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Instant broth powder of mutiara catfish (Clarias gariepinus) using the spray drying method as a natural flavor enhancer Diana Widiastuti; Siska Elisahbet Sinaga; Zahra Sahara Maharani; Eka Herlina; Ade Heri Mulyati; Farida Nuraeni; Fajar Anggraeni; Pham Van Hung
Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia (JPKIM) Vol 15, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1665.647 KB) | DOI: 10.24114/jpkim.v15i1.42347

Abstract

"Dumbo" catfish is a type of catfish that is widely consumed and cultivated. It includes the mutiara catfish (Clarias gariepinus) growing relatively fast and having a fairly high nutritional content. It can be used as a flavor enhancer in the form of instant broth powder. This research aims to determine the formulation and best quality of instant catfish broth powder products using the Spray Drying method as a natural flavor enhancer that the public likes and follows the Indonesian National Standard. This research was started by sampling the fish and separating the meat. Then, an analysis of fish meat, including a proximate test, was prepared and continued with making broth with different recipes based on the added weight of catfish meat (in percentage) with several spices used in several formulations: 75% (F1), 70% (F2), 65% (F3), 60% (F4) and 55% (F5) by boiling and mixing all the supporting ingredients according to the predetermined formulations. Next, the drying process was carried out using the Spray Drying method, followed by an organoleptic test to obtain a chosen formula and, finally, the quality of the instant Mutiara catfish broth powder product was tested. The instant powder (F4) was the selected product based on the organoleptic test, because this formula is the most preferred product by the panelists. The results of the analysis of physical, chemical, microbiological characteristics complied with SNI 01-4218-1996 concerning broth powder. In addition, the shelf life of this product with metallized plastic packaging was 1,028.24 days.Keywords: Broth powder; Catfish; Characterization; Shelf life
DEVELOPMENT OF COD (CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND) ANALYSIS METHOD IN WASTE WATER USING SPECTRODIRECT Ade Heri Mulyati; Leny Heliawati; Sutanto .; Uswatun Hasanah; Diana Widiastuti; Siti Warnasih; Yulian Syahputri
Journal of Science Innovare Vol 3, No 2 (2020): Journal of Science Innovare, Volume 03 Number 02 2020
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/jsi.v3i2.3006

Abstract

Increased human activities will cause various problems, one of which is water pollution in water sources because it receives a pollution load that exceeds its carrying capacity. In the context of environmental conservation, the government has set quality standards for liquid waste produced by various industries and other activities in a Decree of the State Minister for the Environment. COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) is one of the most important parameters in wastewater quality standards. This study aims to validate the COD analysis method which refers to COD Thermoreactor System (LOVIBOND brand) at Pakuan University Service Laboratory, to ensure the validity of COD analysis results at Pakuan University Service Laboratory. Spectrodirect COD analysis method provides results that meet the requirements of accuracy, precision, LOD, and LOQ which is quite good. The results of the Coefficient of Variation give good results with a value of 1.8841% indicating the accuracy of the analysis method is good. The accuracy parameter also gives good results and meets the requirements with a% recovery value of 98.70351%. Overall, it can be stated that the spectrodirect analysis method tested is an accurate, precise, simple, and economical method for determining COD levels
Utilization Of White-Meat, Red-Meat And Super Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus sp) Skin Waste As An Alternative Food Source Yulian Syahputri; Diana Widiastuti
Journal of Science Innovare Vol 1, No 1 (2018): Journal of Science Innovare, Volume 01 Number 01 2018
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/jsi.v1i01.679

