cover
Article Per Year (5 Year)
All
Home Page
OAI Link
Editorial Team
Contact
Reviewer
Google Scholar
Contact Name
-
Contact Email
-
Phone
-
Journal Mail Official
-
Editorial Address
-
Location
Kota manado,
Sulawesi utara
INDONESIA
JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX
Published by Universitas Sam Ratulangi
ISSN : 23023589     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Environmental Science
Mencakup Penulisan yang berhubungan dengan pelaksanaan penelitian yang dilakukan secara mandiri, atau kelompok, dan berdasarkan Ruang Lingkup Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir, Konservasi, Ekowisata, dan Keanekaragaman Hayati Perairan.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 517 Documents
 48   49   50   51   52 
Integrated Ecological and Socio-Economic Assessment for Sustainable Marine Ecotourism Development in Lihaga Island: An Ecosystem Service-Based Approach Manembu, Indri Shelovita; Mamangkey, Noldy G.F.; Manengkey, Hermanto W.K.; Rembet, Unstain N.W.J.; Rondonuwu, Ari B.
Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2026
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v14i1.66733

Abstract

Lihaga Island, positioned within Indonesia's Likupang Special Economic Zone, exemplifies the challenge of balancing tourism development with ecosystem conservation. This study integrates ecological and socio-economic assessments to inform sustainable management of marine ecotourism. Ecological data were collected using the Line Intercept Transect method across three stations at 3- and 10-meter depths. Results revealed a mean hard coral cover of 30.63%, which is classified as moderate according to the Indonesian Ministry of Environment Decree No. 4/2001, though significant spatial variation was observed across stations. Thirty-four coral genera were identified, dominated by Porites (36.12%). The Tourism Suitability Index scored 62%, indicating conditional suitability for diving and snorkeling. Community surveys (n=60) demonstrated overwhelming support for ecotourism (90% positive), with all respondents expressing interest in tourism village programs. However, 40% lacked tourism experience, indicating a need for capacity building. Findings reveal that sustainable development requires integrated spatial zoning, community empowerment, reef restoration, and monitoring systems. This research contributes integrated assessment frameworks for ecotourism in Indonesian Special Economic Zones and provides actionable recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders. Keywords: coral reef assessment, ecosystem services, marine ecotourism, sustainable tourism  
Unmasking The Hidden Costs of Ecotourism: A Green Accounting Decision Support System Using Spatial Macro-Tourist Data Tuegeh, Octavia D. M.; Nagy, Adrian Szilard; Paat, Franda Benedicta
Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2026
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v14i1.66913

Abstract

While ecotourism is frequently championed as a sustainable solution, the influx of mass tourism often generates hidden ecological costs that remain unrecorded in conventional accounting frameworks. This study aims to design a spatial Decision Support System (DSS) model that integrates green accounting principles with macro-tourism data. Employing the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method, this research evaluates the disparity between tourist volume (14.5 million movements) and community-based accommodation capacities within the ecotourism epicenter of North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Two novel spatial accounting indicators are introduced: the Local Carrying Capacity Ratio (LCCR) and the Estimated Environmental Cost (EEC), monetized in the domestic currency (IDR). The DSS algorithm reveals a sustainability paradox: North Minahasa Regency, despite recording the lowest tourist volume (650,320 visitors), emerges as the most critical ecological zone (preference score of 0.586). This vulnerability is attributed to a severe infrastructure deficit that precipitates an extreme overshoot in carrying capacity (LCCR 26.20). Conversely, Manado City implicitly accrues an annual ecological debt exceeding IDR 24.5 billion driven by emissions and waste. These findings underscore that the omission of macro-spatial metrics from regional balance sheets can result in misguided investment policies. Ultimately, the proposed DSS model offers a strategic framework for local governments to formulate equitable carbon levies and reallocate tourism revenues toward the development of local community infrastructure. Keywords: Carrying Capacity, Decision Support System, Ecotourism, Green Accounting, Hidden Costs
Identification of the types and characteristics of marine debris in Manado Bay, North Sulawesi Province Lepar, Meita Jeane Wini; Tumbal, James; Mandagi, Conny M.; Timpal, Tartius; Mait, Nicolaas H.; Rompas, Vonny O.; Undap, Timothy; Kusen, Janny D.
Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2026
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v14i1.66967

