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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Anestesiologi Indonesia Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia BERITA BIOLOGI JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA ANNALES BOGORIENSES Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Annales Bogorienses
Witjaksono Witjaksono
Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Population of Bemisia tabaci and Incidence of Yellow Disease in Chili Intercropped with Corn Yolanda, Kiki; Witjaksono, Witjaksono; Putra, Nugroho Susetya
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 28, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.88503

Abstract

Bemisia tabaci is one of the limiting factors in chili farming, because it can cause damage both directly and indirectly as a vector for the Pepper yellow leaf curl virus (PepYLCV). Intercropping chili with corn is one of the efforts to control B. tabaci. Physically, corn plants are able to withstand the presence of B. tabaci, in addition to producing volatile compounds that are repellent to B. tabaci. This research was conducted to determine the optimal age of corn plants to be intercropped with chili plants. The research was conducted in Pleret District, Bantul Regency by testing five different ages of corn: 2 weeks after planting, 6 weeks after planting, 8 weeks after planting, 10 weeks after planting and control (without intercropping with corn). Weeks after planting are counted from the first day the corn seeds were planted. Yellow sticky trap (YST) was used to determine the presence of B. tabaci population in each treatment plot. YST was tied to bamboo sticks and placed on treatment beds with as many as 2 (two) traps per treatment plot. The distance between the yellow sticky trap and the plant was 30 cm, so the height of the trap was always adjusted according to the height of the plant. Observation of B. tabaci population was carried out every 5 days by counting the number of B. tabaci caught in yellow sticky traps. The results showed that the population of B. tabaci in the chili plots intercropped with corn was lower than that in the control plot, especially at the age of 6 weeks after planting (WAP). However, the intercropping of chilies and corn had no significant effect on the incidence of yellow disease in chilies.
Pengaruh Nitrous Oxide Pada Induksi Sevofluran 8% Dengan Tehnik Single Breath Terhadap Kecepatan Induksi Anestesi Anindita, Tinon; Witjaksono, Witjaksono; Primatika, Aria Dian
JAI (Jurnal Anestesiologi Indonesia) Vol 3, No 1 (2011): JAI (Jurnal Anestesiologi Indonesia)
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jai.v3i1.6452

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Penambahan nitrous oxide pada induksi anestesi akan mempercepat waktu induksi, oleh karena adanya second gas effect dan concentration effect.Tujuan: Membandingkan kecepatan induksi anestesi sevofluran 8% dengan atau tanpa nitrous oxide, dengan menggunakan tehnik single breath vital capacity induction. Metode: Tujuh puluh dua pasien tanpa diberikan premedikasi , dibagi dalam 3 kelompok secara random dan diminta untuk menghirup salah satu dari tiga campuran gas dengan tehnik single breath vital capacity : kelompok I diberikan sevofluran 8% + Oksigen, keiompok II diberikan sevofluran 8% + 50% nitrous oxide dan kelompok III diberikan sevofluran 8% + 66 2/3% nitrous oxide. Dicatat waktu saat hilangnya reflek bulu mata dan komplikasi yang terjadi. Tekanan darah (sistolik, diastolik, tekanan arteri rerata), laju jantung dan saturasi oksigen diukur sebelum dan sesudah induksi. Data diuji dengan Student T Test dan ANOVA dengan derajat kemaknaan < 0,05.Hasil: Karakteristik penderita (umur, usia, berat badan dan lain-lain) pada ketiga kelompok berbeda tidak bermakna. Waktu saat hilangnya reflek bulu mata untuk kelompok sevofluran 8% + 50% nitrous oxide (24,96 ±4,14 detik), dan untuk kelompok sevofluran 8% + 66 2/3% nitrous oxide (24,81 ± 3,85 detik) lebih sepat dibandingkan dengan kelompok sevofluran 8% + Oksigen (27,21 ±4,14 detik) , tetapi perbedaan ini tidak bermakna (p=0,098), Perubahan tekanan darah (sistolik, diastolik, tekanan arteri rerata), laju jantung dan saturasi oksigen yang terjadi pada ketiga kelompok berbeda tidak bermakna. Komplikasi induksi anestesi yang terjadi pada kelompok sevofluran 8% dengan nitrous oxide lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan kelompok sevofluran 8% tanpa nitrous oxide , tetapi perbedaan ini tidak bermakna.Kesimpulan: Penambahan Nitrous oxide pada induksi anestesi dengan sevofluran 8% dengan tehnik single-breath, tidak mempercepat waktu induksi anestesi.
Feeding Behavior of Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) on Pigmented Rice Monitored by Electrical Penetration Graph (EPG) Witjaksono, Witjaksono; Aldawood, Abdulrahman Saad; Kristamtini, Kristamtini; Sumarno, Sumarno; Andriyanto, Rofiq; Soffan, Alan
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 28, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.96909

