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Seleksi jagung hibrida UNPAD berdasarkan komponen hasil dan parameter tumpangsari pada sistem tanam tumpang sari jagung-ubi jalar Supriatna, Jajang; Syihab, Fakhri Nasharul; Sativa, Novriza; Yuwariah, Yuyun; Ruswandi, Dedi
Jurnal AGRO Vol 9, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Jurusan Agroteknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/14955

Tumpangsari merupakan pemanfaatan lahan dengan cara menanam dua jenis tanaman atau lebih. Hal yang perlu diperhatikan dalam sistem tanaman tumpangsari adalah penentuan jenis serta kultivar tanaman yang digunakan. Sebagian besar kultivar jagung yang beredar di masyarakat dikembangkan untuk pertanaman tunggal sehingga diperlukan kegiatan seleksi untuk mendapatkan kultivar jagung yang sesuai untuk sistem tanam tumpangsari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyeleksi 22 jagung hibrida berdasarkan komponen hasil dan parameter tumpangsari. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Margamulya, Kecamatan Cikajang, Garut, Jawa Barat dengan.ketinggian 1346 meter diatas permukaan laut. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktor Tunggal dengan dua metode yaitu metode eksperimental dan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 20 hibrida terseleksi berdasarkan karakter diameter tongkol, 18 hibrida berdasarkan karakter panjang tongkol, 19 hibrida berdasarkan karakter jumlah baris biji per tongkol, dan 13 hibrida berdasarkan karakter jumlah biji per tongkol. Berdasarkan parameter tumpangsari terseleksi 3 hibrida dengan kritera menguntungkan dalam kondisi sistem tanam tumpangsari dengan ubi jalar berdasarkan Land Equivalent Ratio (LER), 13 hibrida menunjukkan lebih kompetitif dibandingkan dengan ubi jalar berdasarkan Competitive Ratio (CR), dan semua hibrida mengalami kehilangan hasil berdasarkan Actual Yield Loss (AYL). Hibrida DR7 x DR8, DR 14 X DR 18 dan MDR 3.1.4 X MDR 18.5.1 merupakan hibrida terseleksi berdasarkan komponen hasil dan parameter tumpangsari.ABSTRACTIntercropping is cultivating two or more types of plants at the same field. Selecting type and cultivar of the plants need to be considered in the intercropping system. Commonly, the available corn cultivars in the market are developed for single cropping. Therefore plant selection is necessary to obtain corn cultivars suitable for intercropping systems. The research was conducted in Desa Margamulya, Cikajang District, Garut, West Java at 1346 meters above sea level. This study used a randomized block design (RBD) design with two methods; the experimental method and the quantitative descriptive method. The results showed 20 hybrids were selected on the character of cob diameter, 18 combinations surface of the cob length, 19 hybrids on the number of cob seed rows, 13 hybrids on the number of cob kernels. According to the parameters of intercropping combinations, 3 hybrids were selected with superior characters in intercropping condition with sweet potatoes based on Land Equivalent Ratio (LER), 13 hybrids showed the more competitive characters compared to sweet potatoes based on Competitive Ratio (CR) and all hybrids showed yield loss based on Actual Yield Loss (AYL). Hybrids DR7 x DR8, DR 14 X DR 18 and MDR 3.1.4 X MDR 18.5.1 are selected hybrids based on yield components and intercropping parameters.

Evaluation of Padjadjaran Maize Hybrids in intercropping system with soybeans under albasia shade Yuwariah, Yuyun; Soendajana, Audi Razaqa; Wicaksono, Fiky Yulianto; Ruswandi, Dedi
Kultivasi Vol 23, No 2 (2024): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v23i2.39975

Intercropping between maize and soybean has been known to be widely practiced by subsistence farmers. Some farmers do intercropping in production forests and there are no scientific data about it. The aims of the study were to evaluate the growth and yield of Padjadjaran maize hybrids and to estimate Land Equivalent Ratio, Competitive Ratio, and Stress Tolerance Index under intercropping of maize and soybeans under the shade of Albasia. The experiment was carried out from January to June 2021 in Tanjungsari, Sumedang Regency with an altitude of 818 m above sea level. The experiment used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) which consisted of 21 treatments of Padjadjaran maize hybrids intercropped with soybeans and with three replications. For control, soybean and maize has planted by using monocropping simultaneously. The experimental results showed that hybrids of MDR 3.1.2 x MDR 153.14.1, BR 154 x MDR 153.3.2, and DR 4 x MDR 7.2.3 gave the best growth and yield components under intercropping system with soybeans. However, the other Padjadjaran hybrids gave better Land Equivalent Ratio, Competitive Ratio, and Stress Tolerance Index.

