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All Journal Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Media Ilmu Kesehatan Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Masyarakat Madani: Jurnal Kajian Islam dan Pengembangan Masyarakat Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Jurnal Info Kesehatan Nosipakabelo: Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Keislaman

Citra Indriani

Department Of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, And Population Health, Faculty Of Medicine Public Health And Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Author-ID : 606917

Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Dentistry Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Pola Spasial-Temporal Epidemi Demam Chikungunya dan Demam Berdarah Dengue di Kota Yogyakarta Tahun 2008 Citra Indriani, Anis Fuad, Hari Kusnanto
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 27, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Spatial-Temporal Pattern Comparison Between ChikungunyaOutbreak And Dengue Hemmorhagic Fever IncidenceAt Kota Yogyakarta 2008Background: Explosive re-emergence of chikungunya fever has been started since 2004 and affected millions people in worldwide i.e. Indian Ocean, India, Europe, Asia including Indonesia. On January 2008, 59 new cases of chikungunya fever was reported by the Kota Yogyakarta health office meanwhile the province laboratory had no capability to perform laboratory examination to confirm the diagnosis. Control measures were already taken, but it seemed not effective, cases were spread and increased progressively by weeks and non-vector born disease which has similar sign and symptoms was thought to be the cause. Based on the same vector withdengue hemorrhagic fever transmission, an ecological approach using GIS was taken to compare the spatial-temporal pattern between chikungunya and DHF.Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the spatial-temporal pattern between chikungunya fever outbreak and dengue hemorrhagic fever incidence.Method: This study was use ecological study approach which uses integrated GIS, remote sensing and statistic technique. We collected total of 802 chikungunya and 498 dengue cases in ten months (November 2007 – August 2008) and secondary data on environmental variable includes population density, vegetation density, building density, land use, larvae index and climate. Location of cases was obtained using GPS. Epidemic curve were plotted to identify the disease trend. Space time permutation was used to identify disease clustering.Result: Temporal trend analysis show similarity pattern between chikungunya and DHF, increasing trend was found few weeks following heavy rain. There were positive correlations between diseases and population density, building density. Chikungunya and DHF cases were tended to occur in residential land use which close to the commercial land use. Spatial-temporal clustering was observed on both diseases demonstrating variation in local infection pattern. There was similarity on disease cluster occurrence between chikungunya and DHFConclusion: We show spatial-temporal pattern similarity between chikungunya outbreak and dengue hemorrhagic incidence, nevertheless laboratory confirmation is important and should be provided. This study provides useful information for urban public health management. Further study is needed to develop model in vector born early warning system using GIS and remote sensing.Keywords: dengue, chikungunya, GIS, spatial-temporal pattern, environmental epidemiology

Evaluation of the dengue surveillance system during the COVID-19 pandemic in Gunungkidul Regency in 2021 Kamilia, Nadiyah; Utarini, Adi; Indriani, Citra
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 38 No 08 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v38i8.5006

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to pinpoint the gaps in the Gunungkidul Regency's dengue monitoring system's implementation. Methods: Using the descriptive design. In the Gunungkidul Regency, questionnaires were used to collect primary data from the Health Office, 30 Public Health Centers, 3 Hospitals, and 1 Clinic. The d engue surveillance system assessment standard integrates the surveillance system system concept from the 2001 CDC guidelines with the attributes (Simplicity, Data Quality, Data Stability, Representation, System Acceptance, and Timeliness) and d engue surveillance system standards by directives from the Director General of Desease control of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia in 2017. Results: Clinical criteria are used in Gunungkidul Regency to define dengue cases, whereas serological tests, such as NS-1, are rarely used there. Up to 4 (14%) of the health facilities had trouble accurately collecting reports of hospital suspicions, such as when the patient's residence was unclear and when they received treatment. According to 21 (70%) of the health centers, suspect reports were frequently collected from patients who had been admitted to hospitals outside the area. Notification letters were given to patients who had completed their treatment. The distribution of cases and the projection of an increase in instances cannot be accurately described using data from data management, as the data is not updated on a daily basis. Up to 15 health centers (50%) reported that hospital reports were frequently delayed. Conclusion: Weaknesses in the dengue surveillance system, particularly in the characteristics of simplicity, quality, data stability, and timeliness, contributed to an increase in the number of dengue cases from 2018 to 2020 in Gunungkidul Regency.