Abstract

Rice is one of the essential daily commodity for most of Asian. However, the brown plant hopper (BPH; Nilaparvata lugens) infestation had been threatening the increasing demand of rice production. Evaluating resistance level of rice cultivars against BPH will help in managing BPH infestation. The feeding behavior monitoring of brown plant hopper (BPH; Nilaparvata lugens) by  using an electrical penetration graph (EPG) was conducted to evaluate the resistance level of several rice cultivars against BPH, including pigmented rice (black rice cv. Sembada hitam; red rice cv. Sembada merah); and the commonly consumed white rice (cv. Ciherang). The EPG instrument allowed the monitoring of BPH feeding behaviors by quantifying three unique waveforms, namely, N3, N4, and N5, which represent BPH feeding activities in areas near phloem tissues, in phloem tissues, and in xylem tissues, respectively. EPG monitoring of BPH feeding activities in black rice revealed the absence of the N3 and N4 waveforms. Red rice showed the N3 waveform but not the N4 waveform. White rice showed all three waveforms occurring with high numbers and long total durations. The absence of the N4 waveform in the two pigmented rice cultivars indicated the failure of BPH to access phloem tissues. Overall, the results revealed that the resistance of rice against BPH based on feeding activity could be ordered as follows: black rice > red rice > white rice. This report provides essential information on the resistance mechanism of pigmented rice cultivars against BPH.
Genetic Diversity and DNA Barcoding Construction of Tropical Soybean Advanced Lines Based on SSR Markers Wibisono, Kunto; Dyah, Rosliana Purwaning; Utari, Ratna; Suparjo, Suparjo; Umar, Umar; Rijzaani, Habib; Hakim, Lukman; Suhendar, Ace; Purwanto, Oky Dwi; Satyawan, Dani; Witjaksono, Witjaksono; Mastur, Mastur; Lestari, Puji; Tasma, I Made
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 30 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18343/jipi.30.2.293

Abstract

Soybean cultivation in tropical regions, such as Indonesia, is often constrained by photoperiod sensitivity, resulting in low yield. Using long juvenile traits in short photoperiod tropical areas resulted in lines with late flowering time and high yield. Genetic diversity analysis of soybean lines using molecular markers is a critical step for breeding high-yielding soybean lines. This study aimed to analyze genetic diversity and construct DNA barcodes for 44 tropical soybean superior lines based on 17 SSR markers. Genetic materials used were the high-yielding F5 soybean lines developed for their adaptation to short day-length of low latitude tropical regions. SSR markers used were those that distributed well across the soybean genome and proven their usefulness for soybean genetic diversity analyses. Results showed that the SSR demonstrated distinctive polymorphism among the 44 lines. A total of 377 alleles were detected with an average of 22.8 alleles per SSR locus. Polymorphism information content (PIC) values varied from 0.77 to 0.96 with an average of 0.90. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the 44 soybean genotypes were divided into 2 main clusters. Five markers, i.e., satt009, satt646, satt147, satt431, and satt191, with a polymorphism information content value of ≥0.94, were found to be informative and suitable for DNA barcode construction. Each of the 44 lines was assigned with specific barcodes. The barcodes constructed from this study should be useful for DNA fingerprinting as well as protection purposes of the specific superior soybean lines analyzed in this study. Keywords: DNA fingerprint, molecular markers, photoperiod, plant breeding, soybean
Population dynamic and pheromone use for early monitoring of Spodoptera exigua Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Indonesia Witjaksono, Witjaksono; Trisyono, Y. Andi; Tanjung, Heru Rezki; Azzahra, Zulfa
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 24 No. 1 (2024): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLANT PE
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.12491-97