Abstract

Dragon fruit skin, waste material (dragon fruit waste), will have a profitable sale value if it can be used as a food raw material. Dragon fruit skin waste contains relatively high dietary fiber so it can be used as a food raw material. This study aims to utilize dragon fruit skin waste for the manufacture of dragon fruit skin flour as an alternative food source. Some tests are made on white-meat dragon fruit skin, red-meat dragon fruit skin and super red dragon fruit skin. The preliminary study is the soaking of the three types of dragon fruit skin in two solutions, namely 0.1% sodium citrate and 0.1% sodium metabisulfite to prevent the browning effect on flour. Dragon fruit skin flour from the soaking with both solutions is then characterized physically, including its texture, color, flavor and rendement. The best physical characterization is followed by chemical characterization, including the contents of  water,  ash, protein, fat, carbohydrate, dietary fiber, minerals (Fe, Na, K, Ca and P), and also microbiological characterization of Escherichia coli, molds and Bacillus cereus. The chemical and microbiological characterization shows that the red-meat dragon fruit skin flour has better results than the white-meat and super red dragon fruit skin flour does. The red-meat dragon fruit skin flour contains 8.80% water, 0.20% ash, 2.35% fat, 7.69%, protein, 68,29% carbohydrate and 28,72% dietary fiber as well as 4.40 mg K, 8.76 mg Na , 0.65 mg Fe , 10.20 mg Ca and 32.58 mg P. Keywords: Waste, Dragon Fruit Skin, Dragon Fruit Skin Powder, Alternative Food Source
DEVELOPMENT OF COD (CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND) ANALYSIS METHOD IN WASTE WATER USING UV-VIS SPECTROPHOTOMETER Uswatun Hasanah; Ade Heri Mulyati; Sutanto .; Diana Widiastuti; Siti Warnasih; Yulian Syahputri; Tri Panji
Journal of Science Innovare Vol 3, No 2 (2020): Journal of Science Innovare, Volume 03 Number 02 2020
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/jsi.v3i2.3007

Abstract

The COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) analysis method based on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) is a revision of SNI 06-6989.2-2004, Water and wastewater - Part 2: Method of testing for chemical oxygen demand (COD) with closed reflux spectrophotometrically. This SNI uses references from international standard methods, namely Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 21st Edition, editor of LS Clesceri, AE Greenberg, AD Eaton, APHA, AWWA and WEF, Washington DC, 2005, Methods 5220 D (Closed Reflux, Colorimetric Methods). The purpose of this study was to validate the total method for testing chemical oxygen demand (COD) in water and wastewater with the reduction of Cr2O7 2- spectrophotometrically in the range of COD values of 100 mg / L to 900 mg / L measurements were made at a wavelength of 600 nm. and COD values less than or equal to 90 mg / L measurements were made at a wavelength of 420 nm. The results showed that the method SNI 06-6898.2- 2009  has good validation results including the r results obtained from the calibration curve equation of 0.998, a precision of 1.82%, an accuracy of 98.25% and LOD and LOQ of 12.27 mg / L and 25, 61 mg / L.
Antimicrobial Activity of The Ethanol Extract of Coffea canephora L. Seeds Against Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes Siska Elisahbet Sinaga; Matius Paundanan; Maharani Farah Dhifa Dg Masikki; Diana Widiastuti
Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry Vol 3, No 1 (2023): Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/helium.v3i1.7512

Abstract

Acne is a skin disease that causes humans to lack confidence in carrying out activities. Besides being sick, acne worsens the beauty of human skin. The cause of acne is gram-positive bacteria, namely Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes. Many studies reported that Coffea canephora L can inhibit the growth of bacteria. The objective of this study is to establish the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the ethanol extract of robusta coffee seeds in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The ethanol extract of C. canephora L seed was obtained by maceration method using 96% ethanol. The extract obtained was evaluated for its antibacterial activity using the agar diffusion method with perforation techniques. The extract was divided into five various concentrations (50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, and 3.125%). The results of this study indicated that the ethanol extract of coffee seeds with a concentration of 50% resulted in a wider diameter of the zone of inhibition of bacterial growth in S. aureus, 30.00 mm compared to P. acnes, 26.22 mm. The MIC of ethanol extract for S. aureus at 3.00%  while P. acnes was 6.00%.  In conclusion, the antibacterial effect of the ethanol extract of coffee seeds at 50% concentration was stronger against S. aureus bacteria than P. acnes. The greater the concentration of the extract, the wider the resulting inhibition zone.
Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Komposit Eugenol-Silika Gel dari Abu Tongkol Jagung serta Analisis Antibakteri dan Daya Serap terhadap Air Muhammad Fathurrahman; Usep Suhendar; Ani Iryani; Diana Widiastuti; Sherin Nurhafidza Ahmad; Esya Juniar
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 18, No 1 (2022): March
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.18.1.47161.10-18

