during the time period. Before supplementation, serum iron and zinc level were below normal. Serum selenium level was normal with higher than normal serum folic acid level. After supplementation, serum zinc level was found to be below normal. Both level of serum iron and selenium increased to normal. Serum folic level was higher than normal. We found a decrease in serum zinc level with an increase in serum folic acid level that was statistically significant (p 0.009; p 0.003 respectively). We also found a slight decrease of serum iron level and an increase of serum selenium level that were not statistically significant (p 0.295; p 0.333). Conclusion: There is a decreased level of serum zinc with an increase in serum folic acid level after multi-micronutrient supplementation. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 36-4: 171-5] Keywords: multi-micronutrient, supplementation

The Levels of Zinc, Selenium, Iron and Copper in Preterm Pregnancy do not Differ with those of Healthy Pregnancy Wibowo, Noroyono; fitriana, Fitriana
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume 7 No. 2 April 2019
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Objective: to compare zinc, selenium, iron and copper levels in maternal serum of normal and preterm pregnancy. Methods: It is a cross sectional study with preterm and normal pregnant woman who will carry delivery in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital and Budi Kemuliaan Hospital Jakarta from January to April 2017. This study was conducted by comparing the levels of each micronutrient in both groups of subjects. Result: From January until April 2017, there were 53 subjects divided into 30 normal pregnant women and 23 preterm pregnant women. The levels of zinc, selenium iron and copper in preterm pregnancy were 42 µg/dL, 72,39 µg/L, 74 µg/L, and 2144,52 µg/dL. Levels of zinc, selenium, iron and copper in normal pregnancy were 42 µg/dL, 67,27 µg/L, 70,5 µg/L, and 2221 µg/dL. There was no difference in micronutrients level in both groups. Conclusion: This study concluded that there was no difference in zinc, selenium, iron and copper levels in normal and preterm pregnancy. Keywords: pregnancy, zinc, selenium, iron, copper   LatarBelakang:Persalinan preterm adalahpersalinansebelumusiakehamilan 37 minggulengkap. Persalinan preterm inimasihmenjadimasalah di seluruhdunia.Padalaporan World Health Organization (WHO), Indonesia mendudukiperingkatkelimanegaradenganpersalinan preterm terbanyakyakni 675.700 persalinanpadatahun 2010.Berbagaifaktordihubungkandenganpenyebabterjadinyapersalinan preterm, termasuksalahsatunyaadalahgangguannutrisiselamakehamilan, terutamaseng, selenium, besidantembaga. Tujuan:Penelitianinimembandingkankadarseng, selenium, besidantembagapada serum maternal ibuhamil normal dan preterm. Metode:Penelitiandilakukandenganujipotong-lintangdengansubjekpenelitianibuhamilbaik preterm maupunaterm yang akanmelaksanakanpersalinan di RSUPN Dr. CiptoMangunkusumodan RS Budi Kemuliaan Jakarta padaJanuarihingga April 2017. Penelitiandilakukandenganmembandingkankadarmasing-masingmikronutrienpadakeduakelompoksubjek. Hasil:DalamjangkawaktuJanuarihingga April 2017 didapatkan 53 subjekpenelitianyakni 30 ibuhamil normal dan 23 ibudengankehamilan preterm. Seluruhsubjekdimasukkandalamanalisis data.Kadar seng, selenium, besidantembagapadaibudengankehamilan preterm secaraberurutanadalah 42 µg/dL, 72,39 µg/L, 74 µg/L, dan 2144,52 µg/dL.Sedangkankadarseng, selenium, besidantembagapadaibuhamil normal secaraberurutanadalah 42 µg/dL, 67,27 µg/L, 70,5 µg/L, dan 2221 µg/dL. Tidakadaperbedaanbermaknakadarmikronutrienpadakeduakelompoksubjek. Kesimpulan: Penelitianinimenyimpulkanbahwatidakadaperbedaankadarseng, selenium, besidantembagapadaibuhamil normal danibudengankehamilan preterm. Kata kunci:kehamilan, seng, selenium, besi, tembaga

Placental nutrient and transport system in fetus with small for gestational age and growth restriction compared to appropriate for gestational age Wibawa, Aria; Wibowo, Noroyono; Timan, Ina Susianti; Rohsiswatmo, Rinawati; Putri, Atikah Sayogo
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 33 No. 3 (2024): September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.oa.247361

