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Caring for HIV Person in Dermatology Jibriel, Diaz Azhalea; Dharma, Yoga Prawira Wedha Swara; Nuriasti, Rovera; Pambudi, Balqis Prudena Kurnia; Sugiono, Muhammad Rafly Adrian; Febriana, Nanggi Qoriatul; Dwiandika, Rizki Ary; Zulkifli, Yasmin Sabrina; Larasati, A. A. A. Regina; Senna, Cantika Brilliant; Tahriani, Ridha; Arif Zuhan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10075

Abstract

More than 90% of individuals infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) exhibit skin abnormalities that can serve as important clues for early diagnosis, monitoring disease progression, and assessing the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, the diverse presentation of skin problems often complicates clinical management. Methods: This article is based on a literature review of various international and national publications on skin manifestations in HIV patients, as well as dermatological management guidelines. The analysis focused on the types of skin infections, non-infectious conditions, side effects of ART, and recommended treatment strategies. Results: The literature review revealed that skin problems in HIV patients include fungal infections (such as candidiasis, dermatophytosis), bacterial (CA-MRSA, syphilis), viral (HSV, VZV, HPV, molluscum contagiosum), and non-infectious conditions such as seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, and severe drug reactions. These skin conditions are influenced by a weakened immune system, treatment side effects, and socioeconomic factors. Treatment requires a combination of ART therapy, dermatological care tailored to the type of skin problem, and psychosocial support. Conclusion: Skin manifestations in HIV patients reflect their immune system and quality of life. Comprehensive treatment, including ART, dermatological therapy, and a psychosocial approach, has been shown to be effective in reducing morbidity and stigma. The results of this study underscore the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration to improve treatment outcomes for HIV patients with skin problems in Indonesia.
Cranial Nerves and Plexuses Optic Nerve (N.II) Rizqi, Amanda Suana; Sugiyanto, Aqilla Nasywa Nabila; Febianisa, Tabitha Afifah; Zulkifli, Yasmin Sabrina; Paradiesta, Andi Frieskha Naurah; Azzahra, Anis Aura; Rofilah, Alita Khainur; Sugiono, Muhammad Rafly Adrian; Fauzan, Naufal Revaldy; Haikal, Muhammad; Rifki, Muhammad
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10124

Abstract

Cranial nerves are an integral part of the peripheral nervous system, playing a crucial role in transmitting afferent and efferent nerve impulses, particularly in the head and neck area. Unlike spinal nerves, cranial nerves have distinct functional nuclei in the brainstem, grouped into sensory (posterior and lateral) and motor (anterior) nuclei. The optic nerve is a purely afferent (sensory) nerve, responsible for transmitting visual information from rod and cone receptors in the retina to the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and superior colliculus (SC) in the thalamus. The optic nerve's innervation pathway begins with retinal ganglion cells, which form nerve fibers, pass through the optic canal, and then cross at the optic chiasm. Disruption of this pathway can lead to various clinical manifestations, such as vision loss or visual field impairment, which will be discussed further. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the anatomy and function of the optic nerve is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of neuro-ophthalmological conditions.
A Literature Review: Acute Tonsillitis Azzahra, Anis Aura; Khotimah, Andi Husnul; Sugiono, Muhammad Rafly Adrian; Zulkifli, Yasmin Sabrina
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10202

Abstract

Acute tonsillitis is a bacterial infection characterized by painful swallowing, swelling, and redness of the tonsils. The purpose of this literature review is to improve understanding of acute tonsillitis, which is essential for patient care and a favorable prognosis. The method used is a systematic literature review. The results of this literature review indicate that tonsillitis is a common inflammatory condition affecting the palatine tonsils, accounting for approximately 1.3% of outpatient visits. The condition is typically caused by viral or bacterial infections and manifests with symptoms such as sore throat, fever, odynophagia, and tonsillar erythema or exudate. Viral tonsillitis is often self-limiting; however, bacterial causes most notably Streptococcus group A can lead to significant complications, including peritonsillar abscess, acute rheumatic fever, and poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Prompt and accurate diagnosis is essential to distinguish viral from bacterial etiologies. Clinical scoring systems, such as the Centor or McIsaac criteria, and microbiological testing, help guide appropriate management and reduce unnecessary antibiotic use. Early identification and intervention are critical to preventing complications and promoting effective recovery. In conclusion, the prognosis for acute tonsillitis is generally good, with most cases healing on their own without complications.
Tinjauan Pustaka : Depresi Pada Lansia Zulkifli, Yasmin Sabrina; Tahriani, Ridha; Jibriel, Diaz; Swara , Yoga Prawira Wedha
Jurnal Kesehatan Ilmiah Aufa Royhan Vol 10 No 2 (2025): Vol. 10 No. 2 Desember 2025
Publisher : Universitas Aufa Royhan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51933/health.v10i2.2244

Abstract

ABSTRAK Depresi pada lanjut usia (lansia) menjadi masalah kesehatan yang semakin penting di tengah peningkatan harapan hidup di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi depresi pada lansia dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kejadian depresi tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tinjauan pustaka naratif, dengan menganalisis literatur ilmiah yang relevan mengenai depresi pada lansia, termasuk epidemiologi, penyebab, dan pengobatannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa depresi pada lansia dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, termasuk perubahan fisik dan psikologis, kondisi sosial, serta adanya penyakit kronis yang mendasarinya. Sebagian besar lansia yang mengalami depresi tidak mendapatkan pengobatan yang tepat, meskipun pengobatan dapat memberikan perbaikan signifikan. Diperlukan perhatian lebih terhadap deteksi dini dan pengobatan yang komprehensif untuk mengurangi dampak negatif depresi pada kualitas hidup lansia. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya program kesehatan yang lebih mendukung kesejahteraan mental lansia. Kata kunci : Depresi, Lansia, Kesehatan Mental, Psikiatri ABSTRACT Depression in the elderly has become an increasingly important health issue amid the rising life expectancy in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the prevalence of depression in the elderly and the factors influencing its occurrence. The method used in this research is a narrative literature review, analyzing relevant scientific literature on depression in the elderly, including its epidemiology, causes, and treatments. The results show that depression in the elderly is influenced by various factors, including physical and psychological changes, social conditions, and underlying chronic illnesses. Most elderly individuals with depression do not receive appropriate treatment, although treatment can lead to significant improvement. Early detection and comprehensive treatment programs are necessary to reduce the negative impacts of depression on the quality of life in the elderly. Therefore, more health programs supporting the mental well-being of the elderly are needed. Keywords : Depression, Elderly, Mental Health, Psychiatry