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Potential Application of Microwave-assisted Methods for Metal Extraction from Fly Ash: Review Tasya Alya Azzahiro; Nita Ayu Setia Ningsi; Susilowati; Renova Panjaitan
International Journal of Eco-Innovation in Science and Engineering (IJEISE) Vol. 7 No. 01 (2026): IJEISE
Publisher : UPN Veteran Jatim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/ijeise.v7i01.203

Abstract

Fly ash is a solid waste product resulting from the combustion of coal or biomass that contains various valuable metals such as Si, Al, Fe, Ca, and Mg. The utilization of fly ash as a source of secondary metals is considered important from both economic and environmental perspectives. Various extraction methods have been applied, including conventional acid leaching, biogenic leaching, alkali leaching, and hydrometallurgy; however, each has limitations regarding efficiency and environmental impact. This study examines the application of a microwave-assisted extraction method that utilizes rapid and uniform heating to enhance the metal dissolution process. Comparative results from various sources indicate that extraction via the microwave method yields higher metal recovery than other methods, such as conventional hydrometallurgical, biogenic, and pyrometallurgical approaches, particularly for aluminium compounds, with recoveries of around 95-96%. The advantages of this method are associated with lower solvent consumption, shorter processing times, higher energy efficiency, and greater environmental friendliness. Thus, the microwave-assisted method is the most effective and efficient technique for metal extraction from fly ash, regardless of the need for further research on industrial-scale applications.
EKSTRAKSI SENYAWA FLAVONOID PADA DAUN SIRSAK (ANNONA MURICATA LINN) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE MICROWAVE ASSISTED EXTRACTION (MAE) Achmad Qodim Syafaatullah; Dwi Setyorini; Muh. Nova Satria; Renova Panjaitan; Yeni Variyana
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA MINERAL Vol 4 No 2 (2025): JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA MINERAL
Publisher : Politeknik ATI Makassaar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61844/jtkm.v4i2.1268

Abstract

Daun sirsak (Annona muricata L.) diketahui mengandung senyawa fitokimia, terutama flavonoid, yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan dan anti kanker. Senyawa flavonoid dapat diperoleh melalui proses pemisahan seperti ekstraksi dengan memanfaatkan gelombang mikro yang mampu mempercepat proses ekstraksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan kondisi optimum ekstraksi flavonoid dari daun sirsak menggunakan metode microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). Proses ekstraksi dilakukan pada daya 264 W dan 440 W dengan variasi waktu 30, 45, 60, 75, dan 90 menit. Hasil ekstraksi dianalisis berdasarkan rendemen, kadar flavonoid total, dan identifikasi gugus fungsi melalui FTIR. Kondisi optimum nilai rendemen diperoleh pada daya 440 W selama 30 menit dengan rendemen 20,35 %, sedangkan kadar flavonoid tertinggi mencapai 303,642 ppm pada daya 440 W selama 90 menit. Analisis FTIR menunjukkan adanya pita serapan pada 300–3200 cm⁻¹ yang mengindikasikan gugus hidroksil (–OH) khas senyawa flavonoid.
Optimization Approach of Microwave Assisted Extraction Anthocyanins Pigments Butterfly Pea Flowoers (Clitoria Ternatea L.) Using OFAT (One-Factor-At-a-Time) Method Muhammad Daffa' Aththobarani; Anugerah Dany Priyanto; Andre Yusuf Trisna Putra; Luqman Agung Wicaksono; Nove Kartika Erliyanti; Renova Panjaitan; Caecilia Pujiastuti; Nova Triani
AGRITEPA: Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian Vol 12 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : UNIVED Press, Dehasen University Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37676/agritepa.v12i1.8268

Abstract

Optimization of anthocyanin pigment extraction from butterfly pea flowers (Clitoria ternatea L.) is an important focus to increase the efficiency of obtaining valuable active compounds. This study marks an initial approach in the application of Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) using 0.75% aquadest-tartaric acid solvent, with the hope of producing more stable anthocyanins. The main objectives of this study were to identify the effect of the solvent-material ratio, extraction duration, and MAE power level on anthocyanin levels (mg/L) through the One-Factor-At-a-Time (OFAT) method. The results showed that the optimal treatment was obtained at condition P17, with a solvent-material ratio of 1:15, an extraction time of 15 minutes, and an MAE power of 450 watts, which produced an anthocyanin level of 33.89 ± 0.47 mg/L. These findings confirm that increasing the solvent-material ratio to the optimal point contributes to increasing anthocyanin recovery. However, excessive MAE time and power can cause pigment degradation. The optimal ratio variables were found to be in the range of 1:15 to 1:25, extraction time 9–15 minutes, and MAE power 270–450 watts. This study is expected to be the basis for further optimization using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) method which allows for deeper analysis of the interactions between variables.
Co-Authors Achmad Baizuny Achmad Qodim Afandi, Fadila Ardiansyah Aiman A. Bobsaid Albiner Siagian Alfina Noviyani Amanda, Nabila Ayu Anataya Putri Azzahra, Firliandiva Andi Arninda Andre Yusuf Trisna Putra Andreansyah Brilliant Putra Anggiany Rizky Kosim Ansori Ansori Anugerah Dany Priyanto Ardika Nurmawati Ardika Nurmawati, Ardika Az-zahara Adelia Bambang Wahyudi Caecilia Pujiastuti Caecilia Pujiastuti Caecilia Pujiastuti Caecilia Pujiastuti Cintaka Natanaelli Dessy Ariyanti Dewi Novita Rachmayani Disty Nur Rohmah Djarwatiningsih Djarwatiningsih Djarwatiningsih Pongki Soedjarwo Djatmiko, Faiz Putra Dwi Setyorini Dwi Setyorini Dwi Setyorini Dyah Suci Perwitasari Efendi, Elene Afrisia Ellen Oktavia Hanim Najakha Erliyanti, Nove Erliyanti, Nove Kartika Erwan Adi Saputro Erwan Adi Saputro Faisal Amri Sholahuddin Fawwaz Rafi D Fazidah Aguslina Siregar, Fazidah Aguslina Ganing, Melani Hanif, Much Fahrizal Ian Yusuf Syaputra Indah Maharani Puspitasari ISNI UTAMI Kindriari Nurma Wahyusi Lucky Indrati Utami Lucky Indrati Utami Maharani, Hijria Putri Meisy C. Hutabarat Mochamad Dhani Dharmawan Muh. Nova Satria Muhammad Daffa' Aththobarani Mu’tasim Billah Mu’tassim Billah Najakha, Ellen Oktavia Hanim Natanaelli, Cintaka Nita Ayu Setia Ningsi Ni’matul Azizah Nova Triani Novel Karaman Nur Suroya, Nala Nurul Widji Triana Pujiastuti , Caecilia Pujiastuti, Caecilia Putra , Sandy Buana Putri, Nabilah Pratama Qodim, Achmad Ramjani, M Rifki Retno Dewati Sandy Buana Putra Sandy Buana Putra Saputro, Erwan Setyorini, Dwi Siswanto Siswanto Siswanto Moenandar Soemargono Soemargono Sri Redjeki Suprihatin Susilowati Susilowati Susilowati Susilowati Susilowati Susilowati Syafaatullah, Achmad Qodim Syahrani, Alza Nadilla Syaputra, Ian Yusuf Tasya Alya Azzahiro Variana, Yeni Variyana, Yeni Vini Fita Sari Wahyu Sugeng Bagus Satrio Wening Bekti Kusumaningrum Wicaksono, Akhmad Permadi Wira, Guardiola Rosa Zamzami, Muhammad Rifqy