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All Journal Marine Fisheries: Jurnal Teknologi dan Manajemen Perikanan Laut Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan dan Perikanan Indonesia Saintek Perikanan : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology BioWallacea Journal of Biological Research Jurnal Sains dan Inovasi Perikanan/Journal of Fishery and Innovation (JSIPi) Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (Indonesian Journal of Community Engagement) Jurnal Manajemen Sumber Daya Perairan Aceh Journal of Animal Science Jurnal Biologi Tropis Jurnal Pengelolaan Perikanan Tropis (Journal Of Tropical Fisheries Management) Juvenil: Jurnal Ilmiah Kelautan dan Perikanan Indonesian Journal of Mollusk Welvaart : Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial Joong-Ki Jurnal Kesejahteraan dan Pelayanan Sosial Jurnal Perikanan
Bahtiar, .
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Library & Information Science Social Sciences Veterinary

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Mortalitas dan Tingkat Eksploitasi Ikan Kurisi (Nemipterus hexodon, Quoy dan Gaimard, 1824) Di Perairan Teluk Kolono Kabupaten Konawe Selatan Sulawesi Tenggara Neni, Neni; Bahtiar, Bahtiar; Mustafa, Ahmad
Jurnal Manajemen Sumber Daya Perairan Vol 5, No 3 (2020): Agustus 2020
Publisher : Jurnal Manajemen Sumber Daya Perairan

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Abstract

Populasi  ikan kurisi (Nemipterus hexodon) di Teluk Kolono mengalami penangkapan yang cukup intensif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sebaran ukuran, mortalitas dan tingkat eksploitasi ikan kurisi (Nemipterus hexodon) di perairan Teluk Kolono. Pengambilan contoh dilakukan setiap dua minggu selama bulan Februari sampai April 2019 dengan menggunakan rawai dasar. Selama periode penelitian diperoleh sebanyak 500 individu ikan sampel dan seluruhnya diukur panjang totalnya (TL). Analisis sebaran frekuensi panjang, mortalitas dan tingkat eksploitasi dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak Microsoft Excels dan Fisat II versi 3.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan kurisi yang diperoleh berada pada selang ukuran 124-256 mm dengan frekuensi terbesar pada kelas panjang 154-183 mm (kelas ke-2 dan 3). Nilai koefisien mortalitas alami = 0,71 dan mortalitas penangkapan = 1,49. Tingkat eksploitasi saat ini mencapai 0,68. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan gambaran bahwa kematian ikan kurisi di perairan Teluk Kolono lebih didominasi oleh kematian akibat kegiatan penangkapan dan mengindikasikan telah terjadi lebih tangkap.Kata kunci :  frekuensi panjang, mortalitas, eksploitasi, Nemipterus hexodon, Teluk Kolono
Tingkat Eksploitasi Cacing Kacang (Siphonosoma australe-australe) di Perairan Toronipa Kecamatan Soropia Kabupaten Konawe Sulawesi Tenggara Wati, Widia; Bahtiar, Bahtiar; Purnama, Muhammad Fajar
Jurnal Manajemen Sumber Daya Perairan Vol 6, No 1: Februari 2021
Publisher : Jurnal Manajemen Sumber Daya Perairan

