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Formulasi Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) yang Memanfaatkan Tanaman Obat: Narrative Review Nur Asita; Muhammad Sulaiman Zubair; Yandi Syukri
Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis Vol 10, No 2 (2023): J Sains Farm Klin 10(2), Agustus 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jsfk.10.2.184-196.2023

Pemanfaatan tanaman obat sebagai terapi pengobatan memiliki hambatan untuk sampai ke target aksi karena rendahnya kelarutan dan bioavaibilitas zat aktif dalam air. Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) merupakan salah satu metode yang dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan kelarutan dan bioavaibilitas zat aktif termasuk ekstrak dari tanaman. Studi literatur ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji formula SNEDDS yang memanfaatkan tanaman obat dengan mengulas informasi yang dikumpulkan dari original article yang relevan. Penelusuran referensi dilakukan pada website seperti Google Scholar, Pub-Med dan ScienceDirect. Beberapa tanaman obat yang diformulasikan menjadi sediaan SNEDDS yaitu sirsak, grapefruits, beetroot, kunyit, propolis, daun salam, sarang semut, daun papaya, buah parijoto, pegagan, temulawak, kelor, ketepeng dan manggis menghasilkan karakteristik yang baik. Sediaan SNEDDS dari tanaman herbal tersebut memiliki nilai transmitan dari rentang 72,74% hingga 100%, waktu emulsifikasi pada sediaan kurang dari 5 menit, zeta potensial -0,2 mV hingga -56 mV. Nilai polydispersity index kurang dari 0,4 dan ukuran partikel yang kurang dari 100 nm. SNEDDS memiliki kemampuan untuk memperbaiki bioavaibilitas dan kelarutan dari senyawa sehingga menghasilkan aktivitas farmakologis yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan pemberian ekstrak, fraksi maupun senyawa aktif yang tanpa menggunakan sistem penghantaran. Kemampuan SNEDDS dalam meningkatkan bioavaibilitas serta kelarutan senyawa dalam air yang menyebabkan aktivitas farmakologis menjadi semakin tinggi. Formulasi SNEDDS dapat meningkatkan aktivitas senyawa pada tanaman obat hal ini ditandai dengan peningkatan bioavaibilitas obat sehingga SNEDDS dapat menjadi alternatif untuk meningkatkan efisiensi penyembuhan suatu penyakit

Formulasi Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) yang Memanfaatkan Tanaman Obat: Narrative Review Nur Asita; Muhammad Sulaiman Zubair; Yandi Syukri
JSFK (Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis) Vol 10 No 2 (2023): J Sains Farm Klin 10(2), Agustus 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jsfk.10.2.184-196.2023

Pemanfaatan tanaman obat sebagai terapi pengobatan memiliki hambatan untuk sampai ke target aksi karena rendahnya kelarutan dan bioavaibilitas zat aktif dalam air. Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) merupakan salah satu metode yang dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan kelarutan dan bioavaibilitas zat aktif termasuk ekstrak dari tanaman. Studi literatur ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji formula SNEDDS yang memanfaatkan tanaman obat dengan mengulas informasi yang dikumpulkan dari original article yang relevan. Penelusuran referensi dilakukan pada website seperti Google Scholar, Pub-Med dan ScienceDirect. Beberapa tanaman obat yang diformulasikan menjadi sediaan SNEDDS yaitu sirsak, grapefruits, beetroot, kunyit, propolis, daun salam, sarang semut, daun papaya, buah parijoto, pegagan, temulawak, kelor, ketepeng dan manggis menghasilkan karakteristik yang baik. Sediaan SNEDDS dari tanaman herbal tersebut memiliki nilai transmitan dari rentang 72,74% hingga 100%, waktu emulsifikasi pada sediaan kurang dari 5 menit, zeta potensial -0,2 mV hingga -56 mV. Nilai polydispersity index kurang dari 0,4 dan ukuran partikel yang kurang dari 100 nm. SNEDDS memiliki kemampuan untuk memperbaiki bioavaibilitas dan kelarutan dari senyawa sehingga menghasilkan aktivitas farmakologis yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan pemberian ekstrak, fraksi maupun senyawa aktif yang tanpa menggunakan sistem penghantaran. Kemampuan SNEDDS dalam meningkatkan bioavaibilitas serta kelarutan senyawa dalam air yang menyebabkan aktivitas farmakologis menjadi semakin tinggi. Formulasi SNEDDS dapat meningkatkan aktivitas senyawa pada tanaman obat hal ini ditandai dengan peningkatan bioavaibilitas obat sehingga SNEDDS dapat menjadi alternatif untuk meningkatkan efisiensi penyembuhan suatu penyakit