Abstract

This study analyses the spatial distribution and composition of marine debris in Manado Bay and discusses implications for coastal management strategies. Shoreline surveys across multiple sites assessed item counts, weight, material types and seasonal variation. The results of the analysis at Buloh Coast and Molas Coast, showed striking differences in the composition and density of marine garbage. On the Buloh coast, wood dominates with the highest density, especially in Transek 4 (85 grams/m2) and Transek 5 (57 g/m2), while plastics are also very significant, especially on Transek 5, with a very high density (86 gram/m2). On the other hand, on the Molas coast the wood remains the dominant type of garbage with the largest density at Transek 4, (51 g/ m2), but plastics show greater variation and do not reach the density as high as Buloh Coast, with the maximum density being at Transak 4, (48 g / m2). For plastic foam, the densities at Buloh Beach are relatively higher at Transec 5 (30 grams / m2) compared to Molas Coasts, where the greatest densities are at the Transek 2 (28 g /m2). Meanwhile, the glass and ceramic densities in Molas Beach are relatively higher at the transek (40 grams) compared with the Buloh coasts, the latter showing lower glass density and ceramic data. Results indicate plastics dominate debris composition, with seasonal peaks associated with rainfall and riverine inputs. Management recommendations include source reduction, improved solid-waste services, community engagement, and long-term monitoring to inform policy. Keywords: Marine debris, coastal management, Manado Bay, waste distribution, plastic pollution.
Kelayakan Ekosistem Mangrove Dalam Meningkatkan Perekonomian Masyarakat di Wilayah Pesisir Kabupaten Boalemo Erlansyah; Antu, Yulinda R.
Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2026
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v14i1.66718

Abstract

Mangrove ecosystems are coastal ecosystems with significant potential to enhance community economies, as they provide essential livelihood resources for coastal populations. This study aims to assess the feasibility of mangrove ecosystems in improving the economic conditions of coastal communities in Boalemo Regency. The research employed field observations and surveys through questionnaires, along with field documentation, to evaluate the ecological and economic aspects of mangroves. Data analysis included the Important Value Index (IVI), mangrove diversity index, economic value assessment, and Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) to determine feasibility based on sustainability criteria. The ecological condition of mangroves in Boalemo Regency shows high density, with 65,800 seedlings/ha, 6,030 saplings/ha, and 2,300 trees/ha. The highest frequencies were recorded for Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata, Ceriops tagal, and Sonneratia alba, while mangrove cover was dominated by Sonneratia alba and Rhizophora stylosa. The diversity index was high in seedling and sapling categories and moderate in trees. The economic value of mangroves is derived from direct utilization of stems, leaves, fruits, and fisheries products such as shrimp, crabs, fish, and shellfish. Overall, mangrove ecosystems in Boalemo Regency are moderately sustainable in supporting community economic development. Keywords: Mangrove Ecology, Community Economy, Mangrove Feasibility Abstrak.  Ekosistem mangrove merupakan ekosistem pesisir yang berpotensi meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat. Ekosistem mangrove berperan sebagai sumber kebutuhan hidup masyarakat pesisir. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kelayakan ekosistem mangrove sehingga dapat meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat di wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Boalemo. Metode penelitian ini yaitu observasi dan survei lapangan melalui penyebaran kuesioner serta dokumentasi lapangan mengenai penilaian ekologi dan ekonomi mangrove. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis INP, indeks keanekaragaman mangrove, nilai manfaat mangrove dan analisis Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) untuk penilaian kelayakan berdasarkan kriteria keberlanjutan. Kondisi ekologi mangrove di Kabupaten Boalemo memiliki kerapatan tinggi, yakni semai 65.800/hektar, pancang 6.030/hektar dan pohon 2.300/hektar. Frekuensi tertinggi dimiliki oleh jenis Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata, Ceriops tagal, dan Sonneratia alba. Tutupan mangrove didominasi oleh jenis Sonneratia alba dan Rhizophora stylosa. INP tertinggi untuk semai Rhizophora mucronata, Ceriops tagal, dan pohon Ceriops decandra. Indeks keanekaragaman tinggi pada kategori semai dan pancang dan keanekaragaman sedang pada kategori pohon. Pemanfaatan ekosistem mangrove merupakan nilai ekonomi yang dihasilkan dari pemanfaatan langsung ekosistem mangrove melalui hasil pemanfaatan batang, daun, buah mangrove dan pemanfaatan perikanan udang, kepiting, ikan dan kerang-kerangan.  Ekosistem mangrove di wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Boalemo memiliki nilai kelayakan ekologi yang cukup berkelanjutan dalam menunjang perekonomian masyarakat. Kata kunci: Ekologi Mangrove, Ekonomi Masyarakat, Kelayakan Mangrove
Integration of Agisoft Metashape and eCognition for Mapping Mangrove Ecosystems and Benthic Habitats Using UAV Technology Wantasen, Adnan S.; Pelle, Wilmy E.; Kambey, Alex. D.; Rondonuwu, Ari B.; Tamu'u, Xavier L.; Rembet, Unstain N. W. J.
Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2026
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v14i1.66778

