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INDONESIA
JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX
Published by Universitas Sam Ratulangi
ISSN : 23023589     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Environmental Science
Mencakup Penulisan yang berhubungan dengan pelaksanaan penelitian yang dilakukan secara mandiri, atau kelompok, dan berdasarkan Ruang Lingkup Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir, Konservasi, Ekowisata, dan Keanekaragaman Hayati Perairan.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 488 Documents
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Analysis Of Tsunami Hazard Potential On The Coast Of Bitung City, North Sulawesi Ulus, Frangky Octavian; Mandagi, Stephanus Vianny; Sumilat, Deiske Adeliene
Jurnal Ilmiah Platax Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2025
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v13i1.60969

Abstract

This thesis aims to study the tsunami hazards in the Maluku Sea region, particularly in the coastal area of Bitung, Indonesia. The research focuses on modeling and analyzing the potential tsunamis triggered by earthquake events in that region. The data used includes bathymetry, topography, coastline, and river data obtained from the Geospatial Information Agency (Badan Informasi Geospatial-BIG). The tsunami modeling process utilizes the software COMCOT (Cornell Multi-grid Coupled Tsunami).  The earthquake source parameters (PusGen) used in the modeling, such as magnitude, focal depth, length of the fault plane, the width of the fault plane, dislocation of the fault plane, strike, dip, slip/rake, and modeling area, were obtained from worst-case scenarios based on PusGen's research results. The research consists of two main stages: the pre-verification stage, where data processing and tsunami modeling are conducted, and the verification stage, where field surveys are carried out to determine the coordinates for Temporary Evacuation Sites (TEP) and Final Evacuation Sites (FEP).  Various equipment, such as GPS, altimeters, stopwatches, cameras, and drones, are used during the field verification. The research procedures include a literature review, data collection of topography, bathymetry, earthquake parameters, and fault mechanism. Subsequently, tsunami modeling is conducted, and hazard analysis is performed based on the model results. Tsunami hazard maps are generated to highlight high-risk areas in the coastal region of Bitung, and evacuation routes are identified to prepare the coastal community of Bitung to face potential tsunami threats.  The research offers important information to assist in the development of warning systems and efficient evacuation strategies to protect the coastal community of Bitung from tsunamis' devastating impacts. Keywords: Tsunami; Bitung; coastal area; earthquake; PusGen
Optimisation Of Papain Enzyme Use As An Effort To Increase The Hatching Degree Of Mutiara Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Eggs Simangunsong, Martua Pinondang; Sambali, M.Sc, Hariyani; Pangkey, Henneke; Mokolensang, Jeffrie Fredrik; Pangemanan, Novie Pankie Lukas; Sumilat, Deiske Adeliene
Jurnal Ilmiah Platax Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2025
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v13i1.61097

