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All Journal The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Jurnal Riset Multidisiplin Edukasi
Adam Fauzi
Faculty Of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Jl. A Yani, Sukoharjo 57162,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Other

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Chitosan–Aloe vera Combination Enhances STRO-1, DSPP, and Reparative Dentin Formation in a Rat Model of Reversible Pulpitis Amara Syifa Tifani; Ranny Rachmawati; Yuli Nugraeni; Adam Fauzi; Rachmi Fauziah Rahayu
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 17, No 6 (2025)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v17i6.3851

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Direct pulp capping (DPC) aims to preserve pulp vitality but requires agents that are both bioactive and biocompatible. Calcium hydroxide (CaOH2) is widely used, however its long-term success is limited, and it may cause adverse effects. Natural biomaterials such as chitosan and Aloe vera have shown potential, but their combined regenerative effects are still not well understood. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of chitosan–Aloe vera composites in promoting stem cell activation, odontoblast differentiation, and reparative dentinogenesis in a rat model of reversible pulpitis.METHODS: Twenty-four Wistar rats with mechanically induced reversible pulpitis were divided into six groups: normal control, reversible pulpitis, CaOH2, and chitosan–Aloe vera pastes at 20%, 30%, and 40% (CA20, CA30, CA40). Pulp capping was performed following standardized pulp exposure. After 28 days, reparative dentin thickness and dentin bridge formation were assessed histologically, and STRO-1 and dentine sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) expression were analyzed immunohistochemically.RESULTS: Dentin bridge was observed in the CA40 group, presenting the thickest dentin formation (113.5±13.5 μm). STRO-1 and DSPP were significantly higher in all chitosan–Aloe vera combination groups compared with reversible pulpitis group (p<0.01), with DSPP in CA30 and CA40 also higher than CaOH2 group. Both biomarkers demonstrated a positive correlation, and reparative dentin thickness showed a strong positive correlation with DSPP level (r=0.786, p<0.001).CONCLUSION: Chitosan–Aloe vera combination showed encouraging biological activity in this 28-day preclinical model of reversible pulpitis. Although higher concentrations enhanced stem cell activation, odontoblast differentiation, and reparative dentin formation, these results should be interpreted cautiously due to the small sample size and study design limitations.KEYWORDS: pulp capping, STRO-1, DSPP, dentin bridge, CaOH2, natural biomaterial, endodontics
PENINGKATAN KESADARAN REMAJA MELALUI EDUKASI BAHAYA MEROKOK UNTUK MENCEGAH TUBERKULOSIS PARU Riski Tri Wijayanti; Purista Tiara Dewi; Karina Dwi Hapsari; Nining Lestari; Adam Fauzi
Jurnal Riset Multidisiplin Edukasi Vol. 2 No. 12 (2025): Jurnal Riset Multidisiplin Edukasi (Edisi Desember 2025)
Publisher : PT. Hasba Edukasi Mandiri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71282/jurmie.v3i2.1705

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in Indonesia, with smoking recognized as one of its key risk factors. This community service activity aimed to increase adolescents’ awareness of the dangers of smoking and its relationship with pulmonary tuberculosis through an educational session at SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta. The method included interactive education, discussions, and pretest–posttest assessments to evaluate participants’ knowledge improvement. A total of 28 eleventh-grade students participated. The results showed that the average pretest score was 80.36, which increased to 92,8 in the posttest, showing an improvement of 12.85 points. This activity effectively enhanced students’ understanding of the dangers of smoking and the importance of tuberculosis prevention. Similar programs are expected to be continued in schools to promote healthy lifestyles.
Combined Vitamin D and Magnesium Supplementation Improves Insulin, HOMA Indices, Blood Glucose, and Oxidative Stress Markers in Diabetic Rats Azzahra, Balqis Faizah; Yueniwati, Yuyun; Permatasari, Happy Kurnia; Rahayu, Rachmi Fauziah; Tifani, Amara Syifa; Fauzi, Adam
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 18, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v18i1.3905

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by disturbances in glucose homeostasis, chronic low-grade inflammation, and heightened oxidative stress. Alterations in vitamin D status and magnesium homeostasis are frequently observed in DM and have been implicated in impaired insulin secretion, decreased insulin sensitivity, and dysregulated antioxidant responses. Although both micronutrients have independently demonstrated potential benefits on glycaemic regulation and oxidative balance, the synergistic therapeutic effects of combined vitamin D and magnesium supplementation remain insufficiently elucidated in experimental models of type 2 DM. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effects of combined vitamin D and magnesium supplementation on insulin dynamics, glycaemic control, and oxidative stress markers in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.METHODS: Twenty-four male Wistar white rats were divided into 4 groups: normal control, diabetic control, metformin group, and vitamin D + magnesium group. DM was induced using streptozotocin–nicotinamide injection. Glycaemic parameters including insulin, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and homeostatis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β), were evaluated from fasting serum using immunoassay-based analyses; while oxidative stress markers including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured from plasma using colorimetric spectrophotometric methods.RESULTS: Vitamin D and magnesium combination achieved the greatest reduction in blood glucose. The mean insulin level and HOMA-β index in the vitamin D + magnesium group were significantly higher than in both the diabetic control and metformin groups (p<0.001). In the same group, HOMA-IR and MDA levels were significantly lower, whereas SOD activity was significantly higher compared with diabetic group and metformin group (p<0.001).CONCLUSION: The combination of vitamin D and magnesium increases insulin and HOMA-β level and decreases HOMA-IR, SOD, and MDA expressions in diabetic Wistar rats.KEYWORDS: diabetes mellitus, magnesium, vitamin D, insulin resistance, inflammation
Vitamin D and Magnesium Combination Lowers High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein, Interleukin-12, Renin, and Carotid Vessel in Diabetic Rats Rahayu, Rachmi Fauziah; Zahrah, Fathimah Afifah; Anugrah, Tessa Septian; Yudhani, Ratih Dewi; Yueniwati, Yuyun; Irawan, Amelia Tjandra; Kusumaningrum, Sulistyani; Fauzi, Adam; Wasita, Brian; Wiyono, Nanang; Muthaminah, Muthaminah; Sholikah, Tri Agusti; Wardhani, Lusi Oka; Suyatmi, Suyatmi; Yarso, Kristanto Yuli; Pesik, Riza Novierta; Siswanto, Febby Gunawan
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 18, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v18i2.4061