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Abstract

Perairan Toronipa memiliki potensi sumber daya yang  melimpah, salah satu sumber daya yang sering dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat setempat adalah cacing kacang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat eksploitasi cacing kacang (Siphonosoma australe-australe). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Perairan Toronipa Kabupaten Konawe Sulawesi Tenggara mulai bulan Juni-Agustus 2020. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara manual mengunakan metode random sampling, pada sebaran habitat dari cacing kacang dengan menggunakan alat bantu sekop tangan. Total sampel yang terkumpul selama penelitian sebanyak 339 individu. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan FiSAT II versi 3.0. Sebaran frekuensi panjang cacing kacang dikelompokkan dalam 9 kelompok ukuran dengan ukuran yang mendominasi adalah ukuran panjang 199,7-239,58 mm. Parameter pertumbuhan cacing kacang diperoleh panjang asimtotik (L∞) sebesar 440,06 mm dan koefisien pertumbuhan (K) cacing kacang yaitu 1,7. Nilai dugaan to sebesar -0,04 tahun. Laju mortalitas alami (M), mortalitas penangkapan (F) dan mortalitas total (Z) masing-masing sebesar 1,25 per tahun, 3,85 per tahun dan 5,10 per tahun. Tingkat eksploitasi (E) diperoleh sebesar 0,78 per tahun yang menunjukkan bahwa penangkapan cacing kacang di perairan Toronipa tergolong tinggi (over exploited).Kata kunci: Perairan Toronipa, Siphonosoma australe-australe, tingkat eksploitasi
PERTUMBUHAN, KEMATIAN DAN TINGKAT EKSPLOITASI KERANG POKEA (BATISSA VIOLACEA VAR. CELEBENSIS, VON MARTENS 1897) PADA SEGMEN MUARA SUNGAI LASOLO SULAWESI TENGGARA . Bahtiar; La Anadi; Wa Nurgayah; . Emiyarti; Harmin Hari
Marine Fisheries : Journal of Marine Fisheries Technology and Management Vol. 7 No. 2 (2016): Marine Fisheries: Jurnal Teknologi dan Manajemen Perikanan Laut
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (684.236 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jmf.7.2.137-147

Abstract

ABSTRACTPokeas (Batissa violacea var. celebensis, von Martens 1897) are economic Sulawesi’s clam which production has continued to decline in line with the increase in fishing activities. This study aimed to determine the parameters of growth, mortality and exploitation level of pokea at estuary segment  in  Lasolo  River,  Southeast  Sulawesi.  The  results  of  this  study  are  expected  to  be  a reference in the management of pokea resources in Southeast Sulawesi. Data segregation for age group, growth, mortality (natural, catches and total) and the degree of exploitation were analized by  Bhattacharya  method,  inverse  model  von  Bertalanffy,  length  converted  catch  curve  and empirical  Pauly,  that  accommodated  in  FiSAT  II  version  1.1.3.  Results  showed  that  male  and female  pokea  were  distributed  as  juvenile,  adult  to  broodstock,  dominated  by  adult.  The  growth pattern  (Lt)  of  male  and  female,  was  =  6.46-(6.46-0.025)e-2.8t and  Lt  =  7.79-(7.79-0.025)e-0.5t,respectively. Natural mortality (M), fishing mortality (F) and total mortality (Z) in males were found higher than females. In general, the utilization level of pokea in the Lasolo river has experienced over exploitation.Keywords: clam, Lasolo River, management resources, pokea, Southeast SulawesiABSTRAKKerang  pokea  (Batissa  violacea  var.  celebensis,  von  Martens  1897)  merupakan  kerang ekonomis  dari  Sulawesi  yang  produksinya  terus  mengalami  penurunan  sejalan  dengan peningkatan  aktivitas  pengambilannya  di  alam.  Penelitian  ini  bertujuan  untuk  mengetahui parameter pertumbuhan, kematian dan tingkat eksploitasi kerang pokea di segmen muara SungaiLasolo  Sulawesi  Tenggara.   Hasil  penelitian  ini  diharapkan  dapat  dijadikan  rujukan  dalam pengelolaan sumberdaya kerang pokea di Sulawesi  Tenggara. Data pemisahan kelompok umur, pertumbuhan,  kematian  (alami,  tangkapan  dan  total)  dan  tingkat  eksploitasi  masing-masing menggunakan  metode  Bhattacharya,  model  inverse  von  Bertalanffy,  hasil  tangkapan  yang dikonversi dari data lebar cangkang dan empiris Pauly yang terakomodasi dalam program FiSAT II versi  1.1.3.   Hasil  penelitian  menunjukkan  bahwa  pokea  jantan  dan  betina  tersebar  dari  ukuran anak, dewasa dan tua yang didominasi pada ukuran dewasa. Pola pertumbuhan jantan dan betina masing-masing yaitu: Lt = 6.46-(6.46-0.025)e-2.8t dan Lt = 7.79-(7.79-0.025)e-0.5t . Kematian pokea  tertinggi  secara  alami  (M),  penangkapan  (F)  dan  total  (Z)  pada  jantan  ditemukan  lebih  tinggi dibandingkan kematian pada pokea betina. Secara umum, tingkat pemanfaatan kerang pokea di Sungai Lasolo telah mengalami lebih tangkap.Kata kunci: kerang, Sungai Lasolo, manajemen sumberdaya, pokea, Sulawesi Tenggara
KAJIAN ASPEK PERTUMBUHAN POPULASI POKEA (Batissa violacea celebensis Martens, 1897) DI SUNGAI POHARA SULAWESI TENGGARA Bahtiar ,; Fredinan Yulianda; Isdradjat Setyobudiandi
Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan dan Perikanan Indonesia Vol. 15 No. 1 (2008): Juni 2008
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