Abstract

Tongkol jagung mempunyai kandungan silika yang cukup tinggi, yaitu 67,41% dari total abunya yang memungkinkan untuk dimanfaatkan untuk pembuatan komposit eugenol-silika gel. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pembuatan komposit eugenol-silika gel dengan bahan dasar abu tongkol jagung menggunakan metode sol gel, diikuti dengan analisis daya serap air dan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap E. coli dan S. aureus. Komposit eugenol-silika gel ini dikarakterisasi menggunakan Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) dan Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). Hasil karakterisasi dengan FTIR menunjukkan bahwa sintesis komposit eugenol-silika gel berhasil dilakukan. Analisis menggunakan XRD menunjukkan bahwa komposit eugenol-silika gel memiliki bentuk amorf. Karakteristik mikrostruktur menggunakan SEM menunjukkan permukaan yang tidak merata dan terdapat gumpalan (cluster) yang menandakan adanya bentuk butiran-butiran yang beragam berbentuk bulat atau globular pada permukaan komposit eugenol-silika gel. Analisis termogravimetri yang dilakukan sampai suhu 600 °C menunjukkan total prosentase pengurangan massa komposit eugenol silika-gel sebesar 13,10%. Daya serap air komposit eugenol-silika gel memiliki nilai persentase yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan silika gel food grade. Akan tetapi, komposit eugenol-silika gel tidak memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap E. coli dan S. aureus.Synthesis and Characterization of Eugenol-Silica Gel Composite from Corn Cob Ash and Analysis of Antibacterial and Water Absorption. Corn cobs have high silica content, specifically 67.41% of the total ash, possibly used for eugenol-silica gel composite manufacture. This study aims to synthesize eugenol-silica gel composite with corn cob ash as the base material by sol gel method, followed by analyzing water absorption and antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. The method used is the sol-gel method. This eugenol-silica gel composite was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The characterization results by FTIR showed that the synthesis of the eugenol-silica gel composite was successfully carried out. Analysis using XRD showed that the eugenol-silica gel composite had an amorphous form. Microstructural characteristics using SEM showed an uneven surface and clusters indicating the presence of various globular or spherical shapes on the surface of the eugenol-silica gel composite. Thermogravimetric analysis carried out until a temperature of 600 °C showed the total percentage reduction in mass of the eugenol silica-gel composite was 13.10%. The water absorption of eugenol-silica gel composite has a higher percentage value than food-grade silica gel. However, eugenol-silica gel composite has no antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. 
KARAKTERISTIK TEPUNG LIMBAH AMPAS KELAPA PASAR TRADISIONAL DAN INDUSTRI VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) Diana Widiastuti; Ade Heri Mulyati; Muthia Septiani
Ekologia: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Dasar dan Lingkungan Hidup Vol 15, No 1 (2015): Ekologia : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Dasar dan Lingkungan Hidup
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/ekol.v15i1.208

Abstract

Coconut processing industry produces a by-product or shredded coconut husks limbahberupa. The main advantage of the dregs of coconut food fiber  is high, which proved instrumental in the prevention and control of various chronic diseases such as colon cancer, heart attack, hypertension, stroke and diabetes mellitus. This research aims to produce products made from flour, coconut dregs have a good nutritional quality and food high in fiber so it is expected to become a functional food ingredients. This research use the sample waste dregs of coconut derived from shredded coconut seller in the traditional markets of coconut husks and waste from industrial Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO), then waste coconut husks that are washed, boiled, dried and milled into flour so that the coconut husks. Based on data proksimat the flour coconut pulp market has food and fiber carbs are lower while levels of protein, fat and vast grounds higher than the flour coconut husks VCO.Analysis of microbiological by-product of coconut flour shows VCO has sanitation and food security is better when compared to the dregs of coconut flour market. Key words: Waste, Coconut Dregs Of  Flour, Proksimat, Microbiology
SUBSTITUSI TEPUNG TERIGU DENGAN TEPUNG AMPAS KEDELAI PADA PRODUK COOKIES YANG KAYA AKAN SERAT PANGAN DAN PROTEIN Novy Nur Adhimah; Ade Heri Mulyati; Diana Widiastuti
Ekologia: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Dasar dan Lingkungan Hidup Vol 17, No 1 (2017): Ekologia : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Dasar dan Lingkungan Hidup
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/ekol.v17i1.811