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus induces oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction, accelerating atherosclerosis development marked by elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin-12 (IL-12). Diabetes often causes significant vascular changes, which can be represented by carotid tunica intima thickening and elevated renin level. Metformin, which remains as the standard therapy, has limited vascular effects. Vitamin D and magnesium exhibit vasoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties; however, their combined effects on diabetic vascular injury remain unclear. This study evaluated the effects of vitamin D and magnesium combination on serum hs-CRP, IL-12, renin, and carotid tunica intima thickness in diabetic rats.METHODS: Wistar rats were diabetic-induced by 45 mg/kg streptozotocin and 110 mg/kg nicotinamide. Following the induction, the rats were subsequently assigned to receive no treatment, metformin, or a combination of vitamin D and magnesium. Healthy rats were also included as control. Blood sample was collected after 21 days of treatment. Serum hs-CRP, IL-12, and renin were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while the carotid tunica intima thickness was assessed by Doppler ultrasound.RESULTS: Diabetic rats showed significant increases hs-CRP, IL-12, renin level, and intima thickness (p<0.001) compared to control. Both metformin and combination of Vitamin D and magnesium reduced these parameters, with combination of Vitamin D and magnesium showing the greatest improvement. Carotid intima thickness in the combination of Vitamin D and magnesium group was comparable to normal controls, indicating marked vascular protection.CONCLUSION: Vitamin D and magnesium combination provided superior glycemic, anti-inflammatory, and vascular protective effects compared to metformin alone. This adjunctive strategy might have potential in preventing vascular complications in diabetes.KEYWORDS: diabetes mellitus, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, hs-CRP, IL-12, atherosclerosis
Analysis of failure rates among calcium hydroxide, biodentine, and mineral trioxide aggregate in direct pulp capping procedures: a systematic review Tifani, Amara Syifa; Nugraeni, Yuli; Rachmawati, Ranny; Huang, Haw-Ming; Fauzi, Adam
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 38, No 1 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol38no1.66578

Abstract

Introduction: Direct pulp capping is a conservative treatment approach aimed at preserving pulp vitality following pulp exposure. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂), mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), and Biodentine are commonly used materials for this procedure. This systematic review aimed to compare the clinical, radiographic, and histological outcomes associated with these materials in direct pulp capping procedures. Method: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for studies published between 2015 and 2025. Only in vivo human clinical studies involving permanent teeth treated with Ca(OH)₂, MTA, or Biodentine were included. Study selection followed PRISMA guidelines. Data extraction focused on clinical success, pulp vitality, dentin bridge formation, and follow-up outcomes. Due to heterogeneity among the included studies, results were synthesized narratively. Results: Six clinical studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the qualitative synthesis. Reported success rates for Ca(OH)₂ ranged from 13% to 37% in long-term follow-up. MTA demonstrated success rates exceeding 80% in studies with follow-up durations of at least 12 months. Biodentine showed comparable or slightly higher success rates than MTA in short- to medium-term observations. Radiographic and histological outcomes indicated more continuous dentin bridge formation in the MTA and Biodentine groups compared to Ca(OH)₂. Conclusion: Based on the available evidence, calcium silicate–based materials such as MTA and Biodentine appear to provide more favorable clinical and biological outcomes than calcium hydroxide for direct pulp capping procedures. Material selection should consider both biological performance and clinical handling characteristics to optimize treatment outcomes.
Co-Authors Amara Syifa Tifani Anugrah, Tessa Septian Azzahra, Balqis Faizah Brian Wasita Happy Kurnia Permatasari Huang, Haw-Ming Irawan, Amelia Tjandra Karina Dwi Hapsari Kusumaningrum, Sulistyani Muthaminah, Muthaminah Nanang Wiyono Nining Lestari Purista Tiara Dewi Rachmi Fauziah Rahayu Rachmi Fauziah Rahayu Ranny Rachmawati Ranny Rachmawati Ratih Dewi Yudhani Riski Tri Wijayanti Riza Novierta Pesik Sholikah, Tri Agusti Siswanto, Febby Gunawan Suyatmi Suyatmi Tifani, Amara Syifa Wardhani, Lusi Oka Yarso, Kristanto Yuli Yuli Nugraeni Yuli Nugraeni, Yuli Yuyun Yueniwati Zahrah, Fathimah Afifah