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All Journal JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Health Notions Jurnal Surya Medika JURNAL MANAJEMEN DAN PELAYANAN FARMASI (Journal of Management and Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Islamic Medicine An-Nadaa: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal Al-Mutsla: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan Interdisciplinary Social Studies Folia Medica Indonesiana
Samirah Samirah, Samirah
Departemen Farmasi Praktis, Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
Religion Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Dentistry Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary Other

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Sensitivitas Antibiotik dan Profil Bakteri pada Pasien Anak di Rumah Sakit Pendidikan di Indonesi : Antibiotic Sensitivity and Bacterial Profile in Pediatric Patients at Indonesian Teaching Hospital Samirah Samirah; Naning Ni'mawati; Arya Sigit K; Novita Arbianti; Nur Palestin A
Jurnal Surya Medika (JSM) Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Surya Medika (JSM)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/jsm.v12i1.12805

Abstract

Resistensi antibiotik merupakan masalah serius secara global, terutama di negara berpendapatan rendah hingga menengah seperti Indonesia. Salah satu pendekatan untuk mengatasi resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik adalah dengan menerapkan program Penatagunaan Antimikroba (PGA) di rumah sakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi distribusi jenis bakteri, penggunaan antibiotik empiris, serta pola sensitivitas terhadap antibiotik. Penelitian ini bersifat observasional deskriptif dengan cross-sectional dari Januari 2018 hingga Juni 2023. Subjek penelitian adalah pasien anak usia 1 bulan hingga 17 tahun yang memiliki hasil kultur bakteri dan uji sensitivitas antibiotik. Data yang tidak lengkap serta pasien dengan penyakit autoimun atau keganasan tidak dimasukkan dalam penelitian. Dari analisis 120 sampel kultur bakteri positif, mayoritas berasal dari pasien usia 1 hingga 5 tahun. Jenis bakteri yang paling sering ditemukan adalah Escherichia coli (30,8%), Staphylococcus coagulase-negative (29,2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (9,2%), dan Staphylococcus aureus (8,3%). Diagnosis tersering meliputi diare dan gastroenteritis akut, bronkopneumonia, serta infeksi saluran kemih (ISK). Antibiotik empiris yang paling banyak diresepkan adalah seftriakson (34%), diikuti oleh ampisilin-sulbaktam (16,7%), ampisilin (14,1%), dan gentamisin (5,8%). Penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak tepat dapat menyebabkan resistensi, khususnya pada anak-anak. Oleh karena itu, penggunaan antibiotik harus disesuaikan dengan indikasi yang tepat. Penting bagi klinisi untuk mengevaluasi pemilihan antibiotik berdasarkan kondisi klinis dan tingkat keparahan masing-masing pasien.
Evaluation of Antibiotic Utilization in Respiratory Tract Infections Using ATC/DDD and Gyssens Methods Samirah Samirah; Maria Oktavia; Noer Qonita; Risa F Musawaris; Mareta Rindang
Interdisciplinary Social Studies Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): Interdisciplinary Social Studies
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/iss.v5i4.1155

Abstract

Respiratory tract infections affect both the upper and lower respiratory tract and remain a major global health problem, with pneumonia prevalence reaching around 23% across all age groups. The high incidence often leads to increased antibiotic use, which may contribute to antimicrobial resistance if used inappropriately. Therefore, antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs are essential to monitor and optimize antibiotic use in hospitals. This study aimed to analyze antibiotic utilization in patients with respiratory tract infections using the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical/Defined Daily Dose (ATC/DDD) method and the Gyssens method at Dr. Soedarso Regional General Hospital, Pontianak. A prospective observational study was conducted using medical record data of 248 inpatients aged ?18 years who received antibiotic therapy during January–December 2023. The results showed that most patients were male (62.9%). Quantitative analysis indicated that Ceftriaxone and Levofloxacin were the most frequently used antibiotics based on DDD/100 patient-days. Qualitative evaluation using the Gyssens method revealed that most antibiotic use was appropriate, although some cases still showed inappropriate indications, duration, alternative therapy selection, and timing of administration.
A Comprehensive Evaluation of Antibiotic Use Appropriateness in General Surgical Ward and Its Associated Factors Samirah; Firstia Rif’atul Chumaidah; Amaliyah Rusmanto Zubaidi; Bambang Arianto; Dewi Ramdani
JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 13 No. 2 (2026): JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v13i22026.202-214