Abstract

Accurate mapping of coastal ecosystems is essential for marine resource management and biodiversity conservation. This study integrates UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) technology, Agisoft Metashape photogrammetry, and Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) using eCognition to map mangrove ecosystems and benthic habitats in the coastal area of Tiwoho Village, North Minahasa Regency. Data acquisition using DJI drone produced 949 aerial photos at 60.1 meters altitude with 80% overlap covering an area of 0.361 km². Orthophoto with spatial resolution of 1.43 cm/pixel was generated through photogrammetric processing in Agisoft Metashape. Image classification was performed using a two-level hierarchical approach: Level 1 for general zonation (land, shallow water, deep water) using rule-based classification, and Level 2 for detailed benthic habitat identification (primary mangrove, secondary mangrove, sand, seagrass, coral) using Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm. Classification results showed Overall Accuracy of 89% and Kappa Index of 94.03% with User's Accuracy ranging from 0.89-0.97 and Producer's Accuracy 0.92-0.99. This integrated workflow proved effective for coastal ecosystem mapping with high accuracy and can be replicated in other regions. Keywords: UAV, photogrammetry, OBIA, Support Vector Machine, benthic habitat, mangrove
PKM Empowerment of Sunday School Teachers of the Holy Path Evangelical Church (GPIJS) Bitung City, North Sulawesi Province Through Fish Processing Diversification Activities Dotulong, Verly; Damongilala, Lena J.; Lohoo, Helen J.
Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2026
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v14i1.67174

