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Journal : Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering

Lampung Natural Zeolite Dopped with of ZnO-TiO2 Metal Oxide as Catalyst for Biodiesel Production Al Muttaqii, Muhammad; Marbun, Maja Pranata; Priyanto, Sugeng; Sibuea, Andreas; Simanjuntak, Wasinton; Syafaat AM, Fuad; Silalahi Raja, Havier Samuel Huttur; Alviany, Riza; Maryani, Tri; Sulistyaningsih, Triastuti; Prasetyo, Erik; Sudibyo, Sudibyo; Yati, Indri
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2024: BCREC Volume 19 Issue 1 Year 2024 (April 2024)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20038

Abstract

Research has been carried out on making biodiesel from palm oil using natural zeolite catalysts impregnated with metal oxides such as zinc oxide and titanium oxide. This research aims to produce biodiesel using natural zeolite and ZnO-TiO2/NZ catalysts. The catalysts were analyzed using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET). The catalyst was tested in the transesterification reaction to produce biodiesel. The mole oil and methanol ratio varied from 1:15, 1:18, and 1:20. In addition, the biodiesel product was analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). The results showed the optimum condition for converting triglycerides to 1:18 variation of oil:methanol was 60.53%using a ZnO-TiO2/NZ catalyst. The ZnO-TiO2/NZ catalyst is very promising for use as a catalyst for converting palm oils into biodiesel.
The Effect of Solvent on the Characteristics of FeBTC MOF as a Potential Heterogenous Catalyst Prepared via Green Mechanochemical Process Yati, Indri; Ridwan, Muhammad; Padella, Franco; Pentimalli, Marzia
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2024: BCREC Volume 19 Issue 1 Year 2024 (April 2024)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20115

Abstract

In this study, the synthesis of FeBTC (BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate) also known as MIL-100 (Fe) metal organic framework (MOF) has been carried out successfully using green mechanochemical method (neat grinding and liquid assisted grinding). The effect of solvent used in the synthesis was investigated for the first time to elucidate the physicochemical properties of FeBTC including crystal structure, thermal stability, pore size and specific surface area. The physicochemical properties of all FeBTC obtained in this study were compared to commercial FeBTC (Basolite F-300), characterized using powder X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and nitrogen physisorption isotherms. All Fe-BTC MOF synthesized in this study showed improved textural properties compared to commercial Basolite F-300 such as higher crystallinity, higher surface area and larger pore size. It was found that the best synthesis method was by using the mixture of ethanol and water with equal volume ratio as solvent. The highest BET surface area of FeBTC synthesized using this method was 972 m2/g for FeBTC-EtOH/H2O. This value is 2.3 times higher than the surface area of commercial Basolite F-300 (418 m2/g). FeBTC with higher surface area is expected to have higher catalytic activity which makes this FeBTC an excellent candidate as a heterogenous catalyst for many reactions such as aldol condensation or esterification reaction. Copyright © 2024 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Catalytic Performance of Cu-Ni supported on Rice Husk Ash-derived SiO2 for the Hydrogenation of Ethylene Carbonate to Ethylene Glycol Maharani, Najiah Sephia; Rahmawati, Novia Dwi; Aziz, Isalmi; Maryati, Yati; Agustian, Egi; Widjaya, Robert Ronal; Yati, Indri; Prasetyo, Joni; Rinaldi, Nino; Dwiatmoko, Adid Adep
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2025: BCREC Volume 20 Issue 1 Year 2025 (April 2025)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20336

Abstract

Ethylene glycol, a crucial compound extensively utilized in solvents, coolants, antifreeze, polyester fiber production, and as a natural gas-drying agent, can be synthesized via the hydrogenation of ethylene carbonate. In this study, the synthesis, characterization, and catalytic performance of Cu-Ni/SiO2 catalysts for this reaction, utilizing silica (SiO2) derived from rice husk ash, were investigated. Silica was impregnated with copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) by varying the weight ratio (Cu:Ni = 10, 7:3, 3:7, 10) to prepare bimetallic catalysts. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the presence of both Cu and Ni phases in all the catalysts. The 3Cu7Ni/SiO2 catalyst displayed the lowest reduction temperature and the largest surface area (257.97 m²/g). The 7Cu3Ni/SiO2 catalyst exhibited the highest acidity (1.91 mmol/g) and superior metal dispersion, as confirmed by the Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy - Energy Dispersive X-Ray (FE-SEM-EDX) analysis. Catalytic activity was evaluated in a batch reactor under 40 bar H2 pressure at 150 °C for 3 h with a catalyst-to-ethylene carbonate ratio of 5:1. Among the catalysts examined, the 7Cu-3Ni/SiO2 composition demonstrated the highest catalytic performance, achieving 15.14% conversion of ethylene carbonate and 80.51% selectivity towards ethylene glycol. Copyright © 2025 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Nickel-Lanthanum Impregnated into Natural Zeolite as a Catalyst for Biofuel Production from Sunflower Oil via Hydrocracking Process Santiko, Erik Budi; Fauziah, Sarah; Priyanto, Sugeng; Yustinah, Yustinah; Marlinda, Lenny; Sudibyo, Sudibyo; Aziz, Abdul; Oktiarmi, Peri; Yati, Indri; Al Muttaqii, Muhammad
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2026: BCREC Volume 21 Issue 1 Year 2026 (April 2026)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20503

Abstract

The increasing demand for crude oil or fossil fuel as a raw material for oil fuel has been steadily rising over time in line with the development that is taking place in Indonesia. However, biofuels are potential vegetable fuels that can be developed as alternative energy because they are renewable and can be renewed to overcome the energy crisis in the future. For this purpose, a double metal catalyst (impregnated with nickel and lanthanum), is used to make biofuels from sunflower seed oil. The effect of metal ratio on the yield of biofuel products is the concern in this study. The temperature of hydrocracking process was 250-330 ℃ with ratio of metal 5% and 10% (metal ratio 1:1 and 1:2). X-ray diffraction (XRD) shows that natural zeolite has a clinoptilolite phase, X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) shows that acid and base activation increases the Si/Al ratio from 4.5 to 5, Scanning Electron Microscope – Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX) shows images of natural zeolite surfaces in the form of aggregate pieces, and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) shows that acid and base activation increases SBET from 29.96 to 49.73 m2/g and forms a hierarchical natural zeolite. The impregnation of Ni-La/Zeolite catalyst has been successfully carried out using the incipient wetness impregnation method and the best catalyst results were obtained, namely Ni-La/Zeolite 10% (1:2) with a surface area of 15.33 m2/gS. The addition of Nickel and Lanthanum metals caused a decrease in the surface area and average pore diameter of the zeolite. The lowest surface area and average pore diameter were found in the variation of the Ni-La/Zeolite 10% (1:2) catalyst, namely 15.33 m2/g and 13.99 nm. The highest hydrocarbon yield was found in the hydrocracking process with the Ni-La/Zeolite 10% (1:1) catalyst with gasoline, kerosene and gasoil fractions of 0.91; 0.39 and 8.32 (%wt), respectively. The hydrocarbon compound composition of the catalyst includes n-paraffin 4.43%, isoparaffin 0.21%, cycloparaffin 2.99% and olefin 2.71%. Copyright © 2026 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).