Abstract

Background: Antibiotic use in general surgical wards is essential for preventing surgical site infections (SSI), although irrational prescribing remains common and increases the risk of antimicrobial resistance. Objective: This study aimed to examine antibiotic use patterns, assess the appropriateness of antibiotic use, and analyze factors associated with antibiotic use in a surgical ward. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using medical records from the general surgical ward of Hajj Regional General Hospital, East Java, Indonesia, from May to June 2023. Antibiotic use patterns were measured using the ATC/DDD methodology and the WHO AWaRe classification. The appropriateness of antibiotic use was assessed using the Gyssens classification. Descriptive analysis was used to characterize the demographic profiles, bacterial isolates, and antibiotic use. The chi-square test was used to assess the association between patient characteristics and the appropriateness of antibiotic use. Results: A total of 180 patients participated in this study, most of whom were female (56.67%) and aged 46-59 years (34.44%). The results indicated that the most commonly isolated bacteria were ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (14.29%) and Staphylococcus aureus (14.29% each). Cefazolin was the predominant prophylactic agent, accounting for 87.34% of the total, with a DDD per 100 procedures value of 32.85. In comparison, ceftriaxone and metronidazole were the most prescribed therapeutic antibiotics, accounting for 39.94% and 27.93% of the DDD values of 36.50 and 26.19 per 100 patient-days, respectively. Antibiotics classified in the Watch group predominated among therapeutic prescriptions (56.33%), whereas the Access group accounted for only 42.87%. The appropriateness of antibiotic use was documented in 68.89% of the cases, with the most common causes of inappropriate antibiotic use being inappropriate timing (9.84%) and duration (9.21%). Age, diabetes comorbidity, and LOS were significantly associated with the appropriateness of antibiotic use. Conclusion: Although the appropriateness of antibiotic use in the general surgical ward was relatively high, substantial improvements are recommended through monitoring and strengthening adherence to clinical guidelines.
Co-Authors Afrilla, Dian Alim Syariati Alma Nuril Aliyah Amaliyah Rusmanto Zubaidi Anak Agung Sagung Dyah Pramesti Aniek S Budiatin Arina Dery Puspitasari Arya Sigit K Asmad, Asma Baiq Khuwailidia Kartikasari Bambang Arianto Budiatin, Aniek Setiya Cantika SC Lasandara Cantika Suci Adlina Lasandara Chrismawan A, Chrismawan A Chrismawan Ardianto Dea Ayu Nabilah Dewi Ramdani Didik Hasmono Dinda Monika Nusantara Ratri Elida Zairina Firmansyah Ardian Ramadhani Firstia Rif’atul Chumaidah Galuh Laksatrisna Pide I Nengah Budi Sumartha Idha Kusumawati Junaidi Khotib Lasandara, Cantika SC Leliga, Fenny Kusuma Luke Wongso Lukman Nul Hakim Mahardian R, Mahardian R Mahardian Rahmadi Mareta Rindang Mareta Rindang Andarsari Maria Oktavia Mawaddah, Midfa'ul Haawan Fitayaatin Muhammad Zaki Bin Ramli Naning Ni'mawati Nitralia Prameswari, Samirah, Nitralia Noer Qonita Novita Arbianti Nur Palestin A Oktavia, Maria Paulus Sugianto Pingkan Aprilia Prasetyawan, Hanif Rifqi Rika Dwi Ayu Parmitasari Risa F Musawaris Sandhori, Fajar Jamaluddin Subhan Rullyansyah Suharjono Tarisya Dinda Saraya Warsito, Mega Ferdina Widyasari, Sekar Arum Wijaya, Meliana Esmiralda Yusfar, Yunarti