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MENGATASI RINTANGAN STRUKTURAL: AKAR KONSEPTUAL DAN PRAKTIK EMPIRIK GOVERNANCE ANTIKEMISKINAN (Inisiatif Antikemiskinan Organisasi non-Pemerintah (NGO) dan Ormas Islam (MBO) di Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, dan Nusa Tenggara Barat) Sobari, Wawan
Jurnal Interaktif Vol 1, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Politik dan Ilmu Sosial, Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Conventional approach views that the root of poverty is inherently cultural factors. Indeed, structural factors outside the poor are the real impediments. This paper discusses three questions focusing on governance of antipoverty. It covers extension of the actors, policy change, and transformation of the poor. This paper found on the result of study applying qualitative approach to build understanding on initiatives of  non-state actors (NGO and MBO) in participating to eradicate poverty. In gathering data, researcher undertakes semi-structured interview. Also, this study deploys documents and secondary data collection to counter the interview pitfalls.This paper demonstrates three main findings. Governance of antipoverty has allowed non-state actors to extend the involvement of more various actors and to create a new space in the arena of pro-poor policy making. Also, initiatives of non-state actors have endorsed inclusive pro-poor policy, particularly the alteration of budget allocation. Finally, the exercise of participatory tools and techniques have transformed behavior and capacity of the poor as well as networking among the poor, NGO, MBO, and local government. Nonetheless, interest and ideological differences between NGO and MBO can hamper collaboration among them. Key words: governance, policy networks, poverty alleviation, non-government actors
ANALISIS MANAJEMEN PRIVASI KOMUNIKASI KORBAN CYBERSTALKING DALAM FACEBOOK Putri, Dian Kartika; Nirwana, Maya Diah; Sobari, Wawan
Jurnal Interaktif Vol 3, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Politik dan Ilmu Sosial, Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

The Internet grows broader from search engines to social networking sites like Facebook. Facebook offered facilities and new function (for examples: sosial network, micro blogging, messenger, image sharing, social bookmarking, blogging, video sharing, and Internet marketing)  that lucrative to their users where the users could make friends, chat, and even discuss. Facebook likes a real life is not free from crime or even cybercrime. There are many kinds of cybercrime on Facebook, one of them is cyberstalking (a course of conduct directed at a specific person that would cause a reasonable person to feel fear). Now, there are many cases of complaint that included authorities by certain people consequence of slander, kidnapping, fraud, defamation through Facebook. Thus, researcher wanted to know about cause of development of these cases. The purpose of this research was to find out why being the victims of cyberstalking and how communication privacy management done by the victims. This research also wants to find out the media literacy and media diet, along with how prevention and precaution for cyberstalking victims on Facebook. The approach of this research was qualitative with case study method using pattern of pairing techniques. Data collection techniques used in this research are Internet Ethnography, participant observation, interviews, media uses diaries, documentation, and archive recordings.The results from this research was cyberstalking victims on Facebook did not fully applied communication privacy management. In addition, media literacy has not applied to Facebook by them. The researchers interested to create a model of Facebook Literacy as prevention and precaution for cyberstalking victims. Facebook Literacy is a model which includes techniques and ways to use Facebook securely to prevent cyberstalking.Key words: Communication Privacy Management; Facebook; Cyberstalking
ELEKTABILITAS DAN MITOS PEMILIH RASIONAL: DEBAT HASIL-HASIL RISET OPINI MENJELANG PEMILU 2014 Sobari, Wawan
Jurnal Penelitian Politik Vol 10, No 1 (2013): Partai Politik dalam Timbangan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Politik

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1062.454 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jpp.v10i1.218

