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All Journal ILMU USHULUDDIN Jurnal Theologia An-Nida' Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies Wawasan : Jurnal Ilmiah Agama dan Sosial Budaya Syifa al-Qulub : Jurnal Studi Psikoterapi Sufistik Jurnal Studi Ilmu-ilmu Al-Qur'an dan Hadis Tashwirul Afkar IBDA': Jurnal Kajian Islam dan Budaya Religia : Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman International Journal of Religious and Interdisciplinary Studies
Mohammad Fahmi Abdul Hamid
Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), Malaysia
Religion Arts Humanities Education Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Public Health Social Sciences Other

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A Maqāṣid-Based Framework for Managing Religious Offense: Insights from the Prophetic Sirah Meerangani, Khairul Azhar; Abdul Hamid, Mohammad Fahmi; Nor, Muaz Mohd; Taufiqurrahman, Taufiqurrahman
International Journal of Religious and Interdisciplinary Studies Vol 3 No 1 (2026): March
Publisher : RaSAIL Media Group, Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64529/g0r96911

Abstract

Religious offense has become an increasingly volatile phenomenon in plural societies, often triggering polarized responses that oscillate between unconditional tolerance and uncompromising severity. Within Islamic discourse, the Prophetic model of coexistence is frequently invoked but is often reduced to selective narratives that obscure its contextual ethical logic. This study re-examines al-taʿāyush through a qualitative analysis of Prophetic responses to religious offense across both the Makkan and Madinan periods. The study aims to identify the ethical parameters governing these responses and to formulate a structured framework for analyzing religious offense in plural societies. Using qualitative textual analysis, the research examines a corpus of documented Sirah incidents drawn from classical prophetic biographies and authenticated ḥadīth sources that describe cases of insult, provocation, or hostility toward religion. The narratives were analyzed using thematic coding combined with a maqāṣid-oriented analytical lens. The findings show that Prophetic responses were not uniform but structured by identifiable parameters, including intentionality, public-harm thresholds, authority configuration, consequential assessment (maʾālāt), and balancing maslaḥah–mafsadah. These findings demonstrate that al-taʿāyush functioned as a context-sensitive ethical framework rather than a simplistic ethic of tolerance. The proposed parameterization offers an analytical tool for evaluating contemporary cases of religious offense in the public sphere while maintaining ethical coherence within Islamic normative thought.
TAWHID AND TOLERANCE: MUSLIM YOUTH ACTIVITIES RESPONSES TO THE INDONESIAN ULAMA COUNCIL’S PROHIBITION ON CHRISTMAS GREETINGS Aprilinda M Harahap; Ziaulhaq Hidayat; Mohammad Fahmi Abdul Hamid
ILMU USHULUDDIN Vol. 12, No. 2, December 2025
Publisher : Peminat Ilmu Ushuluddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/iu.vi.50785

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) fatwa on Christmas, particularly the prohibition of greeting Christians with “Merry Christmas.” It addressed two main questions, namely what is the content of MUI fatwa on Christmas, and how does the relationship between tawhid and tolerance manifest in Christmas greetings? To achieve this objective, a qualitative case study design was used. Data sources included MUI fatwa on Christmas and the perspectives of young Muslim activists on Christmas greetings. The results showed that MUI fatwa on Christmas and the prohibition of Christmas greetings were based on the 1981 and 2016 fatwas, further reinforced by sermons from North Sumatra and South Sulawesi MUI regarding Christmas greetings. MUI fatwa is derived from the Qur’an, Hadith, Usul Fiqh, and Ulama's opinions. The religious arguments referenced by MUI generally emphasize an attitude of hostility between Muslim and non-Muslim, while other normative sources that promote religious tolerance are not adequately referenced to provide a context for harmonious relations between Muslim and non-Muslim. Meanwhile, the perspective of young Muslim activists on the relationship between tawhid and Christmas greetings shows that there is no direct relationship between tawhid and Christmas greetings. However, the greetings can foster religious tolerance. MUI perspective on Christmas, particularly the prohibition of Christmas greetings, appears to be irrelevant to the context of Indonesian pluralistic society.
Co-Authors Ab Ahmid, Muhammad Iskandar Shah Abdul Halim, Amran Abdul Sattar Abdul Wasik Amran Abdul Halim Aprilinda M Harahap Ayub Wahyudin Hidayat, Aldi Hilyatul Auliya Ibrahim Adham Mohd Rokhibi Ichwan, Moh. Nor Ishak Sulaiman Ishak Suliaman Khairul Azhar bin Meerangani Khairul Azhar Meerangani Maliki, Noval Meerangani, Khairul Azhar Moh. Nor Ichwan Mohd Farhan Md Ariffin Mohd Farhan Md Ariffin Mohd Farhan Md Ariffin, Mohd Farhan Muhammad Adam Abd. Azid Muhammad Ikhlas Rosele Najahan Musyafak Nazahah Najiyah, Nur Laili Nabilah Nazar, Reza Fauzi Nor, Muaz Mohd Nurjanah, Dian Siti Nurkhanif, Muhammad Raharjo Raharjo Rukmana, Fachruli Isra Sharipp, Muhammad Taufik Md Suliaman, Ishak Taufiqurrahman Taufiqurrahman Wasik, Abdul Yumna Yuzar, Sri Kurniati Ziaulhaq Hidayat