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All Journal The Indonesian Journal of Dental Research MKGK (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Klinik) (Clinical Dental Journal) UGM Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (Indonesian Journal of Community Engagement) Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Didaktika Biologi: Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Biologi Jurnal Widya Medika
Nunuk Purwanti
Bagian Biomedika, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Dentistry Education Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

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Ekspresi COX-2 setelah pemberian ekstrak etanolik kulit manggis (Garcinia mangostana Linn) pada tikus wistar (COX-2 expression after mangosteen rind (Garcinia mangostana Linn) etanolic extract administration in wistar rats) Rendra Chriestedy Prasetya; Tetiana Haniastuti; Nunuk Purwanti
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 46 No. 4 (2013): December 2013
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (945.377 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v46.i4.p173-178

Abstract

Background: Cyclooxygenase is an enzyme for prostaglandins (PGs) synthesis from arachidonic acid. Cyclooxygenase have been characterized and named as COX-1 and COX-2. COX-1 is responsible for constitutive PGs production under physiological condition and maintains normal function. On the other hand, while COX-2 expression is inducible by cytokines and endotoxin. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by anaerobic bacteria especially gram negative bacteria. The periodontitis occurrence is followed by increased of COX-2 expression. Mangosteen rind (Garcinia mangostana Linn) contains gamma mangostin which inhibits the synthesis of PGE2 through inhibition of COX-2 expression. Purpose: This research was aimed to study COX-2 expression in experimental-induced periodontitis in wistar rats after mangosteen rind etanolic extract administration. Methods: Forty eight male wistar rats were induced periodontitis by putting silk ligature subgingivally around the cervical of the anterior lower teeth for 7 days. After the ligation was taken out, the rats were divided into 4 groups, and treated orally with mangosteen rind extract 60 mg/kg BB, 30 mg/kg BB, ibuprofen and saline respectively. The rats were sacrificed on the 1st, 3rd, 4th, 7th day after the treatment. The rats’ anterior lower jaws were processed for paraffin embedded tissue, cut serially and stained with immunohistochemistry. COX-2 expression were observed and counted under the microscope (400x). The data were analyzed using kruskall wallis test. Results: Kruskal wallis test showed a significant difference COX-2 expression among group indicating that mangosteen rind etanolic extract affected COX-2 expression. Conclusion: Mangosteen rind etanolic extract reduced COX-2 expression in periodontitis rats.Latar belakang: Siklooksigenase adalah enzim yang mensintesis prostaglandin (PG) dari asam arakhidonat. Siklooksigenase dibagi menjadi 2 yaitu COX-1 dan COX-2. COX-1 bertanggung jawab pada sintesis PG dalam kondisi fisiologis dan mempertahankan fungsi normal, sedangkan ekspresi COX-2 dapat terinduksi oleh sitokin dan endotoksin. Periodontitis adalah penyakit peradangan kronis yang disebabkan oleh bakteri anaerob terutama bakteri gram negatif. Terjadinya periodontitis diikuti oleh peningkatan ekspresi COX-2. Kulit buah manggis (Garcinia mangostana Linn) mengandung mangostin gamma yang menghambat sintesis PGE2 melalui penghambatan COX-2. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti ekspresi COX-2 pada tikus wistar jantan yang diinduksi periodontitis setelah pemberian ekstrak etanolik kulit manggis. Metode: Empat puluh delapan ekor tikus wistar jantan diinduksi periodontitis dengan meletakkan ligatur sutra pada subgingiva sevikal gigi anterior rahang bawah selama 7 hari. Setelah ligatur dilepas, tikus dibagi dalam 4 kelompok yaitu ekstrak kulit manggis dosis 60 mg/kg BB, 30 mg/kg BB, ibuprofen dan saline dengan pemberian secara peroral. Tikus didekapitasi pada hari ke-1,3, 5 dan 7 setelah perlakuan. Rahang bawah gigi depan dilakukan pemrosesan menjadi blok paraffin, dipotong serial dan dilakukan pewarnaan imunohistokimia. Ekspresi COX-2 diamati di bawah mikroskop dengan perbesaran 400x. Data pengamatan dianalisa dengan uji kruskall wallis. Hasil: Uji kruskall wallis menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna ekspresi COX-2 diantara kelompok perlakuan yang mengindikasikan bahwa ekstrak kulit manggis mempengaruhi ekspresi COX-2. Simpulan: Ektrak etanolik kulit manggis menurunkan ekspresi COX-2 pada tikus dengan periodontitis.
Differences of Streptococcus mutans adhesion between artificial mouth systems: a dinamic and static methods Aryan Morita; H. Dedy Kusuma Yulianto; Susmira Delta Kusdina; Nunuk Purwanti
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 49 No. 2 (2016): June 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (368.936 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v49.i2.p67-70