Abstract

Beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) poses a challenge for shallot production because it can exist in fields throughout the year. This study aims to observe the dynamic population during shallot off and on-seasons. Additionally, this study aims to determine the correlation between S. exigua moth captures and damage intensity. The research was conducted from November to May in Kretek Village, Parangtritis District, Bantul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia. Population dynamic observations of S. exigua during the off-season and on-season were conducted in a 100 x 100 m plot with ten pheromone traps installed. The early monitoring study consisted of two treatments: installed pheromone and control (without the installation of pheromones). The plots were separated by approximately 500 m and were approximately 3500 m2 in size. The results showed that S. exigua exists and can survive during shallot off-season and on-season planting periods. The number of male S. exigua moths captured during the on-season was higher compared to the off-season. The fluctuation of rainfall and the number of S. exigua during the off and on-seasons were also observed, showing that rainfall significantly affected the number of S. exigua moths captured. However, the relationship between rainfall and S. exigua population needs further study. Strong positive correlations between population and damage intensity in pheromone-treated fields between three to seven days after observation (DAO) demonstrated that pheromone traps can be used as a monitoring tool for S. exigua. The close correlation between the S. exigua captured and the intensity of the damage that will occur can be prevented by controlling them by farmers.
Pola sebaran kelompok telur Ostrinia furnacalis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) pada lahan jagung da-Lopez, Yosefus F.; Trisyono, Y. Andi; Witjaksono, Witjaksono; Subiadi, Subiadi
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 2 (2014): September
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1142.827 KB) | DOI: 10.5994/jei.11.2.81

Abstract

Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis Guenée, is known as an important pest of maize, Zea mays L., in both whorl and reproductive stages. Management decisions based on egg-mass density is useful because decision is made before damage occurs. Observation on O. furnacalis egg-mass distribution in maize-field was carried out in Agricultural Training, Research, and Development Station (ATRD) UGM, Yogyakarta. The number of egg-masses laid on each plant surface in maize-field was sampled in reproductive stage of corn at 52 – 58 days after planting. The spatial dispersion was analyzed using the ratio variance-to-mean (σ2/μ = Iδ), Morista's Index (Iγ), and the negative binomial parameter (κ-value). The results showed that horizontal and vertical distributions were aggregated distributions (σ2 > μ or σ2/μ > 1). In line with the increasing age of plant, the degree of clustering or aggregation likely tended to decline (the κ-value increased, Morisita index decreased) indicating the possible departure from aggregation to randomness (Poison distribution) due to the heterogeneity of the environment, such as microclimate, preferred parts of the plants, and occurrence of natural enemies. The results concluded that the horizontal and vertical distributions of egg-masses of O. furnacalis on corn in generative phase were clustered with the degree of clustering tended to decrease by the increase of age of corn. These findings provide the bases for further study on the ecology and biology of O. furnacalis for management decision-making process.
The effect of maize plants as a repellent for Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) on chili plants: Pengaruh tanaman jagung sebagai penolak Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) pada tanaman cabai Witjaksono, Witjaksono; Soffan, Alan; Akbar, Muhammad Aulia
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 21 No 1 (2024): March
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.21.1.16

Abstract

Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is crital pest of chili plants. Besides using chemical insecticides to control B. tabaci, the actions that can be taken for B. tabaci management include applying repellent compounds. This research aims to study the potential of various commercial corn varieties in producing repellent compounds for B. tabaci. The method used in this research involved testing the response of B. tabaci using a Y tube olfactometer and GCMS analysis on varieties P-21, Bisi-18, NK-212, and Pertiwi 3 on a laboratory scale. Volatile compounds were collected from corn plants aged 3–10 weeks after planting (WAP). The results showed that Bisi-18, P-21, NK-212, and Pertiwi 3 maize exhibited repellency against B. tabaci. The highest repellency for all corn varieties was observed at 10 WAP. The P-21 variety exhibited 80% repellency, followed by Pertiwi 3 and Bisi-18 with 78% repellency, while NK-212 showed the weakest repellencyat 60%. Results from volatile compounds identification of each maize varieties demonstrated revealed several compounds with repellent properties against B. tabaci, including 9-otadecenoic acid (Z)-, 9-octadecenamide, (Z)-, delta-guaiene, alpha-guaiene, beta caryophyllene, and patchouli alcohol. Using maize plants to manage B. tabaci has the potential to be an environmentally friendly management technique. Further research is needed on B. tabaci management technique to achieve a more effective and efficient combination.
Agrobacterium-mediated Transformation of Banana Musa acuminata AA cv "“Mas Lampung” with hpt Gene Using Sterile Corm as Target Tissue Estiati, Amy; Nena, Ade; Witjaksono, Witjaksono
Annales Bogorienses Vol. 13 No. 1 (2009): Annales Bogorienses
Publisher : BRIN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The protocol for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of local banana plants cv “Mas Lampung” (AA) has been established. A selectable marker gene (hpt) has been used to study the transformation using in vitro corm slices as target tissues. Banana in vitro corm slices were co-cultivated with the EHA105 strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens harbouring binary vector pCAMBIA 1301 containing hygromycin resistance gene (hpt) as a selectable marker and intron-containing β-Glucuronidase (gus-intron) gene as a reporter gene driven by CaMV 35S promoter. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) were used to examine the existence of hpt gene in plants resulted from the transformation. Using primer pairs specific for hpt gene, our PCR analysis on leaves showed the presence of the hpt transgene in banana transgenic plants at first generation (T0) of transformation. To prove the existence of hpt gene in the fruits of transgenic banana plants, PCR analysis were also carried out. The data showed that the hpt gene could be amplified from banana fruits of tested samples. These result demonstrates that the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method used in this experiment has been successful to transfer gene into banana plants. Thus, the transformation method reported here could be used as a standard protocol to transfer another useful genes into local banana plants cv. “Mas Lampung”. Furthermore, the presence of transgene in fruits of banana transgenic plants is important achievement especially for transgene that is expected to be expressed in the fruit including to introduce vaccine genes into banana fruits for edible vaccine.
Tissue Culture Propagation of “Hausa potato” (Solenostemon rotundifolius (Poir) JK Morton) Witjaksono, Witjaksono; Leksonowati, Aryani
Annales Bogorienses Vol. 16 No. 1 (2012): Annales Bogorienses
Publisher : BRIN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