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of commercial papain enzyme with different concentrations and duration of soaking on increasing the degree of hatching of pearl catfish (Clarias gariepinus) eggs. The study used a Randomised Group Design (RAK) with variations in papain enzyme concentration (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 ppm) and soaking duration (5, 10, and 15 minutes). The results showed that papain enzyme concentration and soaking duration significantly affected the degree of hatching (p < 0,001). The optimal concentration of papain enzyme was 6 ppm with a soaking duration of 10 minutes, resulting in the highest hatching rate of 70,52%±2,92. The lowest egg adhesion was produced at a concentration of 8 ppm with a duration of 15 minutes (32%±4,00), while the highest degree of fertilization was directed at a concentration of 6 ppm with a duration of 10 minutes (79%±3,61). The measurement results of water quality parameters are: temperature 25,6-26,4°C, pH 7,12-7,47, and dissolved oxygen 4,06-4,41 ppm. These results indicate that the papain enzyme effectively reduces egg adhesion and increases the hatching rate of pearl catfish eggs.  Keywords: mutiara catfish; papain enzyme; hatching rate; concentration; immersion duration.   Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh enzim papain komersial dengan konsentrasi dan durasi perendaman yang berbeda terhadap peningkatan derajat penetasan telur ikan lele mutiara (Clarias gariepinus). Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan variasi konsentrasi enzim papain (0, 2, 4, 6 dan 8 ppm) dan durasi perendaman (5, 10 dan 15 menit). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi enzim papain dan durasi perendaman berpengaruh signifikan (p <0,001) terhadap derajat penetasan. Konsentrasi optimal enzim papain adalah 6 ppm dengan durasi perendaman 10 menit, menghasilkan derajat penetasan tertinggi sebesar 70,52%±2,92. Daya rekat telur terendah dihasilkan pada konsentrasi 8 ppm dengan durasi 15 menit (32%±4,00), sedangkan derajat pembuahan tertinggi dihasilkan pada konsentrasi 6 ppm dengan durasi 10 menit (79%±3,61). Hasil pengukuran parameter kualitas air yaitu: suhu 25,6–26,4°C, pH 7,12–7,47 dan oksigen terlarut 4,06–4,41 ppm. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa enzim papain efektif mengurangi daya rekat telur dan meningkatkan derajat penetasan telur ikan lele mutiara.  Kata kunci: ikan lele mutiara; enzim papain; derajat penetasan; konsentrasi; durasi perendaman
Analysis Of Consumer Willingness to Pay (Wtp) For Processed Carp (Cyprinus Carpio) And Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Product Attributes in North Minahasa Regency Longdong, florence V.; Sondakh, Srie J.; Aling, Djuwita R. R.
Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v13i2.64657

Abstract

North Minahasa Regency has great potential for freshwater fish aquaculture development, particularly carp (Cyprinus carpio) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). This research aims to analyze consumer willingness to pay (WTP) for processed freshwater fish product attributes and influencing factors. The study was conducted on 45 respondents at nine restaurants in Airmadidi, Kalawat, and Dimembe Districts using purposive and accidental sampling methods. Data analysis employed the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) with bidding game approach and logistic regression. Results showed average consumer WTP for large-sized fried tilapia was IDR 78,400 (20.6% above market price), while large-sized grilled spicy carp was IDR 82,200 (18.5% above market price). Fish size and freshness attributes were the most significant factors affecting consumer WTP (p<0.05). Socio-economic factors significantly influencing WTP were income (p=0.012), age (p=0.028), and visit frequency (p=0.035). Aggregate WTP value indicates potential revenue increase of 15-20% for business operators if desired consumer attributes are met. Keywords: willingness to pay, carp, tilapia, contingent valuation, North Minahasa   Abstrak Kabupaten Minahasa Utara memiliki potensi besar dalam pengembangan budidaya ikan air tawar, khususnya ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio) dan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kesediaan konsumen membayar (Willingness to Pay/WTP) terhadap atribut produk olahan ikan air tawar serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Penelitian dilakukan pada 45 responden di sembilan rumah makan di Kecamatan Airmadidi, Kalawat, dan Dimembe menggunakan metode purposive dan accidental sampling. Analisis data menggunakan Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) dengan pendekatan bidding game dan regresi logistik. Hasil menunjukkan rata-rata WTP konsumen untuk ikan Nila goreng ukuran besar adalah Rp 78.400 (20,6% di atas harga pasar), sedangkan ikan Mas bakar rica ukuran besar adalah Rp 82.200 (18,5% di atas harga pasar). Atribut ukuran ikan dan kesegaran merupakan faktor paling signifikan yang mempengaruhi WTP konsumen (p<0,05). Faktor sosio-ekonomi yang berpengaruh signifikan adalah pendapatan (p=0,012), usia (p=0,028), dan frekuensi kunjungan (p=0,035). Nilai agregat WTP menunjukkan potensi peningkatan pendapatan pelaku usaha sebesar 15-20% jika dapat memenuhi atribut yang diinginkan konsumen. Kata kunci: willingness to pay, ikan mas, ikan nila, contingent valuation, Minahasa Utara.
Characterization of Tea Made from Mangrove Leaves Sonneratia alba: Lompoh, Aisyah; Husain, Rahim; Manteu, Shindy Hamidah
Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v13i2.64822