Estimasi Daya Gabung Galur Jagung Manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) Pada Karakter Kegenjahan Dan Hasil Dengan Menggunakan Genotipe+Genotipe x Environment (GGE) Biplot Syihab, Fakhri Nasharul; Karuniawan, Agung; Ismail, Ade; Yuwariah, Yuyun; Ruswandi, Dedi
Jurnal AGRO Vol 11, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Jurusan Agroteknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/37280

Sweet corn is an important commodity in Indonesia, but its productivity is low due to the use of seeds that have undergone genetic degradation. This research aims to estimate general combining ability (GCA) and spesific combining Ability (SCA) on maturity characteristics and sweet corn yield. The research was conducted in Cikajang Village, Garut Regency, from April to July 2023, using a randomized block design with 40 treatments repeated three times. Analysis was carried out using the Genotype + Genotype x Environment (GGE) Biplot method. The variance results showed a significant effect of line, tester, and line x tester interactions on male flowering age, female flowering age, harvest age, and yield. From the GGE Biplot analysis, the "mean vs stability" pattern identified GCA, with 9 lines having good GCA at male flowering age, 14 at female flowering age, 7 at harvest age, and 10 at yield. The "Which Won Where/What" pattern identified SCA, where the 3 best line x tester combinations were found at male flowering age, 2 at female flowering age, 3 at harvest age, and 4 at yield. The use of GGE Biplot makes it easier to estimate combining ability, so that lines with good GCA are recommended as parents, and hybrids with the best SCA are recommended as superior cultivars that produce earliness and high yields. ABSTRAK Jagung manis merupakan salah satu komoditas penting di Indonesia, namun produktivitasnya rendah karena penggunaan benih yang mengalami degradasi genetik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengestimasi daya gabung umum (DGU) dan daya gabung khusus (DGK) pada karakter kegenjahan dan hasil jagung manis. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Cikajang, Kabupaten Garut, dari April hingga Juli 2023, menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 40 perlakuan yang diulang tiga kali. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan metode Genotipe + Genotipe x Lingkungan (GGE) Biplot. Hasil varians menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan dari line, tester, serta interaksi line x tester terhadap umur berbunga jantan, umur berbunga betina, umur panen, dan hasil. Dari analisis GGE Biplot, pola "mean vs stability" mengidentifikasi DGU, dengan 9 galur memiliki DGU baik pada umur berbunga jantan, 14 pada umur berbunga betina, 7 pada umur panen, dan 10 pada hasil. Pola "Which Won Where/What" mengidentifikasi DGK, di mana 3 kombinasi line x tester terbaik ditemukan pada umur berbunga jantan, 2 pada umur berbunga betina, 3 pada umur panen, dan 4 pada hasil. Penggunaan GGE Biplot mempermudah estimasi daya gabung, sehingga galur dengan DGU baik direkomendasikan sebagai tetua, dan hibrida dengan DGK terbaik direkomendasikan sebagai kultivar unggul yang menghasilkan umur genjah dan hasil tinggi.

EVALUASI DAYA GABUNG KARAKTER VEGETATIF GALUR JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) BERDASARKAN GENOTIPE+GENOTIPE x ENVIRONMENT (GGE) BIPLOT Syihab, Fakhri Nasharul; Ismail, Ade; Yuwariah, Yuyun; Ruswandi, Dedi
Jurnal Agroteknologi Vol 15, No 2 (2025): Februari 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24014/ja.v15i2.31553

Jagung manis merupakan komoditas penting untuk mendukung pertanian di Indonesia. Produktivitas yang rendah menjadi permasalahan yang dialami dalam usahatani jagung manis dalam negeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menduga daya gabung umum (GCA) dan daya gabung spesifik (DKT) jagung manis berdasarkan biplot GGE. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Cikajang, Kecamatan Cikajang, Kabupaten Garut. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan April 2023 sampai dengan Juli 2023. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 40 perlakuan yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh nyata antara galur, penguji, dan galur x penguji terhadap karakteristik tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan diameter batang. Berdasarkan analisis GGE Biplot, pola biplot GGE “mean vs stability” mengidentifikasi daya gabung umum (GCA). Terdapat 7 galur yang memiliki GCA baik ditinjau dari tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun. Pola biplot GGE “Yang Menang Di Mana/Apa” mengidentifikasi kemampuan menggabungkan khusus (SCA). Ada 2 kombinasi persilangan galur x penguji yang memiliki SCA terbaik untuk tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan diameter batang. Kata Kunci : Daya Gabung, GGE Biplot, Jagung Manis, Vegetatif