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Abstract

Pokea merupakan bivalvia endemik Sulawesi dan bernilai  ekonomis penting bagi masyarakat Kota Kendari. Penambangan pasir dan penangkapan pokea di duga sebagai salah satu faktor penyebab menurunnya kualitas dan kuantitas pokea. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan populasi pokea di lokasi penambangan pasir, lokasi penangkapan pokea dan habitat alamiahnya. Penarikan contoh pokea dilakukan di lapangan dan analisis pokea (panjang) dilaksanakan di laboratorium. Penarikan contoh dilakukan selama 3 bulan dengan ulangan setiap minggu (12 kali). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif dan dengan menggunakan program FiSAT 2002. Panjang cangkang pokea yang ditemukan berkisar antara 0.9-6.3 cm dengan rata-rata 3.31 ± 0.99 cm yang tersebar dalam 1-3 kelompok ukuran. Pertumbuhan populasi pokea tercepat ditemukan di habitat alamiah (stasiun I) dengan nilai koefisien 0.87 dan terendah ditemukan pada lokasi penambangan pasir (stasiun II) dengan nilai koefisien 0.44. Panjang takhingga (L∞) tertinggi ditemukan pada daerah dekat muara (stasiun IV) dengan nilai 6.59 cm dan terendah ditemukan di daerah penangkapan pokea. (stasiun III) dengan nilai 4.79 cm. Hasil ini menunjukan bahwa eksploitasi dan aktivitas penangkapan mempengaruhi kualitas pertumbuhan populasi pokea.Kata kunci: pokea, populasi, pertumbuhan.
Diversitas Gastropoda Berdasarkan Tingkat Kerusakan Mangrove Di Pulau Towea Kabupaten Muna Sulawesi Tenggara La Ode Adi Parman Rudia; Bahtiar Bahtiar; Jamili Jamili; Muhsin Muhsin; Nasaruddin Nasaruddin
BioWallacea : Jurnal Penelitian Biologi (Journal of Biological Research) Vol 6, No 1 (2019): Biology and Wallacea
Publisher : University of Halu Oleo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (203.817 KB) | DOI: 10.33772/biowallacea.v6i1.8742

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to find out the diversity index of molluscs (gastropods & bivalves) based on mangrove degradation level in Tobea Island of Muna Regency. The data were collected from May until July 2017, in Wangkolabu municipal area of Tobea sub-district, using observation method and direct observation in the research location to find out the index of ecology of molluscs such as index of diversity (H'), evenness (E), density (N), dominance (D), and dispersion pattern (Id) from both gastropod and bivalve classes based on mangrove degradation level. Direct identification in the field is applied to the type of mangrove vegetation and mollusc organisms that have been known by it’s scientific name. But if not, then the samples are taken and the documentation is then done further analysis at the Laboratory of Biology Unit of Ecology and Taxonomy of FMIPA UHO with reference to the guide book of Introduction of Mangrove in Indonesia and book Snail & Shell Indonesian. Then for water environment parameters in the form of water and substrate samples are further analyzed at Biology Laboratory of UHO Forensic and Biomolecular Unit using Miller triangle fraction method and APHA standard method. Statistical analysis is done using Excel Stat to determine the major components affecting the ecological index of molluscs in degraded mangrove areas. The results showed four species mangroves in Wangkolabu Village are Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, and Sonneratia alba and that mangrove degradation on the coast of Tobea Island, Wangkolabu village, Tobea sub-district has varied values for good mangrove criteria (Density/RDi = 1.600 individuals/hectare), medium mangrove (Density/RDi = 1.175 individuals/hectare), and mangrove broken/rare (Density/RDi = 375 individuals/hectare). Besides that, Cerithium spp., Nerita costata, Terebralia sulcata, and Clypeomorus sp., type gastropods is able to adapt to mangrove forests that have moderate density (RDi= 1.000–1.500 individuals/hectare), with mangrove substrate types in the form of sandy loam that has soil organic content (BO = 3,18%). While the gastropod type Telescopium telescopium prefers low density mangrove forests (RDi < 1.000 individuals/hectare) with the type of substrate in the form of clay containing organic matter (BO = 2,35%).  Based on the results of the study it is expected that the need for mangrove forest management in the study area for the sustainability of aquatic biota, especially molluscs that can be developed as conservation areas by looking at the level of mangrove damage through non-fish aquaculture activities (shellfish) for the welfare of coastal communities and islands small in Southeast Sulawesi.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY OF POKEA CLAM Batissa violacea var. celebensis, VON MARTENS 1897 AT LASOLO ESTUARY, SOUTHEAST SULAWESI . Bahtiar
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis Vol. 9 No. 1 (2017): Elektronik Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis
Publisher : Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (359.673 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jitkt.v9i1.17913

