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Porcine Derived Ingredients in Cosmetic Products and its Halal Authentication Method within Complex Matrices Nawwaruddin, Hazza' Hammam; Rohman, Abdul; Laksitorini, Marlyn Dian
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol 12, No 3 (2024): J.Food.Pharm.Sci
Publisher : Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory (LPPT) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.17717

Nowadays cosmetics are an important commodity and the market for halal cosmetics is seeing growth. Cosmetics that contain porcine-derived ingredients are typically the source of halal problems. Gelatin and collagen are porcine derivatives that are extensively used in cosmetics. Hence, verifying the presence of porcine derivatives in cosmetics by developing analytical methods is critical. Despite this urgency, determining porcine-derived components in cosmetics is challenging, since cosmetics are quite complex with variable matrix forms. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, there are only a few papers on developing porcine derivatives analysis in cosmetic items. This mini-review objective is to depict the current understanding of determining porcine collagen and gelatin in cosmetic matrixes. The findings revealed that the LC-MS/MS method is superior for determining gelatin and collagen sources in complex matrixes due to its sensitivity and accuracy. PCR and ELISA methods have challenges with the marker degradation problem since the derivatives undergo extensive processing conditions, thus lowering the methods’ specificity and sensitivity, especially in complex matrixes. The SDS-PAGE method applications are limited and the method is suitable for a relatively simple matrix. This review highlights findings that support future advancements in cosmetic analysis for halal authentication.

Application of PVP VA 64 and Poloxamer 188/407 in Solid Dispersion Technology for Improving Solubility of Valsartan Cahyani, Sulastari; Saifullah Sulaiman, Teuku Nanda; Laksitorini, Marlyn Dian
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 11, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Valsartan, Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) class II drug, exhibits pH-dependent solubility in the gastrointestinal tract, which increases at pH levels above 5. Its low solubility results in a bioavailability of only 23%, necessitating efforts to enhance it. This study aims to improve the solubility of valsartan using a solid dispersion system. Polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate 64 (PVP VA 64), a hydrophilic polymer, was incorporated to inhibit the recrystallization of valsartan, while poloxamer 188 and poloxamer 407, used as surfactants, aimed to enhance valsartan’s solubility and intrinsic dissolution rate. Valsartan solid dispersions were prepared using the spray drying method, and the optimal formulation was determined using the Simplex Lattice Design (SLD). The composition of PVP VA 64, poloxamer 188, and poloxamer 407 were optimized factors, while saturated solubility, melting point, and intrinsic dissolution rate at pH 1.2 and 4.5 as optimized responses. The valsartan solid dispersions were characterized using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Powder X-Ray Diffractometry (PXRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The optimal composition of the valsartan solid dispersion was 40 mg of valsartan, 100 mg of PVP VA 64, 10 mg of poloxamer 188, and 30 mg of poloxamer 407. The results indicated that the solubility of valsartan solid dispersion was 27 times higher than that of the pure drug. Furthermore, the intrinsic dissolution rate of the valsartan solid dispersion at pH 1.2 and 4.5 exceeded that of pure valsartan.

Monoclonal Antibodies Aggregation during Administration to Patients and the Role of Pharmaceutical Excipients Almira, Deta; Nurcahya, Bekti Meilani; Rahmawati, Fita; Laksitorini, Marlyn Dian
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol 13, No 2 (2025): J.Food.Pharm.Sci
Publisher : Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory (LPPT) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.21391

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are powerful therapeutic agents known for their high specificity and effectiveness in treating complex diseases. Yet, one of their major challenges is their tendency to aggregate, which can reduce treatment efficacy and even trigger unwanted immune responses. This review focuses on how pharmaceutical excipients can help prevent antibody aggregation, particularly during the drug administration process, a phase often overlooked. We conducted a systematic literature search using Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect, targeting studies on excipients and aggregation in therapeutic proteins. After applying the selection criteria, six original research articles were analyzed. The findings reveal that several excipients—such as L-arginine, polysorbates, trehalose derivatives, proline analogs, and cyclodextrins—can effectively stabilize mAbs. They work by reducing interfacial stress, minimizing protein–protein interactions, and preserving antibody structure during stress conditions like infusion or inhalation. These insights highlight the importance of choosing the right excipient based on the administration route to ensure antibody stability and therapeutic impact. By shifting the focus from formulation to administration, this review provides a practical perspective that can support the development of safer and more effective mAb therapies.