Abstract

Menjelang Pemilu 2014, lembaga-lembaga riset opini (pollsters) di Indonesia antusias mempublikasikan hasilhasil jajak pendapat {poli) mereka. Para pollsters mempresentasikan tren nilai elektabilitas yang serupa untuk tigapartai besar. Mayoritas lembaga riset opini mengunggulkan Partai Golkar sebagai parpol yang memiliki kesempatanuntuk unggul dalam pemilu mendatang. Meski demikian, hasil-hasil jajak pendapat menyisakan pertanyaan seriusterkait besarnya disparitas nilai-nilai elektabilitas, padahal jajak pendapat dilakukan dalam waktu yang relatifbersamaan. Makalah ini menelaah secara kritis logika fundamental riset-riset jajak pendapat melalui klarifikasimetodologi, profil lembaga, data swing voters, politik konsultansi, dan rasionalitas pemilih. Hasil-hasil pokokterhadap kajian ini di antaranya, pertama, telaah atas metodologi yang digunakan dan profil lembaga riset opinitidak cukup kuat memberikan jawaban yang meyakinkan terhadap perbedaan nilai-nilai elektabilitas parpol yangdipublikasikanpollsters. Berikutnya, kajian terhadap angka swing voters menyisakan pertanyaan karena disparitas ngka swing voters yang besar tidak menjawab fakta-fakta utama penyelenggaraan jajak pendapat yang dilakukanhampir bersamaan. Kemudian, pendekatan kritis dalam melihat praktik jajak pendapat memberikan arahan untuksampai pada argumen tentang jajak pendapat partisan sebagai inti disparitas nilai-nilai elektabilitas parpol. Selainitu, kategorisasi kubu-kubu (camps) di antara lembaga-lembaga riset opini berguna dalam menjelaskan perbedaankepentingan di balik perbedaan hasil-hasil jajak pendapat. Analisis rasionalitas pemilih yang terlalu sederhana jugatelah menghasilkan pemahaman yang kurang tepat terhadap karakter unik pemilih Indonesia. Terakhir, penggunaansecara dominan pendekatan sains (episteme dan techne) dalam pelaksanaan jajak pendapat telah mengabaikankonteks, nilai, realitas praksis pemilih, dan isu kontestasi di antara lembaga-lembaga riset opini.Kata kunci: jajak pendapat, elektabilitas, perilaku memilih, rasionalitas, Pemilu 2014
Perilaku Gumunan: Memperluas Kajian Perilaku Pemilih Jawa Sevtyan, Arga; Sobari, Wawan; Mochtar, Hilmy
POLITICO Vol 18, No 2 (2018): Jurnal POLITICO Fisipol
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (270.9 KB) | DOI: 10.32528/politico.v18i2.1655

Abstract

ABSTRAK Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji perilaku pemilih masyarakat jawa dengan metode kualitatif studi kasus Pemilukada di Kabupaten Trenggalek tahun 2015. Penelitian terdahulu yang mengkaji perilaku pemilih masyarakat jawa di Indonesia adalah Geertz (1960) dan Gaffar(1992). Dinyatakan bahwa perilaku memilih melalui pendekatan politik aliran dengan orientasi memilih sosio relijius dan sosio personal. Sobari (2016) menyatakan bahwa perilaku pemilih berdasarkan pendekatan orientasi kelompok dalam masyarakat jawa. Artikel tersebut melihat perilaku pemilih jawa melalui pendekatan sosio kultur masyarakat jawa. Pemilukada Kabupaten Trenggalek 2015 dimenangkan oleh pasangan Emil Elestianto dan Mochamad Nur Arifin sebagai penantang petahana. Masyarakat Trenggalek mayoritas adalah suku jawa yang menganut budaya mataraman dengan nilai feodalistik. Perilaku “gumunan” merupakan temuan unik dalam memperluas tentang kajian perilaku pemilih jawa. Budaya sikap “gumunan” falsafah jawa bermakna mudah kagum dan heran pada kekayaan, kecerdasan, kebangsawanan orang lain. Konteks Pemilukada Trenggalek perilaku pemilih “gumunan” berarti masyarakat cenderung mudah terkesan pada janji kampanye serta penampilan luar kandidat namun tidak dapat menilai apakah itu rasional atau tidak bagi kesejahteraan. Sikap “gumunan” dipengaruhi perilaku afektif meliputi cara menilai sesuatu dengan emosional, seperti perasaan, nilai, penghargaan, antusiasme, motivasi, dan sikap. Hal tersebut mejadikan rasionalitas semu pada pemilih jawa.Kata Kunci: Perilaku Pemilih, Pemilih Jawa, Falsafah Jawa, Pemilukada, Mataraman  ABSTRACT The voters behavior in Javanese society becomes a review in this article. The purpose of this article is to expand the study of Javanese voter behavior. This research used qualitative method using case study approach at General Election of Trenggalek Regency in 2015. Previously there were many scientists that discussed about voter behavior in Indonesia especially in Javanese society such as Geertz (1960) and Gaffar (1992). Both explain the behavior of choosing through the “politik aliran” approach with the orientation of choosing socio-religious and socio-personal. Another opinion about the behavior of Javanese voters put forward by Sobari (2016) which explained voter behavior based on group orientation approach in Javanese society. This article tries to capture the behavior of Javanese voters through socio-cultural approach in Javanese society. This study was conducted on the General Election of Trenggalek in 2015 was won by Emil Elestianto and Mochamad Nur Arifin as incumbent challengers. In Trenggalek,Majority civilian is Javanese tribe who embrace the culture of mataraman with feudalistic value. The behavior of "gumunan" is a unique finding in expanding on the study of Javanese voter behavior. "Gumunan" attitudes in the philosophy of life in Javanese people means easily amazed and marveled at the wealth, intelligence, nobility of others. In the context of General Election of Trenggalek, voter behavior of "gumunan" means people tend to be easily impressed by campaign promises and outside appearance of the candidate but unable to assess whether it is rational or not for welfare."Gumunan" was influenced by the affective behavior, including how to judge things emotionally, such as feelings, values, appreciation, enthusiasm, motivation, and attitude.This makes a pseudo rationality in Javanese voters.Key words:Voter Behavior, Local Election, Javanese Voters, Javanese Philosophy, Mataraman 
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBANGUNAN POLITIK DALAM PEMBENTUKAN MASYARAKAT MADANI : *MANIFESTASI MORALITAS KEKUASAAN sobari, wawan
Jurnal Bestari No 32 (2001)
Publisher : Jurnal Bestari