Abstract

Soybean waste is one of the alternative sources of fiber which is a by-product in the manufacture of tofu and contains high crude protein. Fiber and protein are given in the form of soybean pulp with variation of 0-40%. This study aims to determine the addition of maximal soybean pulp that provides the properties of cookies that can be accepted by the public and to know the physical properties, microbiology, chemistry including food fiber. The best soybean dregs flour is without washing, steaming. Soybean flour without washing, steaming has 11.65% water content, 3.15% ash, 18.37% protein, 1.25% total food fiber, 0.94% insoluble food fiber, 0 soluble food fiber, 31%, lead 0.04 ppm, cadmium 0.005 ppm, and zinc 20.80ppm, total plate counts (ALT) of 2 x 102 kol / gram, E.coli 3 AMP / gram, / gram. Cookies C5 with the ratio of soybean flour and wheat flour (40%: 60%) are selected products, physical characteristics of soybean cookies include color parameters, aroma, crispness and flavor. The result of analysis of nutrient content of cookies obtained by water content 2,22%, ash 2.20%, protein 7.2%, total food fiber (TDF) 0.85%, insoluble food fiber (IDF) 0,51, soluble (SDF) 0.33%, zinc 25.60 ppm, lead 0.04 ppm, cadmium 0.005 ppm Total total plate count (ALT) of 25 x 10-1 cab / gram, E.coli 3 AMP / gram, mold 10 kol / gram. Key words : Food Disversivication, Soybeans, Cookies, Proteins, Food Fiber
POTENSI MINYAK ATSIRI BUNGA KENANGA (CANANGA ODORATA) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERIA DALAM SEDIAAN HAND SANITIZER GEL Eka Herlina; Diana Widiastuti; Akhwan Triadi
Ekologia: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Dasar dan Lingkungan Hidup Vol 20, No 2 (2020): Ekologia : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Dasar dan Lingkungan Hidup
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/ekologia.v20i2.2171

Abstract

Sumber daya alam yang dimiliki Indonesia akhir-akhir ini semakin banyak dieksploitasi sebagai bahan obat-obatan baik untuk farmasi maupun untuk kepentingan pertanian. Salah satu tanaman tersebut adalah tanaman kenanga yang bisa dimanfaatkan minyak atsirinya sebagai bahan antibakteri pada produk hand sanitizer gel. Minyak atsiri kenanga diperoleh melalui proses destilasi uap bunga kenanga, kemudian diuji identifikasi fitokimia lalu fisiknya dan kualitasnya meliputi bobot jenis, indeks bias, dan bilangan ester sesuai SNI 06-3949-1995 lalu diuji potensi aktivitas antibakterinya. hand sanitizer gel minyak atsiri bunga kenanga dibuat sebanyak 4 formula. dengan konsentrasi minyak atsiri bunga kenanga 5%; 2,5%; 1,25% dan 0,5%. Data yang diperoleh meliputi fisik, viskositas, pH, daya sebar, daya lekat, organoleptik dan uji aktivitas antibakteri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hand sanitizer gel dengan minyak atsiri bunga kenanga memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri S. aureus dan E. coli. Dari uji daya hambat disimpulkan bahwa hand sanitizer gel dengan konsentrasi minyak atsiri bunga kenanga 5% paling optimal yang memiliki pH 5,75; viskositas 4120; daya sebar 5,5 cm2 dan daya lekat 18,33 detik.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH BUNGA JANTAN KLUWIH SEBAGAI LARVASIDA NYAMUK Aedes Aegypti Ade Heri Mulyati; Diana Widiastuti; Putry Sri Ratih
Ekologia: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Dasar dan Lingkungan Hidup Vol 14, No 2 (2014): Ekologia : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Dasar dan Lingkungan Hidup
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/ekol.v14i2.213

Abstract

The breadfruit tree Artocarpus altilis species is a species that is often used fruit as a food source , while the stems and roots of this plant can be used as a medicinal plant. Around the area of Sukabumi, west Java people use the bread fruit tree flowers as a insect repellent. The purpose of this study is to determine the potential of breadfruit tree stamens extracts as larvicides against Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae and determine the optimum concentration of extract of stamens breadfruit tree which can be used effectively as Aedes aegypti mosquito larvicides. Determine larvicidal activity of stamens breadfruit tree (Artocarpus altilis) includes : sample preparation and phytochemical test , sextraction , larvicidal test , toxicity testing and data processing . Comparison test was done to compared the activity of the male flower extracts as larvicides with breadfruit tree abate powder against mosquito larvae , as well as the toxicity of the statistical test using the LC50.Phytochemical test results positive breadfruit tree botanicals stamens contain tannins , saponins , and triterpenoids . Water content in the crude drug obtained 12.04 % . Breadfruit tree extract of stamens is not harmful to humans . This study getting the LC50 of 0.25 % at phase n - butanol extract , and 1 % in the water phase extract. Key words : Waste, Breadfruit,  Aedes aegypti, Artocarpus altilis