Goat Milk Casein Peptides as Potential α-Amylase Inhibitors: A Computational and Experimental Approach Sumlang, Gavriel Hagai Paulus; Handoyo, Rumaisha Lale; Laksitorini, Marlyn Dian; Astuti, Endang; Raharjo, Tri Joko
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.100223

Goat’s milk proteins can undergo hydrolysis during digestion, producing peptides that may inhibit α-amylase and help treat type 2 diabetes with minimal side effects. Identifying the amino acid composition of these peptides is essential for determining their inhibitory potential. Recent in silico digestion methods have been developed to generate specific peptides. This study aims to identify α-amylase inhibitory peptides from goat’s milk casein hydrolyzate using in silico digestion, followed by peptide synthesis and activity assay. Peptides were derived from goat’s milk casein hydrolyzed using in silico digestion. Molecular docking was employed to predict protein-peptide interactions utilizing the HADDOCK2.4 server, CABS-dock, and PepSite 2 server. Peptides EDVPSER and TNAIPYVR could inhibit α-amylase with IC50 values of 14.16 ± 0.65 and 76.58 ± 2.13 µM, respectively. In vitro evaluation confirmed that EDVPSER from αS1-casein exhibited α-amylase inhibitory potential. This peptide could be developed as a potential therapeutic agent for type 2 diabetes, offering a natural and targeted approach to α-amylase inhibition. Peptide EDVPSER may serve as a basis for further research and development of antidiabetic treatments derived from goat’s milk proteins.

Monoclonal Antibodies Aggregation during Administration to Patients and the Role of Pharmaceutical Excipients Almira, Deta; Nurcahya, Bekti Meilani; Rahmawati, Fita; Laksitorini, Marlyn Dian
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol 13, No 2 (2025): J.Food.Pharm.Sci
Publisher : Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory (LPPT) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.21391

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are powerful therapeutic agents known for their high specificity and effectiveness in treating complex diseases. Yet, one of their major challenges is their tendency to aggregate, which can reduce treatment efficacy and even trigger unwanted immune responses. This review focuses on how pharmaceutical excipients can help prevent antibody aggregation, particularly during the drug administration process, a phase often overlooked. We conducted a systematic literature search using Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect, targeting studies on excipients and aggregation in therapeutic proteins. After applying the selection criteria, six original research articles were analyzed. The findings reveal that several excipients—such as L-arginine, polysorbates, trehalose derivatives, proline analogs, and cyclodextrins—can effectively stabilize mAbs. They work by reducing interfacial stress, minimizing protein–protein interactions, and preserving antibody structure during stress conditions like infusion or inhalation. These insights highlight the importance of choosing the right excipient based on the administration route to ensure antibody stability and therapeutic impact. By shifting the focus from formulation to administration, this review provides a practical perspective that can support the development of safer and more effective mAb therapies.