Thirty seven confirmed cases of coronavirus disease (Covid-19) from March-June in Yogyakarta City, 2020 Fitriani, Bhekti; Indriani, Citra; Susilawati
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine PHS7 Accepted Abstracts
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Objective: This epidemiological investigation reports a description of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Yogyakarta City from March-June 2020. Method: In this study, cases were people who confirmed positive COVID-19 using RT-PCR testing from March-June 2020 in Yogyakarta City. Demographic data, the onset date of illness, date of positive specimen, symptoms, comorbidity, exposure, and travel history were collected from Corona Monitoring System, connected to medical records in the hospital. We describe the data using percentages. Results: A total of 37 confirmed cases, 36 (97%) were cured. One case that died was a man, age groups 30-59 years old, with diabetic mellitus, fever, cough, shortness of breath, and diarrhea. The highest attack rate was male (68%). Cases by age group less than five years old (3%), over 60 years old (16%), and 30-59 years old (68%) as the highest. Fever (82%), cough (65%), and shortness of breath (24%) were the most symptoms. We found comorbid diabetic mellitus (86%) and asthma (14%). There were 10 out of 14 sub-districts in Yogyakarta City that have been infected. The highest number of cases was on May 3-9, 2020, because church clusters have been identified. We found 41% cases having a history of travel outside the Yogyakarta Province, and 24% was church cluster. Conclusions: From March 16-June 30, 2020, 37 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Yogyakarta City. History of travel outside the province of Yogyakarta was a likely risk factor of COVID-19 transmission. Enhance surveillance, contact tracing, mask use, hand hygiene, avoid crowded places are essential to contain the transmission.

Epidemiology investigation of typhoid incidence in senior high school X in Magelang District Ahmad, Nasir; Isworo, Adi; Indriani, Citra
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 03 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v37i03.1718

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the magnitude and cause of the outbreak, describe the outbreak based on person, place, and time, and implement control measures. Methods: This study uses descriptive epidemiology and looks for active cases to find additional cases. Cases included students with fever with or without further symptoms: dizziness, nausea, vomiting, headache, stomachache, diarrhea, and chills from September 28 to November 28. Data collection was carried out through interviews using a standard questionnaire. We took clean water, drinking water, and blood samples. The water sample was sent to the Environmental Health Laboratory, and the blood sample to a private laboratory in Magelang for an IgM anti-Salmonella typhi test. Results: The number of cases was 150 students. The highest attack rates were among women, 72/359 (20.1%), and first-year students, 139/381 (36.48%). The onset of the disease starts from 28 September to 26 October 2016. There are outbound activities on the river on 26 September, attended by all first-year and second- and third-year students, as part of the activity committee. This activity is followed by eating together before and after washing hands with soap. All cases attended outbound activities. IgM was positive in 51 students, and water samples were negative for Salmonella typhi. Conclusion: There was an outbreak of typhoid fever with 150 cases in schools from 28 September to 28 November 2016. The outbreak was caused by the lack of hand-washing with soap when eating. We provide medical and health education to students about typhoid fever. The recommendation is to make school rules about the behavior of washing hands with soap, and if you take a bath in the river, before eating, it is necessary to wash your body and hands with soap.

Adherence to health protocol after 3 months of emergency responses in community, cafe, and restaurant workers in Yogyakarta City: secondary data analysis of COVID-19 serosurvey in 2020 Fitriani, Bhekti; Prabandari, Yayi; Indriani, Citra
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 09 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v37i09.2233

Purpose: The aim of this research was to examine differences in adherence to health protocol between community, cafe, and restaurant workers. Methods: This research employed a cross-sectional design using secondary data from the 2020 COVID-19 serosurvey in Yogyakarta City. The inclusion criterion was respondents aged 19 years and older, while the exclusion criterion was respondents with incomplete data on the variables of interest. Effect size was calculated using the prevalence ratio (PR) derived from bivariate analysis with the chi-square test. Results: Bivariate analysis showed no significant difference in adherence to health protocols between the community and café/restaurant workers (95% CI: 0.99–1.12; p = 0.107). In the community, knowledge was significantly associated with adherence to health protocols (PR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.19–1.58; p < 0.001). Among café and restaurant workers, both age (PR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.07–1.29; p = 0.001) and knowledge (PR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.04–1.24; p = 0.004) were significantly associated with adherence to health protocols. Conclusion: Good knowledge can increase the likelihood of adherence to health protocols among community members, as well as café and restaurant workers. Therefore, education related to COVID-19 prevention should be provided to improve knowledge, especially among young adults.