PENGUJIAN INOKULAN KONSORSIUM DEKOMPOSER BERAGEN HAYATI DALAM LAJU DEKOMPOSISI JERAMI SELAMA MASA INKUBASI YANG DILAKUKAN DI RUMAH KACA Turmuktini, Tien; Simarmata, Tualar; Natalie, Betty; Hersanti, Hersanti; Yuwariah, Yuyun
CEFARS : JURNAL AGRIBISNIS DAN PENGEMBANGAN WILAYAH Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): CEFARS : JURNAL AGRIBISNIS DAN PENGEMBANGAN WILAYAH
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Islam 45 (UNISMA) Bekasi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

The use of fresh straw directly on agricultural land turns out have a negarif impact, among others, is the danger of grems contamination on the straw from theprevious crop and environmental pollution due to the formation of methane resulted from anaerobic decomposition of flooded rice field. The recommended solution is composting straw earlier. The main obstacle of this straw composting include necessary labor (preparation of materials, transportation, maintenance) and the cost is relatively high. An alternative solution is to do straw inoculation with bio agent consortium decomposers before tillage (direct composting). Inoculation consortium decomposer is added to the straw need to be tested its effect on decomposition rate, especially incubation time and incorporation also the type of consortium. The aim of this research is to determine the bio agent inoculant consortium decomposer incubation time to accelerate straw decomposition and nutrient availability. The experiments was conducted in the greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture University of Padjadjaran in April to May 2010, using a randomized block design in factorial pattern repeated three times, as factor I: Incubation time (1, 2, 3 and 4 MST) and factor II: inoculant: no inoculants; formula A = inoculant decomposers (Bacillus sp, Cytophaga sp, Streptomyces sp) and formula B = inoculant decomposers (Bacillus sp, Cytophaga sp, T. harzianum). The results of this experiment showed that administration of a consortium of formula A and B can accelerate the decomposition of straw (temperature increases and pH decreases), and with increasing incubation time can increase the value of C-organic, N-total, decrease C/N compared to controls.

PENGUJIAN INOKULAN KONSORSIUM DEKOMPOSER BERAGEN HAYATI DALAM LAJU DEKOMPOSISI JERAMI SELAMA MASA INKUBASI YANG DILAKUKAN DI RUMAH KACA Turmuktini, Tien; Simarmata, Tualar; Natalie, Betty; Hersanti, Hersanti; Yuwariah, Yuyun
CEFARS : JURNAL AGRIBISNIS DAN PENGEMBANGAN WILAYAH Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): CEFARS : JURNAL AGRIBISNIS DAN PENGEMBANGAN WILAYAH
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Islam 45 (UNISMA) Bekasi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

The use of fresh straw directly on agricultural land turns out have a negarif impact, among others, is the danger of grems contamination on the straw from theprevious crop and environmental pollution due to the formation of methane resulted from anaerobic decomposition of flooded rice field. The recommended solution is composting straw earlier. The main obstacle of this straw composting include necessary labor (preparation of materials, transportation, maintenance) and the cost is relatively high. An alternative solution is to do straw inoculation with bio agent consortium decomposers before tillage (direct composting). Inoculation consortium decomposer is added to the straw need to be tested its effect on decomposition rate, especially incubation time and incorporation also the type of consortium. The aim of this research is to determine the bio agent inoculant consortium decomposer incubation time to accelerate straw decomposition and nutrient availability. The experiments was conducted in the greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture University of Padjadjaran in April to May 2010, using a randomized block design in factorial pattern repeated three times, as factor I: Incubation time (1, 2, 3 and 4 MST) and factor II: inoculant: no inoculants; formula A = inoculant decomposers (Bacillus sp, Cytophaga sp, Streptomyces sp) and formula B = inoculant decomposers (Bacillus sp, Cytophaga sp, T. harzianum). The results of this experiment showed that administration of a consortium of formula A and B can accelerate the decomposition of straw (temperature increases and pH decreases), and with increasing incubation time can increase the value of C-organic, N-total, decrease C/N compared to controls.

