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Limbah jerami padi sebagai sumber N, P, dan K organik dalam pembuatan pupuk untuk produksi tanaman bayam (Amaranthus Sp.) Alhanif, Misbahudin; Astuti, Woro; Wardani, Permadi; Sufra, Rifqi; Auriyani, Wika Atro
Hexatech: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Hexatech: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik
Publisher : ARKA INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55904/hexatech.v2i1.709

Abstract

Indonesia adalah negara agraris yang memiliki hasil pertanian melimpah, salah satunya bayam. Akan tetapi, petani bayam masih diikuti oleh banyak kendala seperti teknis budidaya, hama dan penyakit, pupuk hingga pemasaran hasil panen yang masih tradisional. Disisi lain, potensi limbah jerami padi yang melimpah memiliki unsur hara penting yang dibutuhkan oleh tanaman, seperti Si (Silika), K2O (Kalium Oksida), P2O5 (Potassium Pentaoksida dan N (Nitrogen). Unsur-unsur tersebut akan hilang apabila dilakukan pembakaran. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini ditujukan untuk ekstraksi unsur hara limbah jerami padi dan memanfaatkannya sebagai sumber N, P, dan K organik dalam pembuatan pupuk cair. Penelitian ini memberikan hasil bahwa semakin lama waktu ekstraksi, dapat menghasilkan unsur hara yang lebih tinggi sehingga berpengaruh positif terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman bayam. Selain itu, pupuk organik cair komersial secara kimia memiliki kandungan nitrogen tinggi. Namun, pupuk cair dari limbah jerami juga memiliki potensi yang besar sebagai pupuk organik karena memiliki kandungan fosfor dan kalsium yang tinggi.
Incorporating silica synthesized from rice husk ash into a calcium oxide catalyst for biodiesel production Alhanif, Misbahudin; Mustafa, Mustafa; Kumoro, Andri Cahyo; Wahyono, Yoyon; Zaim, Hanif Fawwaz; Zahra, Nurul Afifah
Reaktor Volume 25 No.2 August 2025
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.25.2.58-69

Abstract

Biodiesel represents a promising renewable energy alternative to either substitute or be blended with conventional diesel, offering advantages such as a high cetane number, reduced sulfur (SOx) and CO₂ emissions, and greater environmental sustainability. The application of calcium oxide (CaO) as a basic catalyst in biodiesel production has been extensively reported. However, its catalytic performance is limited by its sensitivity to moisture, which can negatively affect the reaction rate. In addition, some of the Ca2+ ions in the catalyst can dissolve in the mixture of biodiesel and glycerol, causing product contamination. This study aims to combine a CaO catalyst from marble powder with sulfonated silica (SiO2) from rice husk ash (RHA) to enhance the distribution of catalyst particles, reduce crystallinity, and increase the surface area of the catalyst. This study was conducted through chemical and thermal activation of SiO2 from RHA, sulfonation of SiO2, thermal activation of CaO from marble powder waste, and impregnation of CaO/SiO2 catalyst with variations in CaO/SiO2 composition (25%:75%, 50%:50%, 75%:25%). The results showed that the purity of SiO2 and CaO obtained through chemical and thermal activation was 93.67% and 99.13%, respectively. The sulfonation process on SiO2 successfully added –SO3 groups at 36.5%, which supported the formation of acid sites on the catalyst. Characterization showed that the surface morphology was composed of particles measuring 2–8 µm with a dominant amorphous structure. The addition of SiO2 gave rise to new crystal peaks but decreased the crystal intensity, especially at the 50%:50% composition. The composition of CaO/SiO2 at 75%:25% showed the best physical properties with a surface area of 22.24 m²/g, a pore volume of 65.29 mm³/g, and a pore diameter of 11.74 nm, indicating high potential as a bifunctional catalyst for biodiesel esterification–transesterification.