Abstract

Pokea clam Batissa violacea var. celebensis von Martens 1897 that inhabits the substrates of some estuaries in Southeast Sulawesi has a tendency to have different reproductive pattern. The aim of this study was to determine the sex ratio, gonadal maturity stage (TKG), gonadal maturity index (IKG) and the size at first gonad maturity of pokea in Lasolo estuary, Southeast Sulawesi.  Samples were randomly collected using a traditional fishing gear called tangge.  Sex ratio, TKG, IKG, and the size at first gonad maturity were determined using standard methods and formulas and then analyzed using Chi Square, quantitative description and non-linear regression. The results showed that the number of males were higher than the numbers of females, ranging from 71.85-89.84% and 10.16-28.15%, respectively.  Gonadal maturity development of male and female occured simultaneously. Early gonadal maturity stage began in January.  Spawning occurs twice, beginning with maturity in April and spawning in May and then again maturity in July and spawning in July until October.  IKG values of male and female were relatively the same ranging from 2.56-31.92. The males matured earlier than the females at size 1.95 cm and 2.15 cm, respectively.   Keywords: female, gonad, male, clam, maturity, spawning
DINAMIKA POPULASI KERANG POKEA Batissa violacea var. celebensis VON MARTENS 1897 DI MUARA SUNGAI LASOLO SULAWESI TENGGARA . Bahtiar; La Anadi; Wa Nurgayah; . Emiyarti
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis Vol. 10 No. 2 (2018): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis
Publisher : Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (673.885 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jitkt.v10i2.24046

Abstract

Pokea merupakan jenis kerang bernilai ekonomis yang dieksploitasi nelayan Sulawesi Tenggara.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dinamika populasi kerang pokea di muara Sungai Lasolo Sulawesi Tenggara. Sampel kerang pokea dikumpulkan secara periodik setiap bulan selama setahun (Januari-Desember 2014) di muara Sungai Lasolo Sulawesi Tenggara. Sampel kerang dikumpulkan secara acak berdasarkan luas sapuan alat tangkap tradisional (tangge). Kepadatan kerang berdasarkan ukuran dan waktu pengamatan diuji dengan U-Mann Whitney sedangkan kepadatan terhadap produksi dan biomassa masing-masing dianalisis menggunakan regresi linear sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerang pokea ditemukan dari ukuran 0,15-1,67 cm sampai 7,57-8,09 cm, dengan kepadatan berkisar 173-569 ind/m2. Kepadatan tinggi ditemukan dari ukuran 1,74-2,26 cm sampai 2,80-3,32 cm, yang berbeda nyata dengan kelas ukuran lain, sedangkan kepadatan kerang tidak berbeda nyata di setiap waktu pengamatan. Produksi somatik individu tertinggi ditemukan pada ukuran 5,45-5,97 cm (3,02gMKBC/m2/thn) sedangkan produksi populasi tahunan terbesar terdapat pada ukuran 2,80-3,32 cm sebesar 160,87 g MKBC/m2/thn. Biomassa pokea berkisar 0,0002-20,07 gMKBC/m2 dengan biomassa terbesar terdapat pada ukuran 2,80-3,32 sebesar 20,069 gMKBC/m2. Kemampuan pulih (P/B) pokea sebesar 8,01/thn.
SEBARAN KEPADATAN DAN UKURAN KERANG TOTOK Polymesoda erosa (Jutting 1953) DI HUTAN MANGROVE TELUK KENDARI SULAWESI TENGGARA (Density and Size Distribution of Common Geloina Polymesoda erosa (Jutting 1953) in Mangrove Forest Kendari Bay) La Ode Muhamad Julhija Sanda; Muhammad Ramli; Asriyana Asriyana; Bahtiar Bahtiar
Saintek Perikanan : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology Vol 17, No 2 (2021): SAINTEK PERIKANAN
Publisher : Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijfst.17.2.81-89