Abstract

Background: Various materials have been used for treating dental caries. Dental caries is a disease that attacks hard tissues of the teeth. The initial phase of caries is a formation of bacterial biofilm, called as dental plaque. Dental restorative materials are expected for preventing secondary caries formation initiated by dental plaque. Initial bacterial adhesion is assumed to be an important stage of dental plaque formation. Bacteria that recognize the receptor for binding to the pellicle on tooth surface are known as initial bacterial colonies. One of the bacteria that plays a role in the early stage of dental plaque formation is Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). Artificial mouth system (AMS) used in bacterial biofilm research on the oral cavity provides the real condition of oral cavity and continous and intermittent supply of nutrients for bacteria. Purpose: This study aimed to compare the profile of S. mutans bacterial adhesion as the primary etiologic agent for dental caries between using static method and using artificial mouth system, a dinamic. method (AMS). Method: The study was conducted at Faculty of Dentistry and Integrated Research and testing laboratory (LPPT) in Universitas Gadjah Mada from April to August 2015. Composite resin was used as the subject of this research. Twelve composite resins with a diameter of 5 mm and a width of 2 mm were divided into two groups, namely group using static method and group using dynamic method. Static method was performed by submerging the samples into a 100µl suspension of 1.5 x 108 CFU/ml S. mutans and 200µl BHI broth. Meanwhile AMS method was carried out by placing the samples at the AMS tube drained with 20 drops/minute of bacterial suspension and sterile aquadest. After 72 hours, five samples from each group were calculated for their biofilm mass using 1% crystal violet and read by a spectrofotometer with a wavelength of 570 nm. Meanwhile, one sample from each group was taken for its surface image using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Result: The results showed that S. mutans biofilm mass in the group using static method was 0.34, while in the group using AMS method was 0.09. The results of the statistical analysis then showed that there was a significant difference (p=0.02) in the formation of bacterial biofilm mass between those groups. SEM image in the group using static method also showed that the attachment of S. mutans was more numerous and had a longer chain than in the group using AMS method. Conclusion: There is a difference in the profile of S. mutans bacterial adhesion between using AMS method and static method.
Differences in mucin expression in the submandibular glands of rats during peridontitis induction Nunuk Purwanti; Banun Kusumawardhani; Kwartarini Murdiastuti
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 51 No. 2 (2018): June 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v51.i2.p52-56