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Abstract

The change of stategic environmental drives the teoritical study on development politic, include of civil society. Practically, it can be started via preliminary study consist of sysntesis and analysis the factual indonesia society now and the past and, after that, could be illustrated the formulae what kind the civil society in indonesia is? The beginner is not always the state, eventhought the state, should always, has great role to support, to facilitate and finalizing the civil siciety model in indonesia. 
Reckoning Informal Politics: Expands the Logic of Survival and Failure of Regional Heads Sobari, Wawan
Jurnal Politik Indonesia: Indonesian Political Science Review Vol 3, No 1 (2018): General Issue: Indonesian Politics
Publisher : Political Science Program, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jpi.v3i1.12522

Abstract

The qualitative research addresses the political logic of why and how the incumbents succeed and fail in direct election for regional heads (pilkada) in emerging democratic Indonesia. De Mesquita et al. (2003) believe that, to survive in office, a leader needs to offer a benefit at least equal to the greatest possible benefit offered by a potential challenger. Particular to the pilkada cases in Indonesia, Erb and Sulistiyanto (2009) elaborate several factors connected to “reward and punishment” logic that may lead to the incumbents’ survival and failure in re-election bids. This study expands the logic by revealing that populism, rivalry, and tangibility are the core strategies for the successful incumbents in retaining their offices in four rural and urban regions in East Java. Particularly, the survival of an incumbent hinges on his capacity to manage rivalry risks, namely the capability to manage support and opposition both from formal and informal actors through fair or unfair means. These strategies, then, foster the success of patronage-based winning tactics to retain public office in the pilkada. To better assessment, it calls for the importance of democratic accountability as a complementary perspective (to consolidology) in measuring the progress of democracy in the country. 
PENGUATAN PENGEMBANGAN SOSIAL EKONOMI (PSE) SEBAGAI UPAYA PENGENTASAN KEMISKINAN Petrus Ans Gregorius Taek; Darsono Wisadirana; Wawan Sobari
JISPO : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol 9, No 2 (2019): JISPO Vol 9 No 2 2019
Publisher : Centre for Asian Social Science Research (CASSR), FISIP, UIN Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/jispo.v9i2.5134

Abstract

This qualitative case study aims to assess the contribution of the PSE Commission in alleviating poverty and to analyze PSE institutional strengthening in the success of poverty alleviation priority programs. Institutional strengthening is the key to the sustainability and success of poverty alleviation programs. However, there are studies that show that institutional strengthening through legal aspects, Provincial Drinking Wages and public policies have been effective enough to alleviate poverty. Of the many findings that exist, researchers discovered new things, namely through institutional strengthening in aspects; Structure, HR, Finance, Organizational Funding and Assets, Monitoring and Evaluation, Legality, Data and Information and Collaborative Networks can determine the success of the institution in alleviating poverty and the sustainability of poverty alleviation priority programs. The pattern of the empowerment approach carried out by the government is seen as less touching on the problems of the poor because it is project oriented, while the one carried out by the Catholic Church is oriented towards religious values.
Prinsip Non-Kooperasi Soekarno sebagai Komunikasi untuk Melawan Kolonialisme Fidelis Aggiornamento Saintio; Anang Sujoko; Wawan Sobari
Jurnal Nomosleca Vol 7, No 1 (2021): April, 2021
Publisher : Universitas Merdeka Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26905/nomosleca.v7i1.5336