Abstract

Kerang totok (Polymesoda erosa) merupakan salah satu jenis bivalvia bernilai ekonomis dan memiliki gizi yang relatif tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara sebaran kepadatan, ukuran, dan karakteristik habitat pada ekosistem mangrove Teluk di Kendari. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari bulan Mei hingga Oktober 2019 di hutan mangrove Teluk Kendari Sulawesi Tenggara. Analisis data yang digunakan meliputi: analisis kepadatan, pola penyebaran, pengelompokan ukuran, hubungan panjang bobot, dan analisis parameter fisik-kimiawi perairan menggunakan analisis Principle Component Analysis (PCA). Jumlah kerang totok yang terkumpul sebanyak 1.320 terdiri dari 984 individu jantan dan 336 individu betina. Ukuran panjang kerang totok sekitar 34,2–118,1 mm dan bobot 1,2–36,8 g. Kerapatan mangrove mempunyai korelasi tinggi terhadap kepadatan kerang totok (r 0,75;.R20,56). Pola penyebaran kerang totok cenderung mengelompok dan bahan organik substrat mempunyai kontribusi tertinggi terhadap sebaran kepadatan dan ukuran kerang totok pada habitatnya (77,92%). Common geloina (Polymesoda erosa) is a type of bivalves that have economic value and relatively high nutrition. This study aims to analyze the relationship between density distribution, size, and habitat characteristics in the mangrove ecosystem of Kendari Bay. This research was conducted from May to October 2019 in the mangrove forests of Kendari Bay, Southeast Sulawesi. Analysis of the data used includes density analysis, distribution patterns, size grouping, length weight relationships, and analysis of physical-chemical parameters of waters using Principle Component Analysis (PCA). The number of common geloina collected was 1,320 consisting of 984 male and 336 female with total length and weight ranged from 34.2–118.1 mm and 1.2–36.8 g respectively. Mangrove density has a high correlation with the density of common geloina (r 0.75;.R20.6). The distribution pattern of common geloina tends to be clustered and the substrate organic matter had the highest contribution to the density and size distribution of common geloina in their habitat (77.92%).
Family Nutrition Improvement Efforts Through Nutrition Management of Pokea Clam Based on Environmental Health I Putu Sudayasa; Hartati Hartati; Bahtiar Bahtiar
Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (Indonesian Journal of Community Engagement) Vol 5, No 2 (2019): Agustus
Publisher : Direktorat Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (913.417 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jpkm.41711