General Public Knowledge on the Halalness of Herbal Syrup in Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia Utami, Nila Vidilia; Larasati, Savira Wahyu; Selalau, Waly Prakasa; Ghozali, Muhammad Thesa; Endarti, Dwi; Laksitorini, Marlyn Dian
JURNAL MANAJEMEN DAN PELAYANAN FARMASI (Journal of Management and Pharmacy Practice) Vol 15, No 3
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jmpf.95300

Background: Recently there is an increase concern regarding the halal certification of herbal medication. This is due to the potential use of alcohol in the extraction process as well as in the formulation of herbal syrup. Mueasurement of public knowledge regarding the halal aspect of herbal syrup containing alcohol has never been reported in Indonesia.Objective: The purposes of the study is to determine the level of public knowledge regarding halal aspect of herbal syrups in Indonesia, especially in Yogyakarta Province. Alcohol has been widely used in herbal products as a solvent for extraction. Trace of alcohol has been shown to be present in herbal syrup.Methods: 300 respondents from Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia from a variety of sociodemographic backgrounds were recruited. The study employed a modified paper-based questionnaire to collect the respondents' sociodemographic details and their level of awareness regarding the halalness of herbal syrups. The study employed descriptive statistics to examine sociodemographic variables and knowledge and used Chi-Square analysis to examine the correlation between demographic characteristics and knowledge.Results: The study suggests that the public has good knowledge regarding the halalness of herbal syrups (59.0%). However, around 41% of respondents still have low knowledge regarding the topic. The were a relationship between the age of the respondent and the level of knowledge (p<0.05). Respondents who are less than 45 years old tend to have a good knowledge of the halalness of herbal syrup while in the elderly population, more than 50% of the respondents showed a lack of knowledge on the topic studied.Conclusions: There are varying levels of understanding regarding the halalness of herbal syrups in the community. While the majority of responders have a good knowledge, a significant portion still do not fully grasp this concept. To increase public knowledge of the halal components in drugs, especially among the elderly, further strategies are needed.

The Development of Alternative Dosage Form for Creatine Monohydrate: A Floating Tablet Nur Hidayah, Arifatu; Ardiana Wati, Anas; Yuniarti, Nunung; Laksitorini, Marlyn Dian
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol 11, No 3 (2023): J.Food.Pharm.Sci
Publisher : Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory (LPPT) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.8284

Creatine monohydrate has been developed as a neuroprotective agent and can penetrate in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier. However, its delivery is hampered by its limited capacity of creatine transporter. The floating system is known to increase the residence time of drugs in the stomach; thus, the active substances can be absorbed more optimally. Therefore, this study is aimed to develop creatine monohydrate floating tablets by optimizing the proportion of HPMC K100M and NaHCO2 and evaluating the quality of floating tablets. The formula was designed Simplex Lattice Design method. Tablets were prepared by the wet granulation method and evaluated for granule and tablet parameters. The results showed that HPMC K100M significantly increased flow time, absorption rate, hardness, floating time, swelling index; decreased index tap, fragility, and floating lag time. Meanwhile, an increase in NaHCO2 significantly affects an increase in floating lag time. The optimum formula obtained was 18.87% HPMC K100M and 21.12% NaHCO2. Verification of the optimum formula showed that tablet parameters were not significantly different from the predicted formula. The studies suggest that this prototype can be developed to increase creatine residence time in the stomach.

In Vitro Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitor Metabolites of Chrysanthemum indicum Flower Represented by Molecular Networking Darsih, Cici; Azzizah, Rikka Nur; Siswanti, Dwi Umi; Laksitorini, Marlyn Dian
Molekul Vol 20 No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2025.20.3.12831

ABSTRACT. Chrysanthemum indicum flower is known as a Chinese medicinal plant and is consumed as a tea or food supplement. Several research reported the profiling metabolites of this flower using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) or Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (LC-MS). However, there is a limitation of those methods, which are the yields several formula obtained by searching in database based on parent masses so give less effectiveness identify of compound. This study aimed to identify the metabolites in the ethanolic extract of C. indicum using a de-replication strategy by coupling Liquid Chromatography Orbitrap HRMS with a molecular network approach. This study also evaluated the total phenolic contents (TPC) using Folin-Ciocalteu method, Fourier Transfer Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, while the scavenging activity against DPPH radical method was used to determine the antioxidant activity and the inhibition of α-glucosidase was conducted using α-glucosidase assay. The studies showed that there were diverse families of metabolites were putatively identified in C. indicum such as flavonoids and derivates, amino acids, fatty acids and derivates, phenol and derivates, terpenoids, and glucose. The detailed metabolites in extract were approached using application of molecular networking. In agreement with the molecular networking, the extract exerted strong antioxidant activity with % inhibition value of 76.20±1.35 at 100 µg/mL. Whereas, the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity showed good activity with % inhibition value of 83.04±0.52 at 50 µg/mL. The results of this study provide a new metabolite library for C. indicum ethanol extract as well as the confirmation of some of its biological activities. Keywords: Chrysanthemum, profiling metabolites, LC-HRMS

