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All Journal Chemica: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia dan Pendidikan Kimia PENA SAINS Al-Kimia Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Fullerene Journal of Chemistry Jurnal Abdi Insani Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan dan Sains CHEDS: Journal of Chemistry, Education, and Science Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar (JIPDAS) Jurnal Akademika Kimia
Mustapa Mustapa
Jurusan Kimia, Universitas Negeri Manado, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics Social Sciences

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Impact of Ferric Chloride–Induced Oxidation on the Physicochemical Characteristics of Chicken Fat and Its Biodiesel Maanari, Chaleb P.; Gugule, Sanusi; Fatimah, Feti; Rumengan, Stefan M.; Utami, Aisyiah R. P.; Mustapa, Mustapa; Sidabukke, Indah U. Br.
Jurnal Akademika Kimia Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24775185.2026.v15.i1.pp17-24

Abstract

Background/problems: Biodiesel from animal fats is vulnerable to metal-catalyzed oxidation that degrades fuel quality because of the unsaturated fatty acid content. This study investigates the oxidative stability and physicochemical changes of chicken fat and its biodiesel upon FeCl₃-catalyzed oxidation. Methods: Chicken fat was transesterified to produce biodiesel; chicken fat (CF) and chicken-fat biodiesel (CF-BD) were then subjected to an FeCl₃ oxidative condition. Acid value (AV), iodine value (IV), peroxide value (PV), kinematic viscosity at 40 °C, and density were determined using standard titrimetric and physical methods; FTIR assessed spectral changes. ANOVA compared group means. Findings: Oxidation significantly increased AV and PV for both matrices, with a marked PV rise in CF-BD (6.17 ± 0.29 to 88.17 ± 5.35 meq/kg), and decreased IV (CF-BD 84.3 ± 4.51 to 48.7 ± 4.32 g I₂/100 g). Viscosity and density increased modestly. Visually, CF-BD shifted from clear yellow-green to brown and turbid with sediment, consistent with polymer formation and methyl-ester degradation. FTIR showed attenuation/shift of ester carbonyl and aliphatic bands. Conclusion: FeCl₃-induced oxidation measurably deteriorates CF-BD quality, breaching key limits in ASTM/SNI for acid value and viscosity. Impact: Results underscore the need to control trace metals and apply antioxidant/metal-deactivator strategies in storage and distribution, and validate the FeCl₃ assay as a practical accelerated-degradation model for stability and additive screening.
Co-Authors Abdon Saiya Aisyiah Restutiningsih Putri Utami Berutu, Tania Fransiska Chaleb Paul Maanari Djois Sugiaty Rintjap Feti Fatimah Hasmiati Hasmiati Jakub Saddam Akbar Jenny Kumajas Kamaruddin Kamaruddin Mandias, Praisy Marlina Karundeng Miftahul Jannah Miftahul Jannah Muhammad Ali Zulfikar Musma Rukmana Nada Pertiwi Papriani Pieter, Nathaniel Dave Emmanuel Rauhe, Gilliant Meiralda Sanusi Gugule Sidabukke, Indah U. Br. Sidhabukke, Indah Utari Stefan Marco Rumengan Tengker, Soenandar Millian Tompunu