COVID-19 cluster investigation after choir recording at Church X Bantul Regency in 2021 Nur Hayati; Puspitarani, Fitriana; Nugroho, Andri Setyo Dwi; Indriani, Citra
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine PHS8 Accepted Abstracts
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v0i0.3154

Objective: On 29 May 2021 PHC Imogiri 1 obtains information about a positive COVID-19 patient in their area. The confirmed case was attending a choir at Church X on 19 May 2021. An epidemiological investigation was carried out to confirm the existence of the COVID-19 cluster, describe the attack rate, and provide recommendations for future cluster control. Method: This study is a descriptive epidemiological study. The case definition is people involved in the church X recording process and their close contact with the results of laboratory tests using RT-PCR positive for COVID-19 in Bantul from May-June 2021. Data were obtained via E-form using a standardized questionnaire and direct observation at the church. Results: 28 participants consisting of 21 singers, 1 conductor, 6 multimedia teams involved in a choir. The indoor rehearsal was in a closed space with closed windows. There were a total of 57 including contacts and choir members with 42.1% tested positive. One case was hospitalized (4.2%), and three cases were isolated in shelters (12.5%). Most of the cases were asymptomatic (70.8%), and the most common symptoms were fever (12.5%) and cough (12.5%). The majority of cases were female (71%), belong to age group 25-34 years (25%), followed with 35-44 years (20.8%), and 55-64 years (20.8%). Attack rate based on the vocal range of Alto 2 (AR=100%) and soprano 1 (AR=83%). interviews with church councils during the recording process singers only used a faceshield as PPE. Conclusion: A cluster transmission occurred in Church X after a choir recording. The use of the mask is necessary during choir or indoor activity especially in a closed space with poor ventilation. It is also necessary for stakeholders to strengthen and emphasize the importance of health protocols, including using masks and avoiding gathering in large groups to control the spread of COVID-19 in a closed space.

Investigation of food poisoning on distribution of takjil in Tempel Sleman Ghilari, Yampa Eksa Daidella; Sriadi, Yoshua Natanael; Dharmawidjaja, Isa; Indriani, Citra
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine PHS8 Accepted Abstracts
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Objective: On 4th May 2021, Sleman District Health Office (DHO) received suspect food poisoning with 28 cases after eating packaged takjil were distributed on 2nd May 2021. The investigation was initiated to confirm the outbreak risk factor for control measures. Method: This investigation uses a cohort retrospective design. The case was the person who have one or more following symptoms diarrhea, abdominal pain, weakness, and fever after eating takjil on 2nd May 2021 in Krasakan village. The interview was conducted using standard questionnaires at-risk population and food handlers. The environmental observation was done in the kitchen of catering. Food and biological sample were sent to the laboratory. Results: There were 28 cases from 60 people who ate (Attack Rate: 46%) with dominant symptoms: diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weakness (100%). The incubation period was 7-33 hours with a median of 10 hours. Oseng tempe was food with the highest risk (RR= 6.09, CI= 1,5 -24,8). The environmental investigation found that contamination might have occurred as a result of poor processing practices such as improper food storage was potential risk contamination. We suspected Bacillus cereus as the main pathogen according to incubation period and mode transmission, but the laboratory showed different results, it can happen because the sample was sent 2x24 hours so the result was not adequate. Conclusion: There was a food poisoning outbreak from the distribution of takjil on 2nd May 2021 in Krasakan Village, caused by oseng tempe contaminated with Bacillus cereus. Contamination occurs due to improper cooking and storage. Implementation and training standard health and safety food handling need to be done for food caterer by District Health Office.

Epidemiological Analysis Person, Time, and Place Dengue Fever Cases in Magelang City During 2019-2023 Trisnawati, Erica Yunita; Indriani, Citra; Isworo, Adi; Wahyudi, Safaat
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Purpose: This study aims to explore epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever cases in Magelang City during 2019-2023. Methods: Monthly dengue fever cases from 2019-2023 were extracted from the dengue passive surveillance database at the City Health Office. Data was analyzed descriptively based on time, person, and place. Results: There were 992 dengue cases with a mean incidence rate (IR) of 158 per 100,000 population, and the highest IR was observed in 2019 with 359 per 100.000. The annual case fatality rate was 0.5%, ranging from 0% to 1.3%. Males (52,2%) were observed higher than females (47.8%), and most cases were aged 12-25 years old (36.9%), with elderly (>= 60 years old) only counted for 14 (1.4%) cases. Dengue was reported throughout the year across the village within the city, with the peak of dengue season observed in January and February. Most notifications came from private hospitals (21%), and primary health care contributes about 0.5% of case notifications. Conclusion: The dengue case in Magelang City has characteristics similar to other areas in which the most affected were children and has a seasonal pattern, with the peak number of cases found in January to February and all areas within the city being endemic.