Abstract

Bitung City is known as the City of Skipjack Tuna, offering a variety of fresh fish at affordable prices. Several fish processing companies are also operating, with some members of the GPIJS Sunday school teachers' group also employed by these companies. Tuna offshoots (the flesh attached to the bone) are sold at very low prices at Rp 20,000/kg. These offshoots can be processed into nuggets, kakinaga, and fish balls (a diversified fish product) that can be sold at a higher price. If the diversification of processed fish (nuggets, kakinaga and meatballs) made from tuna fish meat is taught to GPIJS Bitung City Sunday school teachers, they can be empowered to produce healthy and nutritious food and can also be a part-time job that earns money to help their families who are mostly poor, besides that they can also teach Sunday school children about the benefits of eating fish and at the same time improve children's nutrition to prevent stunting. The objectives of this PKM are: empowering GPIJS Sunday school teachers through diversified processed fish activities, namely: (1) utilizing raw materials (fish meatballs) that have low prices, (2) improving the skills of Sunday school teachers in making various forms of processed fish such as fish nuggets, fish balls and dragon fish legs as nutritious foods and popular with consumers, (3) Creating innovative entrepreneurs for processed fish. The long-term goal is to improve nutrition and family welfare. The implementation methods that will be applied in this program are: (1) Counseling, training in diversified processed fish (2) Mentoring and (3) Evaluation. The results achieved were that the PKM partners understood the nutritional value of tuna and were able to make their own tuna nuggets and kakinaga, a highly nutritious food with excellent organoleptic qualities. Keywords: PKM, Sunday School Teachers, Fish Nuggets, Fish Kakinaga Abstrak.  Kota Bitung terkenal dengan julukan Kota Cakalang, di kota ini terdapat berjenis-jenis ikan segar dengan harga yang terjangkau. Selain itu, terdapat juga beberapa perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang pengolahan hasil perikanan dimana beberapa anggota kelompok guru-guru Sekolah Minggu GPIJS adalah karyawan pada perusahaan-perusahaan tersebut. Daging tetelan ikan tuna (daging yang menempel pada tulang) di perusahan-perusahan tersebut mempunyai harga sangat murah yaitu Rp 20.000/kg, tetelan daging tuna ini bisa diolah menjadi nugget, kakinaga maupun bakso ikan (produk diversivikasi olahan ikan) yang bisa dijual dengan harga yang lebih mahal. Bila kegiatan diversifikasi olahan ikan  (nugget, kakinaga dan bakso) berbahan dasar tetelan daging ikan tuna ini di ajarkan ke guru-guru sekolah minggu GPIJS Kota Bitung maka mereka dapat diberdayakan baik untuk menghasilkan makanan sehat dan bergizi juga dapat  menjadi pekerjaan sambilan yang menghasilkan uang untuk membantu keluarga mereka yang kebanyakan tergolong masyarakat miskin, selain itu mereka juga bisa mengajar ke anak-anak sekolah minggu tentang manfaat makan ikan dan sekaligus meningkatkan gizi anak-anak untuk mencegah stunting. Tujuan PKM ini adalah: memberdayakan guru-guru Sekolah Minggu GPIJS melalui kegiatan diversifikasi olahan ikan, yaitu: (1) memanfaatkan bahan baku (tetelan ikan) yang mempunyai harga yang murah, (2) meningkatkan keterampilan guru-guru Sekolah Minggu dalam melakukan berbagai bentuk olahan ikan seperti nugget ikan, bakso ikan dan kaki naga ikan sebagai pangan yang kaya gizi dan digemari oleh konsumen, (3) menciptakan wirausaha yang inovatif untuk olahan ikan.  Tujuan jangka panjang yaitu untuk peningkatan gizi dan kesejahteraan keluarga. Metode pelaksanaan yang akan diterapkan pada program ini yaitu: (1) penyuluhan, pelatihan diversifikasi olahan ikan; (2) pendampingan; dan (3) evaluasi.  Hasil yang telah dicapai adalah mitra PKM telah mengerti tentang gizi daging ikan tuna dan mampu membuat sendiri nugget dan kakinaga ikan tuna sebagai makanan bergizi tinggi dan mempunyai nilai organoleptik yang baik. Kata Kunci: PKM, Guru-Guru Sekolah Minggu, Nuget ikan, Kakinaga Ikan
Big Data Analytics with Blockchain Technology for Understanding Tourist Preferences in Ecotourism Ogi, Imelda W. J.; Mangindaan, Harley A. B.; Pandowo, Merinda H. C.; Mintardjo, Christofell Mardy O.; Sumual, Jacline I.; Paat, Franda Benedicta; Tuegeh, Octavia D. M.
Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2026
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v14i1.67295