Abstract

Background: Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) produces lipopolysacharide (LPS) which acts as a stimulator of inflammation in periodontal tissues. Periodontitis-induced apoptosis and vacuolation of the salivary gland, therefore, causes hyposalivation. Mucin secretion is produced by the submandibular gland under stimulation by the cholinergic and adrenergic receptors. Both forms of stimulation influence the volume of mucin secretion. Mucin saliva plays an important role in the early stages of Pg colonization in the oral cavity. On the other hand, it serves to protect against bacterial invasion. Purpose: The aim of this research was to identify differences in mucin expression in the submandibular gland during periodontitis induction. Methods: 32 male Wistar rats were assigned to either a sham periodontitis or a periodontitis group. The former group received a daily injection of a vehicle solution (n = 16), while members of the periodontitis induction group (n=16) were injected each day with 500 µL of Pg 108 into the mesial area of the upper molar. Mucin in the submandibular gland was analyzed at the 7th, 14th, 21th and 28th days after injection by means of periodic acid schiff (PAS) staining. Results: 28 days after injection mild gingivitis was developed in the periodontitis experiment group. Junctional epithelium (JE) thickness decreased gradually following the increase of PG injection periods (p<0.05).  However, mucin expression increased prominently at 7th, 14th, and 21th days after injection and decreased on day 28th after PG injection. Mucin was expressed in the duct cells of the submandibular gland. Conclusion: The result of this study suggests that there are different levels of mucin expression in the submandibular gland during periodontitis induction.
Faktor dalam swamedikasi antibiotika untuk penanganan penyakit periodontal oleh masyarakat di Kecamatan Godean, Sleman, Yogyakarta Mayu Winnie Rachmawati; Dhienda Hastinesya; Aryan Morita; Nunuk Purwanti
MKGK (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Klinik) (Clinical Dental Journal) UGM Vol 8, No 3 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mkgk.83747

Abstract

Penyakit periodontal merupakan salah satu penyakit ronggal mulut dengan prevalensi yang relatif tinggi di Indonesia yaitu 60%. Salah satu hal yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi penyakit tersebut di masyarakat adalah swamedikasi antibiotika. Swamedikasi didefinisikan sebagai upaya pengobatan menggunakan obat-obatan yang dibeli baik di apotek maupun toko obat tanpa konsultasi dan resep dokter. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi faktor swamedikasi antibiotika pada pengobatan penyakit periodontal oleh masyarakat di Kecamatan Godean, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional deskriptif dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Jumlah responden sebanyak 195 orang yang memiliki pengalaman menderita penyakit periodontal dan melakukan swamedikasi antibiotika. Datadiperoleh melalui kuesioner yang didistribusikan secara online.Hasil menunjukan bahwa perempuan memiliki kecenderungan melakukan swamedikasi lebih tinggi (44,6%) dibandingkan laki-laki. Sementara kelompok usia 17-25 tahun (52,8%) dengan pendidikan terakhir SMA (69,2%) lebih banyak melakukan swamedikasi. Ditinjau dari pekerjaan dan pendapatan, kelompok pelajar (53,8%) dan kelompok dengan pendapatan lebih dari 2 juta per bulan (20,5%) banyak melakukan swamedikasi.
The concentration effect of kulim leaf (scorodocarpus borneensis) extract on Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 bacterial hydrophobicity and adhesion Utami, Trianna Wahyu; Hapsari, Adhaninggar Ratna; Hanalda, Dhe Rifdania; Nur, Asikin; Yulianto, Heribertus Dedy Kusuma; Purwanti, Nunuk
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 8, No 3 (2022): December
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.80636