Abstract

Tea processing techniques are carried out through drying. The drying process is necessary to obtain tea products with a long shelf life. Temperature and time are important parameters in the drying process that can affect the physical (yield) and chemical (antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, moisture content, and ash content) characteristics of tea products during drying. This study aims to characterize tea made from mangrove leaves (Sonneratia alba) using sun drying and oven drying treatments. The methods used in this study were organoleptic tests for hedonic quality (color, taste, aroma), yield, moisture content, and phytochemicals in mangrove leaf tea. The results showed that the drying process significantly affected the yield, moisture content, and organoleptic properties. The organoleptic properties of the tea were as follows: color 5.48–8.44, aroma 6.04–7, taste 5.16–6.12. The oven-dried yield was 2.5%, and the sun-dried yield was 2.66%. The moisture content of oven-dried tea was 9.93% and sun-dried tea was 18.98%. Phytochemicals in oven-dried and sun-dried tea were positively detected as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, and polyphenols. Keywords: phytochemicals; yield; moisture content; mangrove tea; functional food Abstrak Teknik pengolahan teh dilakukan dengan cara pengeringan. Proses pengeringan diperlukan untuk mendapatkan produk teh yang memiliki masa simpan yang panjang. Suhu dan waktu merupakan parameter penting pada proses pengeringan yang dapat mempengaruhi karakteristik fisik (rendemen) dan kimia (aktivitas antioksidan, total fenolik, kadar air dan kadar abu) produk teh selama pengeringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk karakterisasi teh berbahan baku daun mangrove (Sonneratia alba) dengan pelakuan pengeringan sinar matahari dan pengeringan oven. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu uji organoleptik mutu hedonik (warna, rasa, aroma), rendemen, kadar air dan fitokimia pada teh daun mangrove. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan proses pengeringan memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap nilai rendeman, kadar air dan organoleptik. Nilai organoleptik teh yaitu warna 5,48 - 8,44, aroma 6,04-7, rasa 5,16 - 6,12. Rendemen kering oven 2,5 % dan kering matahari 2,66%. Nilai kadar air teh kering oven 9,93% dan teh kering matahari 18,98&. Fitokimia pada teh kering oven dan matahari positif terdeteksi adanya senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, Saponin, tanin, terpenoid, dan polifenol. Kata Kunci: fitokimia; rendemen; kadar air; teh mangrove; pangan fungsional.
In-Silico Optimization of Macrolactin A from Sponge-Associated Bacteria and Its Derivatives as Eco-Friendly Antifoulants Balansa, Walter; Riyanti; Hinonaung, Jelita Siska Herlina
Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v13i2.65278

Abstract

Marine biofouling causes significant economic and environmental damage creating an urgent demand for eco-friendly antifoulants. This in silico study aimed to evaluate the antifouling efficacy and ecotoxicological profile of macrolactin A (1), previously isolated from Indonesian sponge-associated Bacillus spp., alongside its computationally generated derivatives (1a-1f, 2a–2k) using Biotransformer 3.0. Molecular docking was utilized to assess binding affinities against key protein targets—the bacterial BAM complex, GSK-3 , and acetylcholinesterase (AChE)—and used EPI Suite™ to predict environmental safety. All tested compounds exhibited robust binding affinities (  kcal/mol) against all targets likely binding to allosteric sites. ANOVA revealed significant differences ( ) in binding strength, with derivatives displaying a distinct preference for GSK-3  over AChE and BAM ( ). However, the broad-spectrum affinity across all three targets supports a potential multi-mechanism mode of action. Crucially, most derivatives showed low toxicity and bioaccumulation potential compared to commercial antifoulants such as Irgarol 1501, SeaNine 211, and Selektope®. Notably, analogues 1a-1c and 2e were predicted to be readily biodegradable. This study identified 1a–1c and 2e as leading candidates for eco-friendly antifoulants and provides a strong basis for future experimental development of novel, sustainable marine coating candidates. Keywords: ecofriendly antifouling; in silico; macrolactin; molecular docking; sponge-associated bacteria
Haematological Response of Catfish (Clarias sp.) to Variations in Stocking Density in a Bucket Aquaponics System Pasaribu, Wesly; Fransira, Immaria; Santoso, Priyo; Tampa, Ahazia Imanuel
Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v13i2.65650