Pharmacological Activity of Plant Extracts in Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System Dosage Form: Narrative Review Ivan Julio; Muhammad Sulaiman Zubair; Yandi Syukri
JSFK (Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis) Vol 11 No 1 (2024): J Sains Farm Klin 11(1), April 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jsfk.11.1.7-16.2024

The utilization of medicinal plants as therapeutic agents has obstacles to achieving the target action due to their low solubility. Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) is a method developed to increase the solubility of poorly water-soluble substances, such as medicinal plant extracts. This review aims to present a narrative overview of the potential utilization of SNEDDS in enhancing the pharmacological activity of plant extracts. Article searches were conducted on several websites, such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. Literature studies showed that the use of SNEDDS formulations in several medicinal plants such as dayak onion, soursop leaf, papaya leaf, bay leaf, kale, sidaguri, black cumin, mangosteen peel, harendong, pineapple peel, and cocoa is more effective than the administration of extracts alone because it can increase the solubility and bioavailability of a compound. Pharmacologically, SNEDDS shows its success in enhancing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antidiabetic, antihyperglycemic, antimalarial, immunostimulant, antimicrobial, anticancer, wound healing, and hepatoprotective activities in various plant extracts. The utilization of SNEDDS formulations in plant-based drugs has a positive impact on the advancement of drug therapy, especially for compounds that have low solubility.

Narrative Review: Potential of Flavonoids from Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) Leaves as Immunomodulators: Tinjauan Naratif: Potensi Flavonoid dari Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lamk.) sebagai Imunomodulator Poluan, Jesica Carine; Zubair, Muhammad Sulaiman; Ramadani, Arba Pramundita; Hayati, Farida
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 9 No. 2 (2023): (October 2023)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2023.v9.i2.16265

Background: Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera Lamk.) are plants from the Moringaceae family that have many properties and are often used empirically as traditional medicine. One of the benefits of M. oleifera leaves is immunomodulator, which functions to modulate the human immune system in both immunostimulants and immunosuppressants. Objectives: To provide information on the potential of flavonoids in M. oleifera leaves as immunomudulators developed as alternative therapies. Methods: Review of articles using original articles from national and international journals with the keywords "immunomodulator," "immunostimulant," "immunosuppressant," "Flavonoids," and "Moringa oleifera leaf or leaves". Results: Based on a search of various literature studies, M. oleifera leaf extract is proven as an immunomodulator with the most compounds found, namely flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol. This content can affect the immune response to trigger or inhibit the proliferation and activation of immune cells in the process of increasing or decreasing the immune system in the body. Conclusions: Moringa leaves have activity as immunomodulators that can help maintain the immune system in the body.

Mikroenkapsulasi Antosianin Kulit Buah Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Dengan Metode Koaservasi Kompleks: Microencapsulation of Anthocyanine of Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Bark with Complex Coaservation Lubis, Siska Syahfitri; Sulastri, Evi; Zubair, Muhammad Sulaiman
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2018): (October 2018)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Anthocyanin is a class of antioxidants that are widely found in the skin of cocoa fruit (Theobroma cacao L.). Anthocyanin degradation occurs not only during the extraction process from plant tissues but also during the storage process. The microencapsulation process can protect the active substance from environmental influences or improve the stability of the preparation. This study aims to characterize anthocyanin microcapsules from cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) fruit peel using a complex coacervation method, therefore, it can provide economic value added from this plant. Anthocyanin microencapsulation was formulated using a coating of gelatin: arabic gom with different concentrations of 1:1, 3:2, and 2:1. Microcapsule characterization was organoleptic and morphological test, particle size distribution, moisture content test, absorption efficiency, recovery test, antioxidant activity of the preparation, and FTIR analysis. The results showed that extract yield was 39.82%, optimum microcapsule characterization was obtained from 1: 1 concentration with 36.65% recovery test, 80.40% absorption efficiency, and antioxidant activity with IC50 of 20.52 ppm.