Agronomic performance and stability of Padjadjaran hybrid maize in different agroecosystems Fadhillah, Farhan; Wicaksono, Fiky Yulianto; Yuwariah, Yuyun; Ruswandi, Dedi
Kultivasi Vol 24, No 1 (2025): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v24i1.62060

The development of high-yielding hybrid maize is a strategic step to address global food demand amidst climate change. This study evaluates the agronomic performance of 14 maize genotypes—10 newly developed F1 hybrids and 4 commercial checks—under two planting densities (95,000 and 55,000 plants/ha) across three agroecosystems (lowland, midland, and highland). The objectives were to identify superior and adaptive genotypes and analyze genotype × environment interactions using AMMI and GGE biplot methods. Genotype G12 exhibited the highest yield (338.4 g/plant) at high density, especially in the highland, but showed poor stability. In contrast, G5 demonstrated consistent performance and stability across environments. This study highlights G5’s potential for broad adaptation and provides insights for breeding programs targeting maize productivity in diverse agroecosystems.

Effect of potassium fertilizer on the nutrition and physical quality of Job’s tears (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) seeds Haysa, Qinthara Nail; Yuwariah, Yuyun; Wicaksono, Fiky Yulianto
Kultivasi Vol 24, No 2 (2025): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v24i2.63213

Job's tears is a cereal crop that has beneficial nutrients. Potassium is known to affect the growth and yield of cereal crops, but there has been limited study on whether potassium affects the nutrition and physical quality of Job’s tears seeds. This study aimed to analyze the effect of K fertilizer on the nutritional content and physical quality of Job's tears seeds. This research was conducted from January to May 2024 at Ciparanje Experimental Field, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia. This experiment used the Randomized Block Design (RBD) method with six treatments and four replications. Various doses of K fertilizer (KCl) were tested, i.e., 0, 62.5, 125, 250, 375, and 500 kg/ha KCl. The measured nutritional content was the extraction rates of carbohydrate, protein, lipid, calcium, and potassium, while the physical quality was represented by the weight of husked grain, size of seeds, and seed hardness. Results showed that potassium increased the extraction rates of carbohydrate, protein, lipid, calcium, and potassium. Potassium also increased the weight of husked grain and size of seeds. A dosage of 500 kg/ha KCl resulted in the best nutrition, weight of husked grain, and size of seeds.

Seleksi jagung hibrida UNPAD berdasarkan komponen hasil dan parameter tumpangsari pada sistem tanam tumpang sari jagung-ubi jalar Supriatna, Jajang; Syihab, Fakhri Nasharul; Sativa, Novriza; Yuwariah, Yuyun; Ruswandi, Dedi
Jurnal AGRO Vol. 9 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Jurusan Agroteknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/14955

Tumpangsari merupakan pemanfaatan lahan dengan cara menanam dua jenis tanaman atau lebih. Hal yang perlu diperhatikan dalam sistem tanaman tumpangsari adalah penentuan jenis serta kultivar tanaman yang digunakan. Sebagian besar kultivar jagung yang beredar di masyarakat dikembangkan untuk pertanaman tunggal sehingga diperlukan kegiatan seleksi untuk mendapatkan kultivar jagung yang sesuai untuk sistem tanam tumpangsari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyeleksi 22 jagung hibrida berdasarkan komponen hasil dan parameter tumpangsari. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Margamulya, Kecamatan Cikajang, Garut, Jawa Barat dengan.ketinggian 1346 meter diatas permukaan laut. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktor Tunggal dengan dua metode yaitu metode eksperimental dan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 20 hibrida terseleksi berdasarkan karakter diameter tongkol, 18 hibrida berdasarkan karakter panjang tongkol, 19 hibrida berdasarkan karakter jumlah baris biji per tongkol, dan 13 hibrida berdasarkan karakter jumlah biji per tongkol. Berdasarkan parameter tumpangsari terseleksi 3 hibrida dengan kritera menguntungkan dalam kondisi sistem tanam tumpangsari dengan ubi jalar berdasarkan Land Equivalent Ratio (LER), 13 hibrida menunjukkan lebih kompetitif dibandingkan dengan ubi jalar berdasarkan Competitive Ratio (CR), dan semua hibrida mengalami kehilangan hasil berdasarkan Actual Yield Loss (AYL). Hibrida DR7 x DR8, DR 14 X DR 18 dan MDR 3.1.4 X MDR 18.5.1 merupakan hibrida terseleksi berdasarkan komponen hasil dan parameter tumpangsari.ABSTRACTIntercropping is cultivating two or more types of plants at the same field. Selecting type and cultivar of the plants need to be considered in the intercropping system. Commonly, the available corn cultivars in the market are developed for single cropping. Therefore plant selection is necessary to obtain corn cultivars suitable for intercropping systems. The research was conducted in Desa Margamulya, Cikajang District, Garut, West Java at 1346 meters above sea level. This study used a randomized block design (RBD) design with two methods; the experimental method and the quantitative descriptive method. The results showed 20 hybrids were selected on the character of cob diameter, 18 combinations surface of the cob length, 19 hybrids on the number of cob seed rows, 13 hybrids on the number of cob kernels. According to the parameters of intercropping combinations, 3 hybrids were selected with superior characters in intercropping condition with sweet potatoes based on Land Equivalent Ratio (LER), 13 hybrids showed the more competitive characters compared to sweet potatoes based on Competitive Ratio (CR) and all hybrids showed yield loss based on Actual Yield Loss (AYL). Hybrids DR7 x DR8, DR 14 X DR 18 and MDR 3.1.4 X MDR 18.5.1 are selected hybrids based on yield components and intercropping parameters.