Abstract

This study examines the integration of big data analytics and blockchain technology to understand tourist preferences in the context of ecotourism. The research was conducted in Manado, Indonesia, and employed a mixed-methods design combining digital tourism data analysis, surveys, semi-structured interviews, and blockchain prototype implementation. The study analyzed 500 tourist reviews collected from major online platforms, involved 150 tourism SMEs as primary respondents, and piloted the proposed system with 50 selected SMEs. Big data analytics was used to identify dominant tourist preferences and segment visitors based on their behavioral patterns. At the same time, blockchain technology was implemented to improve the security, traceability, and integrity of preference data. The results revealed four major tourist segments: family travelers, solo travelers, young travelers, and international tourists, each characterized by different preference combinations related to accommodation, nature tourism, culinary experiences, and tourism services. The findings also showed that blockchain significantly strengthened data security by reducing recorded data leakage and violation cases to zero after implementation. In addition, SMEs that used preference-based insights were able to improve service personalization and reported positive business outcomes, particularly in accommodation and nature-based tourism services. User evaluation further indicated high levels of acceptance across ease of use, operational efficiency, data security, and personalization quality. Overall, the study demonstrates that integrating big data analytics and blockchain technology provides a valuable framework for delivering secure, data-driven, and personalized ecotourism services. Keywords: Big data analytics; Blockchain; Ecotourism; Service personalization; Tourist preferences
Sustainable Supply Chain Strategies to Enhance the Global Competitiveness of Clove Commodities in North Sulawesi Palandeng, Indrie Debbie; Tielung, Maria V. J.; Wangke , Shinta Jeanette C.; Tumewu, Ferdinand J.; Tumiwa, Johan Reineer
Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2026
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v14i1.67296

Abstract

This study develops an integrated sustainable supply chain strategy to strengthen the global competitiveness of clove commodities in North Sulawesi. The research employs a qualitative descriptive approach, involving farmers, collectors, exporters, and government institutions, to examine supply chain conditions, identify internal and external strategic factors, and formulate actions to improve long-term competitiveness. Using SWOT, IFAS–EFAS, and TOWS analysis, the study reveals that intrinsic product quality, traditional knowledge, and strong social networks form the core strengths of the upstream actors, while major weaknesses include aging trees, inconsistent post-harvest quality, limited logistics infrastructure, and restricted market access. Externally, the clove sector has strong opportunities in premium global markets, digital supply chain transformation, certification potential, and product diversification; yet it faces significant threats, including international competition, price volatility, climate risks, and non-tariff trade barriers. The formulated strategies emphasize modernization of cultivation and post-harvest practices, digital traceability systems, structured replanting programs, cooperative-based distribution models, certification clusters, and the development of value-added derivative products. The study contributes a strategic roadmap that integrates sustainability, digitalization, and institutional collaboration to enhance supply chain efficiency, stabilize farmer welfare, and elevate the global market position of North Sulawesi cloves. Keywords: Clove supply chain; sustainable supply chain; competitiveness; TOWS strategy; IFAS–EFAS; agricultural value chain; digital traceability.
Agricultural Food Supply Chain Resilience and Environmental Health: The Roles of Collaboration, Flexibility, And Agility Wangke, Shinta Jeanette C.; Tumiwa, Johan Reineer; Tuegeh, Octavia Diana Monica; Paat, Franda Benedicta
Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2026
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v14i1.67297