BACKGROUND Fetal growth restriction (FGR) has multifactorial etiology, including nutrition. Fetal nutrient status depends not only on an adequate supply of key nutrients but also optimal delivery, served by the placenta as a major metabolic and transport organ. This study aimed to evaluate the status of placental oxygen and nutrient concentration and their transporters between appropriate for gestational age (AGA), small for gestational age (SGA), and FGR. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, from July 2018 to December 2020. Patients were divided into 3 groups, namely AGA, SGA, and FGR. The placental samples were taken following delivery. Placental concentration of glucose, amino acids (AAs), and fatty acids (FAs) were measured by calorimetric assay, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, respectively. Placental concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), system y+L, and fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1) were examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS A total of 57 subjects participated in the study. Compared with the AGA group, the SGA and FGR groups had lower placental AA concentration (p = 0.004), higher placental FA concentration (p = 0.048), higher placental expression of VEGF (p = 0.003), system y+L (p = 0.07), and FATP1 (p = 0.021). No difference in placental glucose and GLUT1 concentration was observed among all groups (p = 0.301). CONCLUSIONS The similar profile of macronutrient concentration with increased expression of oxygen and several nutrient transporters in SGA and FGR groups might indicate similar pathogenesis between these groups.

Lower Ferrum, Selenium, and Cadmium; Higher Chromium and Lead Levels in Preeclampsia Patients’ Erythrocyte: A Cross-Sectional Study Prayudhana, Sandhy; Prasmusinto, Damar; Wibowo, Noroyono; Irwinda, Rima; Purwosunu, Yuditiya; Saroyo, Yudianto Budi
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 17, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v17i1.3257

BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress and trace elements in erythrocytes are linked to impaired nitric oxide that can lead to endothelial dysfunction in preeclampsia patients. The morphology of erythrocytes could also be affected by oxidative stress and trace elements. While the relationships between erythrocyte index, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and oxidative stress in preeclampsia have been well established, less attention has been given to the erythrocyte trace elements and their role in disease progression. This study was performed to examine the erythrocyte trace element profile in women with preeclampsia, comparing it with controls. Additionally, it will explore the correlations between erythrocyte trace element levels, the erythrocyte index, and SOD activity.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 40 pregnant women consisting of those with severe preeclampsia and normotensive. Erythrocytes was isolated from blood samples, and analysis of erythrocyte SOD activity and trace elements were performed using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), respectively.RESULTS: Among 15 examined erythrocyte trace elements, the levels of ferrum (Fe), selenium (Se), and cadmium (Cd) were significantly lower, meanwhile, the levels of chromium (Cr) and lead (Pb) were significantly higher in preeclampsia subjects. Additionally, preeclampsia subjects exhibited smaller erythrocyte sizes compared to the normotensive subjects. The erythrocyte SOD activity was significantly elevated in the preeclampsia subjects than the normotensive subjects.CONCLUSION: Erythrocyte trace element levels of Fe, Se, Cd, Cr, and Pb were significantly altered in preeclampsia compared to normotensive controls. These findings suggest that these trace elements may serve as potential predictors for preeclampsia.KEYWORDS: preeclampsia, trace elements, antioxidant, oxidative stress, superoxide dismutase, erythrocyte index

Higher Trace Elements and Lower Fatty Acids Levels in Erythrocytes as Predictors of Preeclampsia Putri, Ruth Widhiati Raharjo; Prasmusinto, Damar; Wibowo, Noroyono; Irwinda, Rima; Purwosunu, Yuditiya; Saroyo, Yudianto Budi
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 16, No 6 (2024)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v16i6.3256

BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia is one of the common causes of maternal death in Indonesia. Many studies only focus on the diagnosis and pharmacological treatment of preeclampsia. However, predictors of preeclampsia need to be observed to add more focus on the etiology and prevention of preeclampsia. The imbalances of trace elements and fatty acids play an important role in preeclampsia. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the status of trace elements and fatty acids in preeclampsia patients as predictors of preeclampsia.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 3 hospitals, and involving 40 pregnant women classified into severe preeclampsia and normotensive groups. Trace elements and fatty acids were measured in serum and erythrocytes using Inductively Coupled Plasma and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Serum and erythrocytes fatty acid levels' cut-off value, sensitivity, and specificity were analyzed using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve and Area Under the Curve (AUC) value.RESULTS: Serum selenium, manganese, and iron levels were significantly different in the preeclampsia group than in the controls (p<0.05). Of all the heavy metals, higher concentrations of cadmium, arsenic, lead, and mercury were found in preeclampsia groups compared to control. Linoleic acid showed the highest predictive value to increase severe preeclampsia with AUC of 0.8. The ratio of high omega-6/omega-3 increases the risk of preeclampsia.CONCLUSION: Selenium, manganese, iron, cadmium, arsenic, lead, and mercury levels are higher in the serum of preeclampsia patients. Almost all erythrocyte fatty acids were significantly higher in the control group compared to preeclampsia. Measurement of trace elements and fatty acids is needed as a predictor of preeclampsia. Erythrocyte fatty acids measurement is considered better than serum.KEYWORDS: trace elements, fatty acids, preeclampsia

Non-Severe Preeclampsia and Subclinical Inflammation: A Study of Cyclophilin A, NF-κB, PARP- 1, and Apoptosis in Human Placentas Resistantie, Novi; Wibowo, Noroyono; Prasmusinto, Damar; Jusman, Sri Widia Azraki; Yamin, Muhammad; Siregar, Nurjati Chairani; Prihartono, Joedo; Mose, Johannes Cornelius; Suhendro, Suhendro; Yunita, Ferdiana; Rosmanah, Lis; Margyaningsih, Nur Ita; Qotrunnada, Labibah; Roviqoh, Cindy Fawwaz; Rauf, Saidah
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Volume 8 Nomor 3 November 2025
Publisher : Dep/SMF Obstetri & Ginekologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/obgynia.v8i3.947

Objective: To compare the expression of CyP-A, NF-κB, PARP-1, and apoptotic index in Non-Severe Preeclampsia (NS-PE) and Normal Pregnancy (NP) and explore their roles in inflammation during preeclampsia.Methods: Conducted in Depok, Indonesia, the cross-sectional study involved 28 participants divided into NS-PE and NP groups based on ISSHP criteria. NP was defined as uncomplicated pregnancies at 38–40 weeks gestation. Placental weight was measured, and ELISA was used to assess biomolecule levels. Data were analyzed using T-tests or Mann-Whitney tests.Result: Maternal gestational age, body mass index, and leukocyte levels were significantly higher in NS-PE. The apoptotic index, measured by TUNEL assay, was also significantly elevated in NS-PE (41.56 ±24.87) compared to NP (23.96 ±18.79; p = 0.044). While CyP-A, PARP-1, and NF-κB levels were higher in NS-PE eventhough they were not statistically significant. Immunohistochemistry confirmed an overall increase in these molecules, supporting their clinical relevance.Conclusion: Despite the lack of statistical significance, increased inflammation and apoptosis in NS-PE may contribute to placental dysfunction and adverse pregnancy outcomes.Non-Severe Preeclampsia dan Inflamasi Subklinis: Studi CyP-A, NF-κB, PARP-1, dan Apoptosis pada Plasenta ManusiaAbstrak Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan ekspresi CyP-A, NF-κB, PARP-1, dan indeks apoptosis antara preeklamsia non-severe (NS-PE) dan kehamilan normal (NP), serta perannya dalam proses inflamasi pada preeklamsia.Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Depok, Indonesia, dengan 28 partisipan yang dikelompokkan menjadi NS-PE dan NP berdasarkan kriteria ISSHP. Berat plasenta diukur dan kadar biomolekul dianalisis menggunakan ELISA. Uji T dan alternatif Mann-Whitney digunakan untuk analisis statistik.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usia kehamilan, indeks massa tubuh (IMT), dan kadar leukosit secara signifikan lebih tinggi pada NS-PE. Indeks apoptosis (TUNEL) juga lebih tinggi secara signifikan pada NS-PE (41,56 ±24,87) dibandingkan NP (23,96 ±18,79; p = 0,044). Kadar CyP-A, PARP-1, dan NF-κB lebih tinggi pada NS-PE meskipun tidak signifikan secara statistik, pemeriksaan IHK mengonfirmasi relevansi klinis peningkatan pada keseluruhan biomolekul tersebut. Kesimpulan: Meskipun signifikansi statistik rendah, peningkatan peradangan dan apoptosis pada NS-PE dapat menyebabkan disfungsi plasenta dan dampak buruk pada kehamilan.Kata kunci: Apoptosis; inflamasi; preeklamsia.

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