Review: Pendekatan Formulasi Sediaan SNEDDS terhadap BCS Kelas II, III, dan IV Sari, Isnia Sekar; Sulaiman, T.N. Saifullah; Laksitorini, Marlyn Dian
Majalah Farmaseutik Vol 21, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/farmaseutik.v21i4.98040

Latar Belakang: Self Nano-emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) dengan basis lipid yang mampu membawa zat aktif sukar larut dalam air, permeabilitas dan ketersediaan hayati yang rendah. Kombinasi komponen SNEDDS merupakan campuran isotropik yang stabil dan memberikan pengaruh pada pengujian sediaan. Karakteristik fisik dan stabilitas sediaan yang baik berbanding lurus dengan pengujian in-vitro dan in-vivo, dapat diartikan bahwa zat aktif dalam sistem SNEDDS dapat meningkatkan ketersediaan hayati oral.Tujuan: Review artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi terkait karakteristik fisik, ketersediaan hayati, dan stabilitas sediaan SNEDDS dengan natural oil sebagai fase minyak yang berperan secara sinergis dengan zat aktif.Metode: Penelusuran jurnal ilmiah diambil pada laman Sciencedirect, Researchgate, dan MDPI dalam kurun waktu lima tahun terakhir. Pencarian jurnal ilmiah dengan kata kunci diantaranya bio-active, SNEDDS, stability, bioavailability, anticancer, antiinflammation, dan antioxidant.Hasil: Jurnal ilmiah yang di-review menunjukan bahwa zat aktif berupa ekstrak hingga senyawa sintesis yang diformulasikan dalam sistem SNEDDS mampu meningkatkan ketersediaan hayati oral, stabilitas sediaan, dan karakteristik fisik.Kesimpulan: Self Nano-emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) dengan komponen yang sesuai mampu meningkatkan ketersediaan hayati, mencapai target terapi yang diinginkan, dan berpotensi sebagai pilihan terapi penyakit.

Comparative Physicochemical Characterization of Porcine, Fish, and Bovine Gelatin in Gummy Candies: Toward Halal Nutraceutical Development Laksitorini, Marlyn Dian; Darsih, Cici; Yuniarti, Nunung; Rumiyati, Rumiyati; Abidin, Mohammad Zainal
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 12, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Gummy candies have emerged as one of the most popular dosage forms for multivitamins and nutraceutical supplements, including those for brain health. Gelatin is the primary gelling agent used to achieve the gummy texture; however, the influence of different gelatin sources on the physicochemical properties of gummies has not been systematically examined. This study investigated the physicochemical characteristics of gummies prepared with porcine, bovine, and fish gelatin. The gummies were evaluated for mechanical properties (gumminess, hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, adhesiveness, and stringiness), color, water activity, antioxidant activity, and protein content. Additionally, the effects of intentional adulteration—specifically the addition of porcine gelatin to fish or bovine gelatin—were assessed. The results showed that gumminess, hardness, cohesiveness, and springiness were comparable across different gelatin sources, whereas adhesiveness and stringiness were highly sensitive to source variation. Notably, adulteration with porcine gelatin significantly altered those two parameters. These findings underscored the importance of verifying gelatin origin in gummy formulations, as source-related variations and gelatin adulteration could have a direct impact on product quality and performance.

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