Abstract

The coastal communities of the Pohara river, Sampara Subdistrict, where the habitat for endemic pokea clam growth, has a habit of consuming pokea clam meat which can affect the nutritional status of the family. Pokea clam meat (Batissa violacea celebensis von Marten 1897) contains fatty acids, which can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this community service, to identify patterns of consumption of pokea clam and  nutritional status. The method used through interviews, counseling and examination of nutritional status. The number of respondents identified was 72 respondents. Data were collected by questionnaire regarding the consumption pattern of pokea clam, measurement of height, weight and waist circumference. The results of the identification of consumption patterns of pokea clam meat showed 58% of respondents, consuming average pokea clam 1-3 times a day. As many as 78%, processing directly the pokea clam meat. The types of preparations consumed are pokea satay (39%) and boiled pokea (8%). The results of examination of Body Mass Index (BMI) obtained 50.0% normal nutritional status, 16.7% excess and 30.6% obesity. Waist circumference measurement results, 47.2% are normal, and 52.8% are not normal. Integrated and sustainable health promotion, need to improve the nutritional status of coastal communities.
Production and Biomass of Pokea Clam (Batissa violacea var. celebensis von Martens, 1897) in the Langkumbe River Waters North Buton Southeast Sulawesi Tri Abdul Rahman; Bahtiar Bahtiar; Pramono Hery Santoso
Jurnal Moluska Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Masyarakat Moluska Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54115/jmi.v5i1.4

Abstract

Langkumbe River is located in West Kulisusu District and has long been used by the community for various daily activities. One of the resources often used by the people around Langkumbe River is pokea clams. The aim of this study was to determine the production and biomass of pokea clams (B. violacea) in Langkumbe River Waters of North Buton Regency from August to October 2017. The sampling method used was swept area method using a traditional fishing gear "Tangge" (fishing gear). The samples were measured for the length, width and thickness.  The total weight was measured with the clam/total mass (MT) and the weight of the meat. The samples were dried using an oven for 24 hours at 70 °C to obtain the shell-free dry mass (SFDW). Data were analyzed using standard formulas. The total sample obtained was 1.307 individuals. The highest density of pokea clam was found in August at 596.8 ind/m². Annual production of pokea clam (B. violacea) in Langkumbe River with a total annual production of 1,107.33 gSFDW/m2/year. The highest and lowest production are 297.09 gSFDW/m²/year at size 2.19-2.54cm and -0.16 gSFDW /m²/year at size 4.70-5.05cm, respectively. The total population biomass was 528.03 gSFDW/m2 with the highest biomass 171.72 gSFDW/m²/year at size 2.55-2.90 cm and the lowest was 1.40 gSFDW /m²/year at size 4.70-5.05 cm, so that the recovery rate (P/B ratio) was 2.1 gSFDW/m2/year.
Co-Authors . Emiyarti . Emiyarti . Herman A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Ahmad Mustafa Amiruddin Amir Anggelini Cahya Dirani Asriyana, . Budy Wiryawan Darmin Tuwu Dedy Oetama Deki Zulkarnain Dian Resky Pratiwi Ermayanti Ishak Ermayanti Ishak Ermayanti Ishak Findra, Muhammad Nur Fredinan Yulianda Fuji Astuti Auza Fuji Astuty Auza Gusrin, Gusrin Hari, Harmin Harmin Hari Hartati Hartati I Putu Sudayasa Isdradjad Setyobudiandi Isdradjat Setyobudiandi Jamili Jamili Kasim, Ma'ruf La Anadi La Anadi La Anadi La Anadi, La La Ode Abdul Rajab Nadia La Ode Adi Parman Rudia La Ode Arsad Sani La Ode Hadini La Ode Muhamad Julhija Sanda La Ode Muhamad Munadi La Sadila Marifatul Munawarah Mennofatria Boer Meriyani Syalam Muh. Fajar Purnama Muh. Fajar Purnama Muhammad Amrullah Pagala Muhammad Arsyad Muhammad Digul Jaya Pratama Muhammad Fajar Purnama Muhammad Fajar Purnama Muhammad Purnama Muhammad Ramli Muhammad Ramli Muhsin Muhsin Munadi Munadi Muslim Tadjuddah Musni, La Ode Natsir Sandiah Neni, Neni Nur Hikmah Pramono Hery Santoso Purnama, Muhammag Fajar Rada, Satya Rahmadani, Wildan Rahmadhani Ramadhan Ramadhan Rusli Badaruddin Sadri Sadri Sarah, Waode Bunga Simuhu, Tabroni Sitti Adelya Sitti Nurlailah Basri Suharty Roslan Sulpian Sahdatun Kasim Sulsalman Moita Syamsul Arifin Tri Abdul Rahman Wa Ernawati Wa Nurgayah Wa Nurgayah Widia Wati, Widia Yuni Lestari Zulfiani, Ida