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Journal : Journal of International Multidisciplinary Research

Implementation of Labor Law in the Era of Industrial Revolution 4.0 - Challenges and Solutions Bachrul Amiq; Wahyu Prawesthi; Noenik Soekorini; Hartoyo Hartoyo; Sri Astutik
Journal of International Multidisciplinary Research Vol. 2 No. 10 (2024): Oktober 2024
Publisher : PT. Banjarese Pacific Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62504/jimr912

Abstract

The Industrial Revolution 4.0 has drastically transformed global industries, introducing advanced technologies such as automation, artificial intelligence, and digitalization into the workplace. This rapid technological shift has presented significant challenges for labor laws, which are often designed for traditional work environments. This study explores the implementation of labor law in the context of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, analyzing the challenges faced by both employers and employees in adapting to these new technological advancements. Using a qualitative methodology, this research employs a juridical review of existing labor laws, supported by an in-depth case study examining how these laws are applied in technology-driven industries. The findings indicate that labor laws often lag behind the technological advances, leading to gaps in legal protections for workers and ambiguities in employer obligations. The case study highlights specific instances where current labor regulations fail to address issues related to remote work, job displacement due to automation, and workers' rights in the gig economy. Solutions are proposed to modernize labor laws, ensuring they are adaptable to future technological developments while safeguarding workers' rights. The study concludes that there is an urgent need for legal reforms to balance innovation with fair labor practices in the era of Industry 4.0.
Legal Review of Local Government Institutions in Papua under Government Regulation No. 106/2021 Billy Muskitta Bastian Erlando; Vieta Imelda Cornelis; Noenik Soekorini; Sri Astutik; Hartoyo Hartoyo
Journal of International Multidisciplinary Research Vol. 3 No. 9 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : PT. Banjarese Pacific Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62504/jimr1368

Abstract

The Province of Papua holds a special constitutional status under Law No. 2 of 2021, implemented through Government Regulation (PP) No. 106 of 2021, which assigns 23 governmental functions to regional authorities. The regulation embodies asymmetric decentralization intended to protect the rights of Indigenous Papuans (OAP) and address local needs. However, it raises legal concerns regarding ambiguous authority distribution between central, provincial, and municipal levels, as well as the unclear operational role of the Papuan People’s Assembly (MRP). The main research problem is whether PP No. 106/2021 provides a coherent and constitutionally consistent governance framework. This study applies doctrinal legal research using normative-analytical methods, including statutory interpretation, constitutional tests, and comparative perspectives. The findings indicate weak accountability mechanisms in managing Special Autonomy Funds, limited integration of customary law, and institutional fragility in newly established bodies such as BP-DOP and UPAP. The study concludes that PP No. 106/2021 does not fully align with the constitutional principles of legal certainty and decentralization. It recommends substantial revisions, strengthening MRP’s legal status, formal recognition of customary law through Perdasus, and an institutional blueprint with clear performance indicators to ensure effective, inclusive, and adaptive governance in Papua
Exoneration Clause in Freight Forwarding Agreements from the Perspective of Consumer Protection Indah Nuraini; Nur Handayati; Wahyu Prawesti; Hartoyo Hartoyo; Noenik Soekorini
Journal of International Multidisciplinary Research Vol. 3 No. 11 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : PT. Banjarese Pacific Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62504/jimr1400

Abstract

Freight forwarding agreements in Indonesia frequently contain exoneration clauses that exempt logistics providers from liability for loss or damage, raising serious concerns regarding consumer protection. While such clauses are designed to manage contractual risk, they often conflict with the principles enshrined in Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection (UUPK), particularly those ensuring fairness, good faith, and legal accountability. This study investigates the legality and ethical implications of exoneration clauses within standard-form freight forwarding contracts used by companies such as JNE, TIKI, and SiCepat. Employing a doctrinal legal research methodology, the study integrates statutory, conceptual, and case-based approaches to analyze primary legislation, judicial decisions, and relevant legal doctrines. It critically evaluates the use of these clauses in light of consumer rights, contract theory, and the economic impact on service quality. Findings reveal that exoneration clauses not only contravene the UUPK but also create systemic contractual imbalances due to the lack of negotiation opportunities and transparency. The study proposes a normative legal framework for reform, including clause classification, interactive consent mechanisms, and regulatory enforcement to ensure contractual fairness. This research contributes to both legal scholarship and policy development by highlighting the urgent need for doctrinal clarity and regulatory oversight in Indonesia's logistics sector.
Constitutionality Testing of Presidential Candidacy Thresholds in Elections Based on the Principle of Popular Sovereignty Munir; Noenik Soekorini; Sri Astutik; Vieta Imelda Cornelis; Bachrul Amiq
Journal of International Multidisciplinary Research Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Januari 2026
Publisher : PT. Banjarese Pacific Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62504/jimr1421

Abstract

This study critically examines the constitutionality of Indonesia’s presidential candidacy threshold under Article 222 of Law No. 7 of 2017 in relation to the principle of popular sovereignty in Article 1(2) of the 1945 Constitution. The threshold requiring a party or coalition to hold 20% of DPR seats or 25% of the popular vote has been controversial for limiting voter choice and reinforcing oligarchic dominance. Using a normative legal research method, the study applies doctrinal interpretation through grammatical, systematic, historical, and teleological approaches to evaluate whether the threshold is consistent with constitutional democracy. The analysis identifies a disconnect between the legislative rule and the constitutional concept of sovereignty residing with the people, informed by theories of democracy, sovereignty, and progressive legal thought. While procedurally legitimate, the threshold lacks substantive constitutional validity because of its exclusionary impact on political participation. The study proposes four reform options: repeal, proportional adjustment, judicial reinterpretation, and constitutional amendment. These reforms would realign electoral rules with democratic principles and restore voters’ political agency. A doctrinal reinterpretation model is offered, framing the threshold as a regulatory instrument rather than a rigid barrier, advocating a legal structure that promotes inclusivity and reflects the people’s general will.