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All Journal Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Indonesian Journal of Medicine Journal of Health Policy and Management Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Journal of Maternal and Child Health
Rahardjo, Setyo Sri
Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Journal : Indonesian Journal of Medicine

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Path Analysis: The Effect of Smoking on the Risk of Periodontal Disease Robbihi, Hilmiy Ila; Sulaeman, Endang Sutisna; Rahardjo, Setyo Sri
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol 3, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Periodontal diseases are prevalent both in developed and developing countries and affect about 20-50% of global population. Several risk factors such as smoking, poor oral hygiene, diabetes, medication, age, hereditary, and stress are related to periodontal diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of smoking on the risk of periodontal disease, using path analysis.Subjects and Method: A case-control study was carried out in Tasikmalaya community health center, West Java, from October to November 2018. A sample of 200 patients was selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was periodontal disease. The independent variables were age, knowledge on oral health, education, income, smoking behavior, oral and dental health behavior, plaque, and calculus. The data were obtained from medical record and questionnaire. The data were analyzed by path analysis.Results: The risk of periodontal disease directly increased by smoking behavior (b= 0.92; 95% CI= 0.09 to 1.75; p= 0.030), after controlling for the effect of calculus (b= 1.23; 95% CI= 0.40 to 2.07; p= 0.004) and age (b=1.63; 95% CI= 0.76 to 2.50; p<0.001). The risk of periodontal disease directly decreased by better knowledge on oral and dental health (b=-0.92; 95% CI= -1.72 to -0.12; p= 0.023) and high income (b= -1.47; 95% CI= -2.32 to -0.60; p<0.001). It was indirectly affected by plaque and education.Conclusion: The risk of periodontal disease directly increases by smoking behavior, after controlling for the effect of calculus and age. In addition, the risk of periodontal disease directly decreases by better knowledge on oral and dental health and high income. It is indirectly affected by plaque and education.Keywords: periodontal disease, smoking, factors, path analysisCorrespondence: Hilmiy Ila Robbihi. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta, Central Java 57126. Email: hilmiyilarobbihi@gmail.com. Mobile: +628975565050.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2018), 3(2): 99-109https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2018.03.02.06
Predictors of Macro and Microvascular Complication in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta Handoko, Handoko; Rahardjo, Setyo Sri; Murti, Bhisma
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol 3, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2 DM) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mor­tality worldwide. Morbidity and mortality due to diabetes are associated with the development of various microvascular complications (retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy) and macro­vascular complications (coronary heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease). This study aimed to examine the determinants of biopsychosocial macro and microvascular complications in pa­tients with type 2 DM at Dr. Moewardi Surakarta.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational with a case-control design. The study was conducted at Dr. Moewardi, Surakarta, Central Java, from January to March 2018. A sample of 75 Type 2 DM cases with complication and 75 Type 2 DM cases without complication was selected for this study by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variables were macro and microvascular com­plications. The independent variables were body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, quality of life, depression, duration of disease, physical activity, diet, medication adherence, health financing, and routine blood sample. Clinical data were taken from medical record. The data of other varia­bles were collected by a set of pre-tested questionnaire. Logistic regression was employed for data ana­lysis.Results: The risk of macro and microvascular complications in type 2 DM patients increased with high BMI (OR= 22.00; 95% CI= 7.50 to 64.52, p<0.001), poor quality of life (OR= 7.06; CI 95%= 3.51 to 14.16, p<0.001), depression (OR= 3.30; 95% CI= 1.39 to 7.79, p= 0.007), longer duration of disease (OR= 9.71; 95% CI= 2.79 to 33.71, p<0.001), lack of physical activity (OR= 8.16; 95% CI= 1.23 to 53.93, p=0.029), poor diet (OR= 3.58; 95% CI= 1.39 to 9.18, p=0.008), poor medication adherence (OR= 4.54; 95% CI= 1.71 to 12.05, p=0.002), and irregular blood sample control (OR= 5.80; 95% CI= 1.97 to 14.65, p=0.001).Conclusion: The risk of macro and microvascular complications in patients with type 2 DM is de­ter­mined by BMI, quality of life, depression, duration of disease, physical activity, diet, medication adhe­rence, and blood sample control.Keywords: biopsychosocial, macrovascular, microvascular, complications, type 2 DMCorrespondence: Handoko. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta, Indonesia. Email: handhira83@yahoo.co.id. Mobile: +6285225591917.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2018), 3(1): 1-13https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2018.03.01.01
Meta-Analysis on the Effect of Zinc on Reducing Diarrhea Episode in Toddlers Widayati, Purwika; Rahardjo, Setyo Sri; Widyaningsih, Vitri
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Diarrhea is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in toddlers in the world. A number of studies have shown that zinc supplements can reduce the severity and duration of diarrhea in toddlers. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of zinc on reducing diarrhea episode in toddlers.Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis conducted using PRISMA systematic guideline. Articles published between year 2000 and 2019 were selected from PubMed, Science Direct, and Springer Link databases. Six articles met the Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) criteria. These studies were conducted in developing countries. A sample of 692 children divided into two groups of 348 zinc and 344 placebo. The data were analyzed by Review Manager (RevMan) 5.3 program. The results were assessed for Mean difference (MD) and the analysis was carried out for heterogeneity.Results: There was a high heterogeneity between experiments (I2 = 91%; p <0.001) so that Random Effects Model (REM) was used. Zinc administration reduced the duration of diarrhea 0.89 days faster than placebo, and it was statistically significant (MD= -0.89; 95% CI= -1.52 to -0.26; p= 0.006).Conclusion: Zinc supplementation is more effective than placebo in reducing the duration of diarrhea in children.Keywords: effectiveness, zinc, diarrhea, toddlers, meta analysisCorrespondence: Purwika Widayati. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: purwika15@gmail.com. Mobile: 081231153131.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2019), 4(2): 183-191https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2019.04.02.12
Co-Authors -, Mulyanti -, Vera Abd. Rasyid Syamsuri Alfiyani, Lina Ambar Mudigdo Ayuningtyas, Kanthi Devi Azura Arisa Bhisma Murti Cahyaningrum, Lusia Arina Cecep Kusmana Dea Linia Romadhoni Dewi, Ristamaya Danar Dono Indarto Endang Sutisna Sulaeman Erick Zicof Fadhilla, Hidayah Nur Febry Istyanto Fitriani, Tri Godha Gabriela Advitri Febriani Handoko Handoko Harsono Salimo Hermanu Joebagio Ida Ayu Putu Sri Widnyani Inayati, Rizqi Kartika, Dian Surya Kisrini Kisrini Lidia Aditama Putri Nikmah, Atika Ningsih, Nur Isniani Nurul Fatimah Nurul Ulya Luthfiyana Pamungkas, Putri Pangestu, Ninil Dwi Prasetya, Hanung Putri, Widya Kaharani Qadridjati, Isna Qadrijati, Isna Rahayu, Baiq Zulvita Rahmah, Anindita Hasniati Ramadani, Aulia Noorvita Rita Adriani Benya Adriani Robbihi, Hilmiy Ila RUBEN DHARMAWAN Sanusi, Rossi Sari, Ambar Sayidah, Diana Soemanto, RB Soemanto, RB Sudarsono, Joko Swastika, Sobma Uki Retno Budihastuti Umami, Afriza Vitri Widyaningsih Widayati, Purwika Wijaya, Veronica Fenny Yola Alqorien Mustikarani yulia lanti retno dewi Yumafita, Tiara