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The Urgency of the Indigenous Peoples Bill: Developing a Legal Framework for the Protection of Environmental Activists in Indonesia Wijaya, I Ketut Kasta Arya; Azhar, Ali; Ridwan, Muannif; Fikri, KMS. Novyar Satriawan; Siregar, Vivi Ariani; Siagian, Ruben Cornelius
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol 11, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v11i1.19762

Abstract

The research investigates the challenges faced by environmental and indigenous activists in Indonesia, focusing on how legal and institutional frameworks contribute to criminalization and repression. Using a qualitative case study approach, the research analyzed several landmark cases, including those of Daniel Frits Tangkilisan, Jasmin, and others, to identify recurring patterns of legal intimidation, particularly through the misuse of defamation and subversion provisions. These cases were selected based on their representativeness and relevance to broader trends observed in environmental conflicts involving indigenous peoples. The research identified systemic gaps in legal protection for environmental defenders by tracing the legal trajectory and socio-political context surrounding the incidents. These gaps allow industrial interests to suppress dissent and perpetuate ecological damage without adequate accountability. The findings demonstrate the interconnectedness of these patterns, exposing a broader legal and political landscape that fails to adequately safeguard human rights and environmental justice. The research contributes to academic discourse by offering a critical reflection on how existing legal instruments in Indonesia fail to address these issues. It argues that the passage of the Indigenous Peoples Bill could be an important step toward institutional reform by strengthening legal protections, enabling participatory resource governance, and reducing the criminalization of legitimate advocacy efforts. The novelty of this research lies in the analytical link between individual case dynamics and structural legal deficiencies, which provides a framework for policy discussions rooted in empirical evidence and grounded analysis.
A comparative study of numerical methods for estimating the relationship between cosmic energy and the expansion rate of the universe Siagian, Ruben Cornelius
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 8, No 1 (2024): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v8i1.82991

Abstract

This research aims to develop a numerical method that can accurately estimate the relationship between cosmic energy (E) and the expansion rate of the universe (H), taking into account the complex interactions between ordinary matter, dark matter, and dark energy. Numerical approaches based on Euler, Runge-Kutta, and Adams-Bashforth integration methods will be refined to evaluate the correlation. The limitation of this study is to a flat universe (k = 0 geometry), but it has the potential to be extended to other geometries. This effective numerical method can revolutionize cosmology by allowing accurate testing of cosmological theories and improving predictive capabilities. This study not only deepens our understanding of the behavior of the universe, but also opens up opportunities for further exploration. While there has been research on the Friedmann equation and the evolution of the universe, this study fills the gap by comparing three numerical methods, promising a more comprehensive and accurate analysis. This research demonstrates significant advances in cosmological methodology, with the potential to change the cosmological paradigm through efficient numerical approaches. By improving the understanding of cosmic energy and the expansion rate of the universe, this research not only contributes to the current knowledge of cosmology, but also paves the way for impactful follow-up research in this field.