Abstract

With the ability to reduce hydrophobicity and inhibit the adhesion of S. mutans ATCC 25175 bacteria, Kulim leaf extract can be used as an alternative to chlorhexidine mouthwash in caries prevention. The objectives of this study are to determine the effect of Kulim leaf extract on hydrophobicity and adherence of the cariogenic bacteria S. mutans ATCC 25175. The test groups were divided into negative control (DMSO 2%), the treatment group (Kulim leaf extractconcentrations of 1.25%, 2.5%, 5%), and positive control (0.1% chlorhexidine). All of groups were received three replicated tests for hydrophobicity and adherence inhibition of S. mutans ATCC 25175 bacteria. The hydrophobicity test was conducted by providing 3 ml of bacterial suspension of S. mutans ATCC 25175 which had been adjusted to the McFarland 0.5 standard for each group. Furthermore, each test group was vortexed for one minute and left to stand for 15 minutes. Each treatment was tested with a wavelength spectrophotometer of 550 nm before and after the provision of 200 µl of n-hexadecane. The absorbance value on the spectrophotometer was then included in the hydrophobicity formula to determine the hydrophobicity percentage of S. mutans ATCC 25175 against n-hexadecane. To test the bacterial adhesion, the 96 wells microplate was inserted with the kulim leaf extract of each concentration,BHI-B, bacteria according to the McFarland 0.5 standard, and for the positive control and negative control. Afterwards, they were incubated at 37 °C for 24 hours before they were rinsed with distilled water, and stained with 0.1% crystal violet. Then, an optical density reading was performed using a microplate reader with a wavelength of 540 nm. The absorbance value was then included in the formula for percentage of bacterial adhesion inhibition. Post-Hoc LSD testshowed a significant difference in mean difference between the negative control group and the other treatment groups (p<0.05). In addition, it was revealed that there was no significant mean difference between treatment groups, and there was no significant difference between positive control and treatment groups of 2.5% and 5% in the hydrophobicity test. However, there was a significant difference between the positive control and the treatment group of 1.25% in the hydrophobicity test and the treatment group of 1.25%, 2.5%, and 5% in the adherence test. This study concluded that Kulim leaf extract concentration affected hydrophobicity and attachment of S. mutans ATCC 25175 with an effective concentration of 2.5%.
QUALITY OF CRITICAL THINKING, COMMUNICATION, COLLABORATION AND CREATIVITY SKILLS: SURVEY OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN BIOLOGY LEARNING Sari, Tasya Novian Indah; Rakhmawati, Anna; Ratnawati, Dwi; Purwanti, Nunuk; Yulianti, Yulianti
Didaktika Biologi: Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Biologi Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): DIDAKTIKA BIOLOGI
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32502/didaktikabiologi.v9i1.185

Abstract

Students need critical thinking, creativity, communication and collaboration skills to face and adapt to social change, so that students can survive and compete well in social life. The aim of the research is to describe the critical thinking, collaboration, communication and creativity skills of high school students in biology learning. The research was carried out in August-September 2023. The research population was high school students in Magetan Regency. The research sampling technique was cluster sampling and the research sample was 539 high school class students. Data collection techniques used questionnaires on critical thinking skills, communication, collaboration and creativity. This research instrument is a questionnaire in the form of a questionnaire with 5 Likert scales. Quantitative descriptive research data analysis techniques. The research results show that high school students' critical thinking and creativity skills are in the medium and low categories compared to communication and collaboration skills. The results of the research can be used as a reflection for teachers or future researchers as a follow-up to empower students' critical thinking, communication, collaboration and creativity skills in implementing the Merdeka Curriculum.
THE EFFECT OF CINNAMALDEHYDE MEMBRANE APPLICATION ON THE NUMBER OF MACROPHAGES ON THE INFLAMMATION PROCESS OF LABIAL ULCUS OF WISTAR RATS Chrisdina Puspita Sari; Nunuk Purwanti; Ika Dewi Ana
JURNAL WIDYA MEDIKA Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022): April
Publisher : FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK WIDYA MANDALA SURABAYA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33508/jwm.v8i1.3712

Abstract

Introduction: Macrophage is the inflammatory cell that dominates the chronic inflammation. Macrophage plays an important role in phagocytic process and secretion of chemical mediators in the early stage of inflammation. Cinnamaldehyde is the major constituent of cinnamon plant has an anti-inflammatory effect. Cinnamaldehyde can be delivered by membrane-shaped hydrogel polymer made from gelatin to maximize its anti-inflammatory effect. Aim: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of cinnamaldehyde membrane on the macrophage numbers on the labial ulcer of Wistar rats. Methods: Thirty Wistar Rats were divided into 5 groups, 4 groups as treatment and 1 group as a control. An injury of the labial mucosa of Wistar Rat was made by the application of acetic acid glacial on the labial mucosal surface. The cinnamaldehyde membrane 1%, 4%, K-diclofenac membrane, and DMSO membrane were applied on the wound of the treatment groups, while the DMSO was applied on the control group at one day after injury. Three rats from each group were sacrificed on the 3rd and 6th day. The ulcerative mucosal tissues were collected and processed for histological preparation with Hematoksilin Eosin (HE) staining. The numbers of macrophage was counted in 6 fields using trinocular microscope. The data were analyzed using Two-way Analysis of Variance (Two-way Anova). Result: The result of Two-way Anova showed that there were significance differences between the treatment and control groups, so were the interaction of the treatment and the day. Conclusion: The application of cinnamaldehyde membrane has an effect on the numbers of macrophage on the labial ulcer of Wistar Rats.
Confirmation of the potential mechanism of pentagamavunon-0 against temporomandibular arthritis using bioinformatic approaches Robin, Dwi Merry Christmarini; Ardhani, Retno; Novitasari, Dhania; Kusumawardani, Banun; Aulia Rahman, Faaza; Meiyanto, Edy; Purwanti, Nunuk
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 58 No. 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v58.i4.p367-375

