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All Journal Jurnal Kompilasi Hukum Priviet Social Sciences Journal
Nathania Permata S
UNIVERSITAS MATARAM
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Protection of springs in forest areas Hera Alvina Satriawan; Nathania Permata S
Priviet Social Sciences Journal Vol. 5 No. 12 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Privietlab

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55942/pssj.v5i12.1114

Abstract

Spring water is an essential natural resource that supports ecological stability and human survival, making its protection a significant environmental and legal governance issue. Amid increasing water demand, climate variability, and forest degradation, the State is required to establish a regulatory framework to preserve spring water, particularly in protected forest areas. This study examines the legal regulations governing the protection of spring water in forest zones using a normative legal research method. This study adopts a statutory approach by reviewing the 1945 Constitution, the Water Resources Act, the Forestry Act, and the Environmental Protection and Management Act, as well as a conceptual approach to analyze the doctrines of state control, the ecological function of forests, and principles of environmental protection. The findings demonstrate that protecting spring water is a constitutional mandate reinforced by interrelated sectoral statutes. Forests perform a critical hydrological function; thus, the degradation of forest areas directly affects the quality and availability of water. The Environmental Protection Act provides preventive legal instruments, such as the Strategic Environmental Assessment, Environmental Impact Assessment, and environmental approval, to control harmful activities. Additionally, forest rehabilitation programs and the designation of protected local zones strengthen the conservation measures. Although the legal framework is comprehensive, its effectiveness is hindered by policy inconsistencies, weak supervision, and conflicts of interest in land use decisions. An integrated, multilayered statutory system regulates the legal protection of spring water in forested areas. However, its success depends on consistent law enforcement, intergovernmental coordination, and strengthened local regulations to ensure sustainable water availability for future generations of farmers.
Larangan Alih Fungsi Hutan Mangrove dalam Hukum Positif di Indonesia Nathania Permata S; Hera Alvina S
Journal Kompilasi Hukum Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Kompilasi Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jkh.v10i2.293

Abstract

Hutan mangrove memiliki fungsi ekologis penting sebagai pelindung pesisir, penyimpan karbon biru, serta penopang kehidupan sosial-ekonomi masyarakat, namun tekanan terhadap keberadaannya semakin meningkat akibat pembangunan pesisir, tambak, pariwisata, dan reklamasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji larangan alih fungsi hutan mangrove dalam hukum positif Indonesia termasuk memahami konstruksi normatif, mekanisme perizinan, serta instrumen pencegahan dan penegakan hukum yang diberlakukan terhadap kegiatan yang berpotensi merusak ekosistem mangrove dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif melalui pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Analisis dilakukan terhadap berbagai instrumen hukum, termasuk UU Kehutanan, UU PPLH, UU Pesisir, Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja, serta regulasi turunannya seperti PP 27/2025 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Ekosistem Mangrove dan Perpres 120/2020 tentang BRGM termasuk memahami konstruksi normatif, mekanisme perizinan, serta instrumen pencegahan dan penegakan hukum yang diberlakukan terhadap kegiatan yang berpotensi merusak ekosistem mangrove. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia telah memiliki kerangka hukum komprehensif yang menempatkan mangrove sebagai kawasan strategis yang wajib dilindungi, dengan mekanisme ketat terkait AMDAL, persetujuan lingkungan, zonasi pesisir, hingga adanya sanksi yang tegas. Namun efektivitasnya masih terhambat oleh tumpang tindih regulasi, lemahnya pengawasan, kepentingan ekonomi jangka pendek, serta rendahnya partisipasi masyarakat. Studi ini menegaskan pentingnya harmonisasi kebijakan, penegakan hukum yang konsisten, dan pemberdayaan masyarakat lokal, termasuk pengembangan alternatif ekonomi berbasis mangrove untuk menekan eksploitasi. Dengan demikian, perlindungan mangrove hanya dapat dicapai melalui pendekatan terpadu yang melibatkan pemerintah, masyarakat, dan sektor swasta dalam satu kesatuan pengelolaan ekosistem pesisir yang berkelanjutan.
Co-Authors Hera Alvina S HERA ALVINA SATRIAWAN