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Dewa Nyoman Wirawan, Dewa Nyoman
Faculty of Medicine Udayana University
Public Health

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Husband’s behavior and early marriage as risk factors for hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Karangasem, Bali, Indonesia Surapathi, I.N. Adnyana; Wirawan, Dewa Nyoman; Sawitri, Anak Agung Sagung
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (784.698 KB) | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2021.v9.i1.p05

Abstract

Background and purpose: Indonesia is categorized as a country with moderate level of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, where the majority of HBV transmissions occur from mother to child, horizontal transmission during childhood and adulthood, and transmission in health services. This study aims to determine factors associated with HBV infection among pregnant women. Methods: A case control study was conducted among 80 pregnant women with sero-positive HBsAg as cases and 80 pregnant women with sero-negative HBsAg as controls. The sources of cases and controls were the registers of pregnant women at 12 public health centers (PHCs) and Karangasem District Hospital from June 2017 to December 2018. Cases were selected by systematic random sampling from 129 pregnant women with sero-positive HBsAg and controls were selected through the same method from 1,408 pregnant women with sero-negative HBsAg. They were then matched based on village or residence. Data collected were including history of marriage, pregnancy, childbirth and abortion, history of health services relevant to HBV infection, use of contraception, mobility, permanent tattoos and history of injecting drug use. Data collection was carried out from June to August 2019 through face-to-face interviews with pregnant women as respondents in their respective homes using a pre-tested questionnaire. Bivariate data analysis was conducted with chi square test and multivariate analysis with logistic regression. Results: The case and control groups were similar in terms of age, number of pregnancy and parity. Risk factors which found to be significantly associated with HBV infection in pregnant women were age at first marriage <19 years with AOR=2.51 (95%CI: 1.13-5.60), history of husband’s mobility with AOR=3.07 (95%CI: 1.13-8.34), husband has a permanent tattoo with AOR=2.77 (95%CI: 1.04-7.44) and low level of maternal education with AOR=2.47 (95%CI: 1.06-5.73). Conclusion: Young marital age, low education, husband’s mobility and husband with permanent tattoos increase the likelihood of HBV infection among pregnant women. The coverage of HBV examination among pregnant women and early detection of HBV among husbands ought to be increased, especially among those with associated risk factors.
Willingness to pay for dengue vaccine among parents of elementary school students in Denpasar Indraswari, Ni Luh Astri; Wirawan, Dewa Nyoman; Kardiwinata,, Made Pasek; Januraga, Pande Putu
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (568.531 KB) | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2021.v9.i2.p07

Abstract

Background and purpose: The incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in Bali, especially in Denpasar, remains high. Efforts to eradicate mosquito nests have been carried out but did not give a significant reduction in the incidence number. The dengue vaccine is now available and can be a way of prevention. The dengue vaccine has not been included in the mandatory immunization program by the government so people who want to get vaccinated have to pay for it by themselves. This study aims to determine the relationship between socio-demographic factors and perceptions with the willingness to pay for the dengue vaccine among parents of elementary school students in Denpasar. Methods: This study used a cross sectional design involving 100 mothers of students from grade 3 to grade 6 at Dauh Puri 5 Elementary School and Dauh Puri 6 Elementary School who were selected with systematic random sampling. Data collected included education level, income, respondents’ perceptions and willingness to pay for dengue vaccine. Data were collected by interview using a questionnaire, the results were analyzed using a multivariate logistic regression. Results: The average willingness of parents to pay for the dengue vaccine per dose was IDR 131,170. Percentage of respondents who were willing to pay for the dengue vaccine was 31%. The results of analysis showed that variables associated with parents’ willingness to pay for the dengue vaccine were education level (OR=4.06; 95%CI: 1.19-13.76), perceived susceptibility (OR=1.59; 95%CI: 0.58-4.37) and perceived benefits (OR=2.60; 95%CI: 1.00-6.81). Conclusion: Parents’ willingness to pay for the dengue vaccine remains very low compared to the current price of vaccine per dose. The government needs to provide subsidies so that the dengue vaccine can be included in the national immunization program and be accessed by all people. Further research is needed with a broader scope and more varied population’s characteristics to obtain a willingness to pay value that can represent society in general.
Co-Authors A.A.A.A. Candrawati, A.A.A.A. Abadi, Dewa Ayu Ketut Sri Anak Agung Gede Agung, Anak Agung Gede Antarina, Putu Ayu Merry ariesthi, kadek dwi Armini, Luh Putu Sri Arniti, Ni Ketut Aryati, Widya Desak Nyoman Widyanthini Desak Putu Yulita Kurniati Dinar Lubis Diwyami, N.P. Duara, I Ketut Dwijayanti, Lina Anggaraeni Dwijayanti, Widya Dyah Pradnya Paramitha Duarsa, Dyah Pradnya Paramitha Guterres, Jacinta dos Santos I Gusti Agung Trisna Windiani I Gusti Lanang Sidiartha I Ketut Subrata I Made Ady Wirawan I Made Bakta I Made Kerta Duana I Nyoman Mangku Karmaya I Putu Adiartha Griadhi I Putu Suiraoka I Wayan Gede Artawan Eka Putra, I Wayan Gede Artawan Eka Ifa Nurhasanah Indraswari, Ni Luh Astri Irma Rubianti K Tangking Widarsa Kadek Tresna Adhi Karang, Ni Luh Dea Kumala Sari Kardiwinata,, Made Pasek Kenyem Subagia Ketut Suarjana Ketut Tuti Parwati Merati Lisa Sutiasih, Lisa Luh Pitriyanti Luh Seri Ani Made Pasek Kardiwinata Megaputri, Putu Sukma Minaka, Ida Ayu Dwi Astuti Musrifa, Musrifa Ni Luh Putu Suariyani Ni Made Ari Febriyanti Ni Wayan Arya Utami, Ni Wayan Arya Pande Putu Januraga Pidari, Putri Purniati, Desak Nyoman Putu Ayu Ratna Darmayanti Putu Ika Farmani Rahayuni, Ni Wayan Sri Rini Hendari, Rini Rizki Yulia Purwitaningtyas, Rizki Yulia Rowe, Emily Sari, Komang Ayu Kartika Satriani, Gusti Ayu Sawitri, Anak Agung Sagung Silfanus, Fonny Sri Juharni, Sri Suardani, Nyoman Suarjaya, Made Sudiasih, Ni Luh Putu Sudiatmika, I Nyoman Sumiati, Ni Luh Nyoman Surapathi, I Nengah Adnyana Surapathi, I.N. Adnyana Susanto, Vennesa Vitari Maureen Suyetna, Dewa Utami Ds, Ni Kadek Ayu Dwi Utami, Putu Sri Widhiastuti, Ida Ayu Putri Wulandari, Luh Putu Lila Yudiastuti, Ni Kadek Ethi