Abstract

Agricultural food supply chains are increasingly exposed to disruptions caused by climate change, market volatility, logistical bottlenecks, and operational uncertainty, with important implications for food continuity and environmental health. This study examines the roles of supply chain collaboration, supply chain flexibility, and supply chain agility in shaping agrifood supply chain robustness in the laying hen sector of North Sulawesi, Indonesia. A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed, and data were collected from 180 valid respondents involved in the laying hen supply chain between July and October 2025. The data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to test both direct and indirect relationships among the latent constructs. The results show that supply chain collaboration and supply chain flexibility have significant positive direct effects on agrifood supply chain robustness. Supply chain agility also has a significant direct effect and emerges as the strongest predictor of robustness. In addition, agility significantly mediates the effects of collaboration and flexibility on robustness, indicating that coordinated relationships and adaptive structures become more effective when translated into rapid operational responses. These findings suggest that resilient agricultural food supply chains depend on the integration of collaboration, flexibility, and agility to maintain supply continuity, reduce disruption impacts, and support safer and more sustainable food systems. The study contributes to the literature on agrifood resilience by linking dynamic supply chain capabilities with broader concerns of environmental health and offers practical implications for agribusiness managers and policymakers in developing regions. Keywords: Agrifood supply chain; Environmental health; Laying hen industry; Supply chain agility; Supply chain resilience
Mapping the Potential and Distribution of Ecotourism on Ambon Island, Maluku, Indonesia Leiwakabessy, Fredy; Kubangun, Muhammad Tarmizi; Pattiasina, Eifan Boyke
Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2026
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v14i1.67262

Abstract

Tourism in Indonesia now plays a significant role in providing benefits to the country's economic, social, and cultural activities. The development of nature-based tourism, or what we know as ecotourism, which emphasizes local culture and wisdom, is now being widely considered in various regions to attract tourists. Data management was carried out by analyzing community perception questionnaires related to the potential and distribution of ecotourism in the form of graphs of respondent personal data, ecotourism attractions, ecotourism facilities, community participation, and environmental impacts. Also, inputting tourist location coordinate data into ArcGIS 10.8 software, then creating a database that will be supplemented with non-spatial data. The results of the study, based on a tourist survey and questionnaire results, showed that the 10 ecotourism locations were favored by both local and foreign tourists in terms of facilities, ecotourism location attractions, community participation, and environmental impacts of the ecotourism locations.

Page 51 of 52 | Total Record : 517

 48   49   50   51   52 

Filter by Year

2012 2026


Reset
Filter By Issues
All Issue Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2026 Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2025 Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2025 Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2024 Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2024 Vol. 11 No. 2 (2023): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2023 Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2023 Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2022 Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2022 Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2021 Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): ISSUE JANUARY - JUNE 2021 Vol. 8 No. 2 (2020): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2020 Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2020 Vol. 7 No. 2 (2019): ISSUE JULY - DECEMBER 2019 Vol. 7 No. 1 (2019): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2019 Vol 7, No 1 (2019): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2019 Vol. 6 No. 2 (2018): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2018 Vol 6, No 1 (2018): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2018 Vol 6, No 1 (2018): EDISI JANUARI-JUNI 2018 Vol. 5 No. 2 (2017): ISSUE JULY - DECEMBER 2017 Vol. 5 No. 1 (2017): ISSUE JANUARY - JUNE 2017 Vol. 4 No. 2 (2016): EDISI JULI-DESEMBER 2016 Vol. 4 No. 1 (2016): EDISI JANUARI-JUNI 2016 Vol 3, No 2 (2015): EDISI JULI - DESEMBER 2015 Vol. 3 No. 1 (2015): EDISI JANUARI-JUNI 2015 Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): EDISI SEPTEMBER-DESEMBER 2014 Vol. 2 No. 2 (2014): EDISI MEI - AGUSTUS 2014 Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Edisi Januari - April 2014 Vol. 1 No. 4 (2013): Edisi September - Desember 2013 Vol. 1 No. 3 (2013): EDISI MEY - AGUSTUS 2013 Vol. 1 No. 2 (2013): EDISI JANUARI - APRIL 2013 Vol. 1 No. 1 (2012): (Edisi September - Desember 2012) More Issue