Abstract

Determining the optimum stocking density is a key aspect of intensive catfish farming to maintain fish health and reduce mortality rates. This study aims to evaluate the effect of three stocking densities (20, 30, and 40 fish per bucket) on the hematological profile and mortality of catfish (Clarias sp.) in a bucket-based farming system. The fish were reared for 56 days, and blood samples were taken on days 0, 28, and 56 to measure total white blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelet count. Mortality was calculated at the end of the rearing period based on the initial number of fish and the number of live fish. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD test (p < 0.05). Results showed that on day 28, densities of 30 and 40 fish triggered a significant increase in WBC and lymphocytes compared to 20 fish, indicating a stress response and non-specific immune activation at high stocking densities. Chronically, SDM, hemoglobin, and some hematocrit values on days 28 and 56 were consistently lower at densities of 30 and 40 fish, while the lowest platelet count was found at a density of 30 fish. Cumulative mortality increased sharply from around 15% at a density of 20 fish to ±42% and ±56% at densities of 30 and 40 fish. The combination of hematology profiles and mortality showed that a density of 20 fish per bucket was the most physiologically and biologically feasible stocking density under the maintenance conditions used in this study. Keywords: Aquaponics, Catfish, Density, Hematology, Abstrak Penentuan padat tebar optimum merupakan aspek kunci dalam budidaya lele intensif untuk menjaga kesehatan ikan dan menekan tingkat kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh tiga tingkat kepadatan (20, 30, dan 40 ekor per ember) terhadap profil hematologi dan mortalitas ikan lele (Clarias sp.) dalam sistem pemeliharaan berbasis ember. Ikan dipelihara selama 56 hari, dan pengambilan sampel darah dilakukan pada hari ke-0, 28, dan 56 untuk mengukur sel darah putih total (SDP), limfosit, monosit, granulosit, sel darah merah (SDM), hemoglobin, hematokrit, dan jumlah trombosit. Mortalitas dihitung pada akhir pemeliharaan berdasarkan jumlah ikan awal dan ikan hidup. Data dianalisis menggunakan One-way ANOVA diikuti uji Tukey HSD (p < 0,05). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pada hari ke-28, kepadatan 30 dan 40 ekor memicu peningkatan signifikan SDP dan limfosit dibanding 20 ekor, mengindikasikan respon stres dan aktivasi imun non-spesifik pada padat tebar tinggi. Secara kronis, nilai SDM, hemoglobin, dan sebagian hematokrit pada hari ke-28 dan ke-56 konsisten lebih rendah pada kepadatan 30 dan 40 ekor, sedangkan trombosit paling rendah dijumpai pada kepadatan 30 ekor. Mortalitas kumulatif meningkat tajam dari sekitar 15% pada kepadatan 20 ekor menjadi ±42% dan ±56% pada kepadatan 30 dan 40 ekor. Kombinasi profil hematologi dan mortalitas menunjukkan bahwa kepadatan 20 ekor per ember merupakan padat tebar yang paling layak secara fisiologis dan biologis pada kondisi pemeliharaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini.. Keywords: Akuaponik, Budidakber, Hematologi, Kepadatan, Lele
Adaptation Strategies of Traditional Handline Fishermen to Coastal Reclamation in Sario District Makaluas, Marselino M.; Manoppo, Victoria; Mamangkey, Noldy G. F.; Luasunaung, Alfret; Mandagi, Ixchel F.; Malalantang, Sjenny S.; Sumilat, Deiske A.
Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v13i2.65929