Estimasi Daya Gabung Galur Jagung Manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) Pada Karakter Kegenjahan Dan Hasil Dengan Menggunakan Genotipe+Genotipe x Environment (GGE) Biplot Syihab, Fakhri Nasharul; Karuniawan, Agung; Ismail, Ade; Yuwariah, Yuyun; Ruswandi, Dedi
Jurnal AGRO Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Jurusan Agroteknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/37280

Sweet corn is an important commodity in Indonesia, but its productivity is low due to the use of seeds that have undergone genetic degradation. This research aims to estimate general combining ability (GCA) and spesific combining Ability (SCA) on maturity characteristics and sweet corn yield. The research was conducted in Cikajang Village, Garut Regency, from April to July 2023, using a randomized block design with 40 treatments repeated three times. Analysis was carried out using the Genotype + Genotype x Environment (GGE) Biplot method. The variance results showed a significant effect of line, tester, and line x tester interactions on male flowering age, female flowering age, harvest age, and yield. From the GGE Biplot analysis, the "mean vs stability" pattern identified GCA, with 9 lines having good GCA at male flowering age, 14 at female flowering age, 7 at harvest age, and 10 at yield. The "Which Won Where/What" pattern identified SCA, where the 3 best line x tester combinations were found at male flowering age, 2 at female flowering age, 3 at harvest age, and 4 at yield. The use of GGE Biplot makes it easier to estimate combining ability, so that lines with good GCA are recommended as parents, and hybrids with the best SCA are recommended as superior cultivars that produce earliness and high yields. ABSTRAK Jagung manis merupakan salah satu komoditas penting di Indonesia, namun produktivitasnya rendah karena penggunaan benih yang mengalami degradasi genetik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengestimasi daya gabung umum (DGU) dan daya gabung khusus (DGK) pada karakter kegenjahan dan hasil jagung manis. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Cikajang, Kabupaten Garut, dari April hingga Juli 2023, menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 40 perlakuan yang diulang tiga kali. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan metode Genotipe + Genotipe x Lingkungan (GGE) Biplot. Hasil varians menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan dari line, tester, serta interaksi line x tester terhadap umur berbunga jantan, umur berbunga betina, umur panen, dan hasil. Dari analisis GGE Biplot, pola "mean vs stability" mengidentifikasi DGU, dengan 9 galur memiliki DGU baik pada umur berbunga jantan, 14 pada umur berbunga betina, 7 pada umur panen, dan 10 pada hasil. Pola "Which Won Where/What" mengidentifikasi DGK, di mana 3 kombinasi line x tester terbaik ditemukan pada umur berbunga jantan, 2 pada umur berbunga betina, 3 pada umur panen, dan 4 pada hasil. Penggunaan GGE Biplot mempermudah estimasi daya gabung, sehingga galur dengan DGU baik direkomendasikan sebagai tetua, dan hibrida dengan DGK terbaik direkomendasikan sebagai kultivar unggul yang menghasilkan umur genjah dan hasil tinggi.

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