Abstract

Background: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) are widely used in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis management. However, the side effects of NSAIDs on multiple organs need to be anticipated. Curcumin is known for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential, comparable to that of NSAIDs. In a previous study, structurally modified curcumin increased the pharmacological effect and simultaneously reduced the toxicity and side effects of curcumin. Pentagamavunon-0 (PGV-0) is one of the active components synthesized by the structure modification of curcumin. Purpose: In this study, we identify the potential target of PGV-0 on the pathogenesis of temporomandibular arthritis characterized by inflammation. Methods: We used a bioinformatics approach to compare the PGV-0 target with curcumin and diclofenac sodium as controls. We identified overlapping gene targets of bioactive compounds (PGV-0, curcumin, or diclofenac sodium) retrieved from the SwissTargetPrediction and GeneCards platforms, specifically for temporomandibular arthritis. An interaction model among targets was developed using the STRING database and Gene Ontology Panther to expound on the bioactive compound’s function on the key signaling pathway. Finally, we formulated a molecular docking prediction between the bioactive compound and the target protein marker derived from the previous analysis using Molecular Operating Environment tools. Results: This study found that curcumin and PGV-0 targeted different molecular pathways in temporomandibular arthritis compared to diclofenac sodium. Curcumin and PGV-0 shared a similar pathway to curcumin by modulating metalloproteinases (MMPs), especially MMP-9 and MMP-13. Moreover, diclofenac sodium influenced cyclooxygenase metabolism. Conclusion: In this study, PGV-0 targeted metalloproteinase in temporomandibular arthritis pathogenesis. This finding underlines the PGV-0 advantage in preventing metalloproteinase-related tissue damage in temporomandibular arthritis.
Co-Authors Abdelaziz Eljawadi Anna Rakhmawati Anne Handrini Dewi Aryan Morita Aryan Morita Asikin Nur Aulia Rahman, Faaza Banun Kusumawardani Banun Kusumawardhani Chrisdina Puspita Sari Dahlia Herawati Dewi Agustina Dhienda Hastinesya Dwi Merry Christmarini Robin Dwi Ratnawati, Dwi Dyah Listyarifah Edy Meiyanto Fimma Naritasari Fitri Yuniawati H. Dedy Kusuma Yulianto Hanalda, Dhe Rifdania Hapsari, Adhaninggar Ratna Heni Susilowati Heni Susilowati Heribertus Dedy Kusuma Yulianto Ika Dewi Ana Intan Ruspita Intan Ruspita, Intan Ivan Arie Wahyudi Kwartarini Murdiastuti Leny Pratiwi Arie Sandy Lisdrianto Hanindriyo Mayu Winnie Rachmawati Novitasari, Dhania Oktarina, Dyah Ayu Mira Pramudya Aditama Rendra Chriestedy Prasetya Retno Ardhani Sari, Tasya Novian Indah Susmira Delta Kusdina Totok Utoro Trianna Wahyu Utami Yulianti Yulianti Yundari, Yundari Zenia Adindaputri U Zenia Adindaputri U, Zenia Adindaputri