Abstract

Coastal reclamation in Sario District since 1995 has affected the socioeconomic conditions of coastal communities, particularly handline fishermen. This study aims to identify the socioeconomic conditions of fishermen, analyze internal and external factors using PESTEL and SWOT analyses, and determine appropriate adaptation strategies. The research was conducted from August to November 2025 in three villages within Sario District using a descriptive qualitative and quantitative approach. Results show that fishermen are mostly of productive age with low education levels. Declining income due to distant fishing grounds has driven diversification into side jobs. The PESTEL analysis revealed impacts of reclamation, rising costs, and weak marketing, while SWOT placed fishermen in an aggressive strategy position with strong internal capacity but serious external threats. Adaptive strategies involve pursuing side jobs while preserving traditional fishing livelihoods. Keywords: adaptation strategy; traditional fishermen; coastal reclamation; handline fishing; PESTEL analysis; SWOT analysis Abstrak Reklamasi pantai di Kecamatan Sario sejak 1995 berdampak pada kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat pesisir, terutama nelayan pancing ulur. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi kondisi sosial ekonomi nelayan, menganalisis faktor internal dan eksternal menggunakan PESTEL dan SWOT, serta menentukan strategi adaptasi yang tepat. Penelitian dilakukan selama Agustus–November 2025 di tiga kelurahan di Kecamatan Sario dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil menunjukkan nelayan didominasi usia produktif dan berpendidikan rendah. Penurunan pendapatan akibat jauhnya area tangkap mendorong diversifikasi pekerjaan. Analisis PESTEL mengungkap dampak reklamasi, biaya tinggi, dan lemahnya pemasaran, sementara SWOT menempatkan nelayan pada strategi agresif dengan kekuatan internal baik namun menghadapi ancaman eksternal. Strategi adaptasi dilakukan melalui pekerjaan sampingan tanpa meninggalkan profesi tradisional. Kata kunci: strategi adaptasi; nelayan tradisional; reklamasi pantai; pancing ulur; analisis PESTEL; analisis SWOT
The Effectiveness of Apu Wood Plants (Pistia stratiotes) in Reducing Detergents in Water Suwardy, Moch; Sambali, Hariyani; Rumampuk, Natalie Detty C.; Pangemanan, Novie Pankie Lukas; Sumilat, Deiske A.; Singkoh, Marina Flora Oktavine
Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v13i2.65931

Abstract

This study aims to (1) evaluate the concentration of detergents in the water of the Dayanan River, (2) analyze the ability of Pistia stratiotes to reduce detergents, and (3) evaluate the effect of phytoremediation media on the physiological response of carp (Cyprinus carpio). The study used a Complete Random Design (RAL) with a plant contact time treatment of 3 and 6 days on two types of media (river water and well water + 10 mg/L detergent), as well as three replicas. Detergent analysis was carried out using the SNI 06-6989.51-2005 spectrophotometry method. The results showed that the highest concentration of detergent in the Dayanan River was found in the middle (0.0497 mg/L). Pistia stratiotes effectively reduced detergent significantly (p = 0.025) with optimal time on the third day. The fish response showed an increase in the frequency of operculum opening on the third day (p = 0.004) and no mortality was found for 48 hours. These results prove that Pistia stratiotes is effectively used as a natural biofilter to reduce the detergent content in waters. Keywords: detergent, Pistia stratiotes, phytoremediation, common carp (Cyprinus carpio), Dayanan River Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengevaluasi konsentrasi detergen dalam air Sungai Dayanan, (2) menganalisis kemampuan Pistia stratiotes dalam mereduksi detergen, dan (3) mengevaluasi efek media hasil fitoremediasi terhadap respon fisiologis ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio). Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan waktu kontak tanaman 3 dan 6 hari pada dua jenis media (air sungai dan air sumur + detergen 10 mg/L), serta tiga ulangan. Analisis detergen dilakukan menggunakan metode spektrofotometri SNI 06-6989.51-2005. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi detergen tertinggi di Sungai Dayanan terdapat pada bagian tengah (0,0497 mg/L). Pistia stratiotes efektif mereduksi detergen secara signifikan (p = 0,025) dengan waktu optimal pada hari ketiga. Respon ikan menunjukkan peningkatan frekuensi bukaan operkulum pada hari ketiga (p = 0,004) dan tidak ditemukan mortalitas selama 48 jam. Hasil ini membuktikan bahwa Pistia stratiotes efektif digunakan sebagai biofilter alami untuk menurunkan kandungan detergen di perairan. Kata kunci: detergen, Pistia stratiotes, fitoremediasi, ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio), Sungai Dayanan

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