Abstract

Colonialism is closely related to monological, stereotypical, and hegemonic communication patterns. This implies a superior and inferior dichotomy between colonizer and colonized. The colonized nation which was labeled inferior in the end tended to imitate (mimicry) the colonizer, who claimed to be superior. One of the efforts made by Soekarno to counter this was by using the principle of non-cooperation. As a principle, non-cooperation is used to generate the nation's independence, self-confidence and national identity. This study uses hermeneutic analysis to explore a more comprehensive meaning of the non-cooperation principle. The main focus of this research is to find out the authentic values ​​which are the result of applying the principle of non-cooperation. The results of this study indicate that non-cooperation does not only revolve around reluctance to cooperate, mass action, and revolution. Soekarno used the principle of non-cooperation as a form of communication to construct alternative narratives that could be used against colonialism. In the end, non-cooperation also grows the seeds of the formulation of a national personality that can be used as a guideline for shaping national identity.Keywords: Colonialisme, Soekarno, Non-Cooperation, Hegemony, National IdenityDOI : https://doi.org/10.26905/nomosleca.v7i1.5336
The Practice of Political Entrepreneurship in a Rural Javanese Village Wawan Sobari
Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol 23, No 1 (2019): July
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (575.132 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jsp.38420

Abstract

This qualitative case study aims to explore the practice of political entrepreneurship in a rural Javanese village. Political entrepreneurship is dictated by the special interest of political entrepreneurs, incentives gained from the political system, and awareness about targeting the change of political institution, an explanation theorized by McCaffrey and Salerno (2011). Unlike the theory, this study assesses the importance of cultural explanation of political entrepreneurship which provides room in an academic discussion. The study reveals the role of Javanese (and Islam) values in encouraging the political entrepreneurship of a village head. Philosophical values of Javanese leadership promoting an exemplary leader (ing ngarso sung tulodo) and leadership behavior that is andap asor (humble) have favored public acceptance of the practice of political entrepreneurship. Furthermore, the doctrine (akhlak) and practices of Islamic rituals by the village head explain the direction of political entrepreneurship. This study discovers also the concept of ‘sungkan’ demonstrated in respect for the performance of the village head. Moreover, the ability to provide solutions to villagers’ problems practiced through suwuk and petungan add gratitude for the village head. Leadership behavior adhering to these cultural and religious values directly or indirectly induced a ‘sungkan’ effect in a reelection bid (the 2013 Village Election). ‘Sungkan’, which is equal to electoral accountability, explicates the outcome of political entrepreneurship for the electoral process in the village that were relatively clean from vote-buying. Lastly, the casework expands political entrepreneurship theory, indeed, cultural and religious values can also drive the practice of political entrepreneurship.
Kyai-Santri Relationship in Electoral Politics : A Critical Point of View Masruri Mahali; Wawan Sobari; George Towar Ikbal Tawwakal
JIP (Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan) : Kajian Ilmu Pemerintahan dan Politik Daerah Vol 4 No 2 (2019): JIP (Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan) : Kajian Ilmu Pemerintahan dan Politik Daerah
Publisher : Universitas Pancasakti Tegal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24905/jip.4.2.2019.75-89

Abstract

This qualitative case study aims to explore the electoral political relations of the kiai and santri in the local leaders election of East Java.The kiai's authority is absolute, the submission of the santri to the kiai is the main rule of the pesantren culture, the relationship of the kiai and santri is patron-client, there is an unequal interaction with the position of the santri being a client and the kiai becoming a patron.The strength factor of the charisma and influence of the kiai is often used for various interests in the politics of regional elections. Different from theory, the patron-client relationship in the electoral political relations of the kiai and santri in the local leaders election of East Java is not relevant. This study finds, First, the electoral political relations of the kiai and santri are determined by the attitude of equal egalitarian relations and complementary relations. Kiai and santri both play a role in shaping voting behavior, and the kiai is no longer the dominant figure in determining santri's political choices, because there is a practice of political deliberation. Secondly, there are three typologies of electoral political relations between kiai and santri, namely, (1) Political relations are equal (associative), (2) Positive opposition political relations (dissociative-positive), and (3) Political relations mabadi ’khaira ummah ((prioritizing the interests of the ummah). Lastly, this case study of the electoral political relations of the kiai and santri adds new knowledge that the santri's political choices in regional elections are no longer based on patron-client relations.