Penambatan Molekuler dan Simulasi Dinamika Molekuler Senyawa Dari Genus Nigella Terhadap Penghambatan Aktivitas Enzim Protease HIV-1: Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Compounds from Nigella Genus on Protease HIV-1 Enzyme Inhibitors Zubair, Muhammad Sulaiman; Maulana, Saipul; Mukaddas, Alwiyah
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2020): (March 2020)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Nigella plant genus has potential as anti-HIV. One species of Nigella, Nigella sativa has been reported to have HIV-1 protease enzyme inhibitory activity. This research aims to determine the compounds of the Nigella genus that have activity as HIV-1 protease enzyme inhibitory activity through molecular docking method by Autodock Vina and to compare interaction stability through molecular dynamics simulations by AMBER. The metabolite of the Nigella genus was obtained from the KnapSack website, and enzyme model was obtained from the Protein Data Bank (3NU3). The results of molecular docking found the lowest affinity energy of Nigella compound is Nigellidine 4-O-sulfite (-13.4 kcal/mol). Meanwhile, the affinity energy of the ligand native (Amprenavir) was -12.1 kcal/mol. The lowest affinity energy of Nigellidine 4-O-sulfite might be predicted to have potency as an HIV-1 Protease inhibitor. Molecular dynamics simulation showed Root Mean Square Fluctuation (RMSF) value of Nigellidine 4-O-sulfite with the amino acid active site is 0.4064 Ã… for ASP:25 and 0.5667 Ã… for ASP: 125. Whereas RMSF ligand native with the amino acid active site, ASP: 25 is 0.3647 Ã… and ASP: 125 is 0.3639 Ã…. The higher RMSF value of Nigellidine 4-O-sulfite describes the lower interaction stability than the ligand native.

Docking Study of Naphthalene Compounds from Eleutherine Bulbosa as Antidiabetic Agents on Multiple Receptors Anam, Syariful; Yuyun, Yonelian; Yusriadi, Yusriadi; Sultan, Asriana; Pakaya, David; Maulana, Saipul; Zubair, Muhammad Sulaiman
Molekul Vol 20 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2025.20.1.10942

ABSTRACT. Diabetes Mellitus is a severe disease to the world health community; it is estimated that 700 million people worldwide will suffer from it. The approach taken to this disease includes improving lifestyle and pharmacological therapy. Recent pharmacological therapeutic approaches include inhibiting the α-glucosidase enzyme, the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) enzyme, and the sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) protein. This research aims to conduct a docking study on three naphthalene compounds from Eleutherine bulbosa against three receptors: α-glucosidase, the DPP-4, and the SGLT-2 protein. The methods used are protein structure preparation, docking protocol validation, preparation of E. bulbosa test ligand structures, and molecule docking for test compounds. Validation was carried out by calculating the Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) values using PyMOL software; the results showed that the RMSD value of native ligands was <2Å. Molecular docking of the test compounds was conducted using Autodock Vina 1.2.3 ver 2020. Eleutherinoside A showed the highest binding against the α-glucosidase and DPP-4 protein. Eleuthoside B has the most increased binding to SGLT-2 protein. The research concluded that three naphthalene compounds from E. bulbosa can be used as an antidiabetic agent. Keywords: Antidiabetic; Docking study; Eleutherine bulbosa; Naphthalene; α-glucosidase; DPP-4; SGLT-2

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