We have developed an effective plant propagation method of „hausa potato‟ through shoot proliferation in vitro, acclimatization in the greenhouse and transplantation of the plantlet on the individual media container for planting material production. The shoot cultures were initiated from shoots that grew from tuber collected from the field, disinfested using standard method and transferred to MS medium with 1 mg/l of BA for shoot proliferation. The proliferating shoots were then subcultured to MS medium with no growth regulators to induce rooting and enlarge the shoot. The plantlets were acclimatized in a plastic box containing medium of a mixture of cocopeat, sands, rice husk charcoal and top soil covered with plastic film to maintain humidity. The plantlets survived at 85% and almost 100% grew into planting materials ready for transplanting in the soil. The planting materials survived in the field and produced tuber normally. 
Oviposition of Spodoptera exigua on Shallot in Monoculture and Polyculture System with Groundnuts and Cowpeas Widotami, Diarsi Atiki; Witjaksono, Witjaksono; Putra, Nugroho Susetya
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 29, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.103854

Abstract

Spodoptera exigua is the main pest of shallot (Allium cepa) that cause significant damage on leaves and reduce yield. Polyculture is a potential management strategy against S. exigua by deterring their oviposition behavior. This study aims to evaluate S. exigua oviposition preference on shallots grown in monoculture or polyculture system. In the no-choice assay, shallots, groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea), and cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata) were planted alone while shallots were planted with either groundnuts or cowpeas plant in the choice assays. Observed parameters were the number of eggs laid by female S. exigua on shallot plants on each day and the total after the oviposition periods. Results showed that the number of eggs laid on shallots were significantly lower in polyculture systems (161.67 ± 96.02) compared to ones planted in monoculture systems(309.67 ± 39.70). This implies that polyculture systems between shallots with groundnuts or cowpeas can potentially reduce S. exigua oviposition on shallots.
Co-Authors Akbar, Muhammad Aulia Aldawood, Abdulrahman Saad Andriyanto, Rofiq Aria Dian Primatika Arman Wijonarko Ayuningtias, Nandini Azzahra, Zulfa Dani Satyawan Danu Danu, Danu Diah Ratnadewi Diyah Martanti, Diyah Djadja Siti Hazar Hoesen Dyah, Rosliana Purwaning Edhi Martono Estiati, Amy Estiati, Amy F. X. Wagiman, F. X. FAJARUDIN AHMAD HABIB RIJZAANI Handayani, T Harahap, Nafsiyah Agustina I Made Tasma Izzati, Dian Nurul Kiki Yolanda, Kiki Kristamtini Kristamtini, Kristamtini KUNTO WIBISONO Laksono Trisnantoro Leksonowati, Aryani Leksonowati, Aryani Leksonowati, Aryani Leksonowati, Aryani Lukman Hakim Mastur Mastur Nena, Ade Nena, Ade Ning Wikan Utami Nugraheni, K. Utami Nugraheni, K. Utami Nugroho Susetya Putra Permada, Johan PUJI LESTARI Purwanto, Oky Dwi Rahmi, Putri Ridwan, Ridwan Soffan, Alan Subiadi Subiadi Suhendar, Ace Sukamto, LA Sumarno . Suparjo Tanjung, Heru Rezki Tinon Anindita Tri Handayani Tri Harjaka, Tri Umar Umar Utari, Ratna Widotami, Diarsi Atiki Y. Andi Trisyono Yosefus F. da-Lopez Yuyu S. Poerba, Yuyu S. Yuyu Suryasari Poerba