Overview of Tuberculosis Case Finding in Kulon Progo Regency, 2021-2023 Sunaini, Ainun; Riswandi, Iwan; Indriani, Citra; Sugiarto
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v0i0.13545

Purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health problem in Kulon Progo Regency. Case finding is one of the key efforts to control TB. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of TB case finding in Kulon Progo Regency for the last three years (2021-2023). Methods: This study used a descriptive design using surveillance data from the Tuberculosis Information System (SITB) of the Health Office. Analysis by place and person was presented in tables and graphs. Results: There were 216 cases in 2021 (26% of the target), 317 cases in 2022 (32.6%) and 269 cases (45%) in 2023. Males accounted for 58.6% of the total cases. Most TB cases were found at ages 55-65 years (18.6%), ages >65 years (17.2%), and ages 45-54 years (14.9%). The highest number of TB cases with a total of 70 cases was found at the Wates Health Center. One of the strategies for case finding is through early detection of Contact Investigation (CI). In 2021, CI only reached 55.6% of the total cases that were CI (71.8% of the targeted number of contacts), in 2022 it increased to 72.5% of the total cases with the number that had been CI (51.7%). However, in 2023 the number of CI cases decreased to only 63.19% with 51.7% of contacts. This achievement is still below the target, which is 90% of TB cases should be contact investigated. Discussion: The average contact investigation per case is still below the WHO recommendation of 8 contacts per case. Cross-sector collaboration affects the success of early TB detection. Conclusion: TB case-finding efforts need to be increased to achieve predetermined targets. One of the efforts that can be made is the intensification of active contact investigation of TB patients in Kulon Progo Regency.

Investigation of a Foodborne Outbreak at a Breaking Fast Event in Gunung Gempal Village, Kulon Progo, 2024 Askhori, Samsul; Damayanti, Siska Yulia; Padmiyati, Eny; Indriani, Citra; Rahayujati, Theodola Baning
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Purpose: This investigation aimed to confirm the existence of a foodborne outbreak, identify the causative agent, and determine contributing factors to formulate control recommendations. Methods: The investigation followed WHO guidelines for foodborne outbreak investigation. A case was defined as experiencing one or more symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, dizziness, nausea, and fever after consuming a meal box at a breaking fast event on March 30, 2024. Data were collected using Google Forms sent via WhatsApp and through direct interviews with the community. An environmental investigation was conducted by observing the catering service. Results: A total of 114 cases (attack rate = 45.6%) were identified, with primary symptoms being diarrhea (42.8%), abdominal pain (26.8%), weakness (22%), dizziness (10.8%), and nausea (9.6%). The epidemic curve indicated a typical source pattern. Most cases were female (64%) and aged 19-59 (51.7%). The average incubation period was 9.5 hours (1-17 hours). Grilled chicken had the highest attack ratio of 2.7. Interviews revealed that 41% of cases reported the grilled chicken had an unpleasant odor, 25% reported an unusual taste, and 12% reported a mushy texture. Based on the incubation period, symptoms, and implicated food, Staphylococcus aureus was suspected as the causative agent. The processing of grilled chicken took 34 hours until consumption. Risk factors were inadequate food handling, high-temperature storage, long preparation time, and poor sanitation. No food, vomit, or stool samples were available for laboratory testing. Conclusion: A foodborne outbreak occurred following a breaking-fast event in Gunung Gempal Village. Consuming grilled chicken was a contributing factor. Training on food safety for catering services is recommended.

Co-Authors Abdul Wahab Adi Isworo, Adi Adi Utarini Askhori, Samsul Ayu Rahayu Budi Arianto, Budi Chusnaifah, Defriana Lutfi Damayanti, Siska Yulia Daniwijaya, Edwin Widyanto Dharmawidjaja, Isa DIAN ARUNI KUMALAWATI Dwinata, Indra Eggi Arguni Fitriana, Iva Fitriani, Bhekti Ghilari, Yampa Eksa Daidella Indah Nurhayati Iwan Riswandi Kamilia, Nadiyah khoiri, Umil Kuncoro, Teguh Tri Kurniasari, Irianti Lestari, Yulian Sri Lutfan Lazuardi Mochammad Novendri S Nasir Ahmad, Nasir Nugroho, Andri Setyo Dwi Nur Hayati Padmiyati, Eny Pramuko, Nida Budiwati Pujana, Wayan Purwaningrum, Nabhela Ayu Puspitarani, Fitriana Putu Cintya Denny Yuliyatni Rahayujati, Theodola Baning Rio Hermantara Riris Andono Ahmad Risalia Reni Arisanti Rosmawati, Elly Rovik, Anwar Saraswati, Utari Siswanto Agus Wilopo Siti Rahmah Sriadi, Yoshua Natanael Sugiarto Sunaini, Ainun Supriyati, Endah Susilawati Tri Baskoro Trisnawati, Erica Yunita Utami, Indira Diah Wahyudi, Safaat Wardana, Dwi Satria Warsito Tantowijoyo, Warsito Wayan Pujana Yayi Prabandari, Yayi Zhu, Ningxin

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