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POTENSI PEMBENTUKAN BIOGAS PADA PROSES BIODEGRADASI CAMPURAN SAMPAH ORGANIK SEGAR DAN KOTORAN SAPI DALAM BATCH REAKTOR ANAEROB Ratnaningsih, Ratnaningsih; Widyatmoko, H.; Yananto, Trieko
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Universitas Trisakti Vol 5, No 1 (2009): JUNI 2009
Publisher : Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (216.998 KB)

Abstract

The research device to produced biogas from mixture the cow feces and fresh organic garbage, on laboratory with batch reactors. Biogas fixation on mixture of liquefied the cow feces and fresh organic garbage divided into five groups (1:0; 3:1; 1:1; 1:3; 0:1) by 4 liter substrates in 24 days, and analyzed by regression method. Measurement of another parameters is: C/N ratio, pH substrate, BOD/COD, Total Solid, and biogas composed. This result showed that the best volume of biogas have produced by unit ratio 1:1 (TS 9%; C/N ratio 9,7) as much as 1,03 liter biogas per liter substrate (12 l/kg TS), and 11,57% methane. Overall biogas have started produce in two days, by temperature 25,5°C – 28,5°C and pH beginning 5,32 – 6,25. Meanwhile the process have been reduction Total Solid as 17 – 61%, and reduction of BOD/COD each one as 25 – 40% and 23 – 52%. Poorly of biogas and methane production have been effected by lowest C/N ratio in each substrate (C/N ratio 9,2 – 10,3), so that the methanogenic process haven’t optimum. The problem effected on pH substrate when lowest in the end of process (5,89 – 6,42), this is showed that acetogenic process still turning. Source of lowest C/N ratio in cow feces (9,2) caused by waste of tempe and tahu that cows consumption, the consumption have been 22,7 kg/cow/day or 89% of total consumption per day. The research showed that biogas production had not on optimal condition, effected by lowest C/N ratio.   Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia:  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengolah sampah organik segar yang dicampur dengan kotoran sapi menjadi biogas, pada skala laboratorium menggunakan reaktor batch. Penentuan jumlah biogas terbaik terhadap pengenceran kotoran sapi perah dan sampah organik segar dilakukan dengan komposisi bahan campuran (1:0; 3:1; 1:1; 1:3; 0:1) dengan volume 4 liter dan waktu pemeraman 24 hari, selanjutnya dianalisis dengan metode regresi. Parameter pendukung yang diuji meliputi: C/N rasio, pH isian, BOD/COD, Total Solid, serta komposisi gas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah biogas terbaik dihasilkan oleh bahan campuran 1:1 dengan kadar TS 9% (rasio C/N 9,7), yaitu sebesar 1,03 liter biogas per liter bahan (12 l/kg TS), dengan kandungan metana sebesar 11,57%. Secara keseluruhan biogas terbentuk pada umur isian dua hari, dengan rentang suhu 25,5°C – 28,5°C dan pH awal sebesar 5,32 – 6,25. Disamping itu juga terjadi penurunan kadar Total Solid lumpur substrat sebesar 17 – 61%, dan penurunan BOD/COD masing-masing sebesar 25 – 40% dan 23 – 52%. Rendahnya produksi biogas dan kandungan metana disebabkan tidak sempurnanya proses methanogenesis akibat terlalu rendahnya rasio C/N pada masing-masing substrat (C/N rasio 9,2 – 10,3), sehingga proses dekomposisi anaerob dalam tiap-tiap reaktor tidak mencapai tahapan methanogenic sempurna. Hal ini berdampak terhadap derajat keasaman substrat yang rendah pada akhir produksi (5,89 – 6,42), yang menandakan masih berlangsungnya tahap acetogenic (tahap produksi asam). Sumber pakan ternak berupa ampas tempe dan ampas tahu merupakan salah satu penyebab rendahnya rasio C/N kotoran sapi perah (9,2). Konsumsi ampas tahu dan tempe mencapai 22,7 kg/ekor/hari atau 89% dari total konsumsi per hari. Penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa pembentukan biogas yang dihasilkan belum optimal, akibat C/N rasio yang rendah.
An Examination of The Protagonist in Pidi Baiq's Novel Dilan: Dia Adalah Dilanku 1991 Suparni, Suparni; Ratnaningsih, Ratnaningsih
Pulchra Lingua: A Journal of Language Study, Literature & Linguistics Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022): Pulchra Lingua: A Journal of Language Study, Literature & Linguistics
Publisher : Yayasan Kyadiren

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (76.729 KB) | DOI: 10.58989/plj.v1i1.2

Abstract

Novels are fictional stories that are created by human reflection on the environment and experiences. Within a novel, the author uses their aesthetic experience and creativity to arrange storylines and characters. Examining the characters within a contemporary novel can be intriguing as the main character may reflect the author's idealism and response to their own life. With this in mind, the researcher analyzes the novel "Dilan dia adalah Dilanku 1991" by Pidi Baiq, which has gained popularity among millennial youth. The novel follows the story of high school sweethearts, Dilan and Milea. The researcher focuses on the main characters, Dilan and Milea, and uses a descriptive qualitative method and content analysis to identify certain characteristics related to their characterizations. The study found that Dilan was a romantic, brave, stubborn yet intelligent male figure, while Milea was a loyal, loving, and firm woman.
THE INFLUENCE OF WORK DISCIPLINE AND COMPETENCE ON JOB SATISFACTION MEDIATED BY EMPLOYE PERFORMANCE AMONG PUBLIC AND PRIVATE KINDERGARTEN TEACHERS IN BANTEN PROVINCE Ratnaningsih, Ratnaningsih; Rustandi, Tata; Permana, Angrian
International Journal of Economy, Education and Entrepreneurship (IJE3) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): International Journal of Economy, Education and Entrepreneurship
Publisher : Yayasan Education and Social Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53067/ije3.v5i2.386

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the influence of work discipline and competence on job satisfaction, with employee performance as a mediating variable, among public and private kindergarten teachers in Banten Province. Performance issues posed challenges for organizations, requiring strategies such as improving discipline, competence, and satisfaction. The hypotheses proposed that work discipline and competence positively and significantly affected job satisfaction and performance, while job satisfaction positively influenced performance. Employee performance was also expected to mediate the effects of work discipline and competence on job satisfaction. A quantitative approach was applied using Slovin’s formula, involving 200 respondents from 401 ASN kindergarten teachers. Data were analyzed through path analysis. Results showed: (1) work discipline significantly affected job satisfaction (β = 0.334; t = 3.177); (2) competence significantly affected job satisfaction (β = 0.442; t = 4.830); (3) work discipline significantly affected performance (β = 0.441; t = 3.636); (4) competence had no significant effect on performance (β = 0.086; t = 0.887); (5) performance significantly affected job satisfaction (β = 0.444; t = 4.995). Employee performance mediated the effects of work discipline (β = 0.254; t = 3.082; p < 0.05) and competence (β = 0.235; t = 2.717; p < 0.05) on job satisfaction. These findings indicate that improving discipline and competence, supported by optimal performance, enhances job satisfaction among ASN kindergarten teachers in Banten Province.